South Eastern European Journal of Public Health Special Volume 2021, 1st Edition The Global One Health Environment A Learning Module edited by 1HOPE-GPA (Governance, Policy, Advocacy) Jacobs Verlag Executive Editor Genc Burazeri CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Email: [email protected] or: [email protected] Skype: genc.burazeri Assistant Executive Editor Kreshnik Petrela Email: [email protected] Assistant Section Editor Ines Siepmann Email: [email protected] Technical Editor Meri Roshi Email: [email protected] Board of Editors Jürgen Breckenkamp, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielefeld, Germany (2016). Kasia Czabanowska, CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (2020); Section Editor, Women in Health Leadership. Genc Burazeri, Founding Editor, CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (2013). Jens Holst, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany (2018). Ulrich Laaser, Founding Editor, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielefeld, Germany (2013). Kai Michelsen, Fulda University of Applied Sciences (Department for Nursing and Health) in Hesse, Germany. Jose Martin-Moreno, School of Public Health, Valencia, Spain (2013). Peter Schröder-Bäck, University of Applied Sciences for Police and Public Administration in North Rhine-Westphalia, Campus Aachen, Germany (2014). 1 Publisher Dr. Hans Jacobs Jacobs Publishing Company Am Prinzengarten 1 D 32756 Detmold, Germany Email: [email protected] Phone: +49 5231 6161885 The publication of the South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH) is organised in cooperation with the Bielefeld University Library. 2 SEEJPH South Eastern European Journal of Public Health www.seejph.com/ Special Volume, 2021 Publisher: Jacobs/Germany ISSN 2197-5248 3 ISSN2197-5248 DOI 10.11576/seejph-4238 Bibliographic information published by Die DeutscheBibliothek. Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available on the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (Open Access Journal). Copyright 2021 by Jacobs Publishing Company: Am Prinzengarten 1, D 32756 Detmold, Germany Copyright cover picture: WordPress Foundation: http://wordpressfoundation.org/GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 4 THE GLOBAL ONE HEALTH ENVIRONMENT The first edition of the framework for a Learning Module on Continuing Environmental Education (CEE) for postgraduate scholars, guided by their academic teachers: a compilation from the literature Between animal and human medicine there are no dividing lines nor should there be. The object is different but the experience obtained constitutes the basis of all medicine. Rudolf Virchow Contributors in alphabetic order: Yehia Abed, Madhumita Dobe, Eliudi Eliakimu, Rusmir Goletic, Tomiko Hokama, Ulrich Laaser, George Lueddeke, Linda Mans, Veronica Ormea, Monalisha Sahu, Richard Seifman. Correspondence: 1HOPE-GPA (Governance, Policy, and Advocacy) Prof. Dr. med. Ulrich Laaser DTM&H, MPH Faculty of Health Sciences, Bielefeld, Germany and: Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia E-mail: [email protected] 5 Short overview The learning module has been prepared by members of the Working Group 1HOPE-GPA (Governance, Policy, and Advocacy), part of the One Health for One Planet Education (1HOPE) Initiative to support learning and teaching about the environmental status of the planet. It aims at fostering interaction between inclusive governance and environmentalist activities in the community. This is developed in five chapters, each with several sections. The chapters cover learning material on 1) The Global interdependence 2) Environmental sustainability, 3) Toward multilevel education, 4) An approach to implementation, followed by 5) Guidance for organizers and lecturers. The Learning Module provides suitable study material for postgraduate students under the guidance of their lecturers whereas the final chapter outlines the possible institutional organization of the Learning Module. Keywords Advocacy, action, community, decision making, environmental health, globality, governance, module organization, One Health, policy, public health, Wellbeing. Acknowledgements The contributors thank Ayinka Azahkee Brown DVM, MSc, BSc and Cheryl M. Stroud DVM, PhD for their continuous support of this work, Prof. Fimka Tozija MD, MSc, PhD for her careful review of section 1.4, Perri A. Doutre MSc, BA for her careful review of sections 4.1 and 4.2, and the external reviewers Judith Overall MEd, MSc, JD and Prof. Milena Santric- Milicevic MD, MSc, PhD for reviewing the entire learning module and their detailed comments. The learning module was edited for print by Ms. Meri Roshi BA. 6 External reviews 1) Judith W. Overall, MEd, MSc, JD Lead, Human Rights in Patient Care Initiative Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER) E-mail: [email protected] Need and Timeliness of the Module: The need for this module and similar ones has been growing exponentially for some time, but now has reached an even more “time is of the essence” situation with the advent of COVID-19 and its cross-cutting, global impact. It is no longer the situation that One Health, for example, is an idea many have believed was within the realm of academics and researchers only or expounded by groups of idealists or doomsday prophets. Now we see on an everyday basis what can happen when something as small as the COVID-19 vector, though entering the human population via an animal vector silently and slowly at first, has the capability to bring the global population, its health and economic systems along with it, to its knees. Most of us do not need scientists, academics, researchers and others to tell us what can happen in our everyday lives that the population in general did not imagine or grasp not so long ago, as the virus continues its often-deadly circumnavigation of the globe because we can see with our own eyes what is happening to our loved ones, to our livelihoods and ability to feed and clothe our families in many instances, even in countries with higher income levels, GDPs, and advanced health care systems. Yet there are those who advocate that the virus is a hoax - a dark force working through world leaders who do not tell the truth and therefore whose warnings or protective measures do not have to be followed. We have reached the point of literally “the perfect storm” that highlights the crossroads of the myriad professionals described in the One Health agenda who are necessary for combatting the virus, ranging from the scientists and researchers, to the health (human and animal; physical and mental; public health) practitioners, to the academics and teachers, to the business leaders, to logistics and data experts and epidemiologists, to environmentalists, to the legal practitioners and human rights experts, and many more. What is often left out in discussions or not defined is the crucial role of those who set policy and whose job is to govern in the midst of all that is happening. We have arrived at the “What do we do now?” moment. COVID-19 is of course not the only event or scenario which illustrates in real time what the One Health Agenda and education advocates. It, including all its ramifications, is the most pressing one now. It underscores the need for the type of education and training such as 1HOPE. It also vividly underscores and highlights the fact that more focus is needed on the governance and policy components and the professionals who must perform the decision- making and administrative tasks. Without competent leaders who can govern effectively and equitably in the midst of a pandemic situation, for example, there is little hope of reaching the outcomes that we seek. This module, produced by the 1HOPE-GPA (Government, Policy, and Advocacy) Working Group, is sorely needed. 7 Appropriateness of content of materials for target audience: Target audience: postgraduate scholars; continuing education scholars; guided by academic teachers Content level is appropriate for persons who are at postgraduate or continuing education level; because of the wide variety of professions required for ultimate success of the One Health agenda, some of the postgraduate level or continuing education levels will have more background knowledge and prior understanding of the One Health concept than others whose prior training does not include the same familiarity with some of the foundational information included in the module. Content is useful from the viewpoint of an academic Because there is a wide variety of potential users of the module who have divergent backgrounds, it is important that foundational/basic information is included in the introductory sections and then mentioned or applied later on throughout the module. The materials can be useful for academic teachers as well as they guide the postgraduate or continuing education students through the module. Inclusion of the recent cases/case studies describing the situations, challenges, responses, need for collaboration across the spectrum of professionals who must be involved if at all possible, and the outcomes of those responses to COVID-19 in two separate countries strengthens the information in the module’s introductory materials. As