CHAPTER 14 Impeachment Powers A. Generally § 1. Constitutional Provisions; House and Senate Func- tions § 2. Who May Be Impeached; Effect of Resignation § 3. Grounds for Impeachment; Form of Articles § 4. Effect of Adjournment B. Investigation and Impeachment § 5. Introduction and Referral of Charges § 6. Committee Investigations § 7. Committee Consideration; Reports § 8. Consideration and Debate in the House § 9. Presentation to Senate; Managers § 10. Replication; Amending Adopted Articles C. Trial in the Senate § 11. Organization and Rules § 12. Conduct of Trial § 13. Voting; Deliberation and Judgment D. History of Proceedings § 14. Charges Not Resulting in Impeachment § 15. Impeachment Proceedings Against President Nixon § 16. Impeachment of Judge English § 17. Impeachment of Judge Louderback § 18. Impeachment of Judge Ritter Appendix Commentary and editing by Peter D. Robinson. J.D. 1939 Ch. 14 DESCHLER’S PRECEDENTS INDEX TO PRECEDENTS Adjournment sine die, effect on im- Charges not resulting in impeach- peachment proceedings ment—Cont. authority of managers following expi- Perkins, Frances, Secretary of Labor, ration of Congress, § 4.2 adverse report by committee, § 14.9 impeachment in one Congress and trial Truman, Harry, President, charges not in the next, § 4.1 acted on, §§ 14.11, 14.12 investigation in one Congress and im- Watson, Albert, judge, charges not peachment in the next, §§ 4.3, 4.4 acted on, § 14.10 Amending articles of impeachment Committee consideration and report privilege of resolution reported by broadcast of committee meeting, § 7.3 managers, § 10.5 order of business, § 7.2 procedure, §§ 10.4–10.6 report submitted without resolution of right to amend articles reserved by impeachment, § 7.7 House, § 10.1 reports as to discontinuation of im- Senate notified of amendments, § 10.6 peachment, §§ 7.8–7.10 Censure as related to impeachment, reports authorizing investigations as § 1.3 privileged, §§ 5.8, 6.2, 6.3 Charges not resulting in impeach- reports recommending impeachment, ment calendaring and printing of, § 7.6 Agnew, Spiro, Vice President, request resolution and articles of impeachment for investigation not acted upon, considered together, § 7.1 § 14.17 Committee investigations Alschuler, Samuel, judge, adverse re- evidence in impeachment inquiry, port by investigating committee, §§ 6.7–6.10 § 14.7 hearing procedures, §§ 6.5, 6.6 committee reports as to discontinu- ation of impeachment, §§ 7.8–7.10 privilege of House as to impeachment evidence, § 6.13 Douglas, William, Supreme Court Jus- tice, investigation of charges and ad- resolutions authorizing, consideration verse report, §§ 14.14–14.16 of, § 6.2 Federal Reserve Board members, resolutions authorizing, referral of, charges not acted on, § 14.5 § 6.1 Hoover, Herbert, President, charges resolutions authorizing, reported by in- not acted on, § 14.3 vestigating committee, § 6.2 Johnson Albert, judge, charges not subcommittee, creation and powers of, acted on, § 14.10 § 6.11 Lowell, James, judge, adverse report subpenas, failure to comply with, § 6.12 by investigating committee, § 14.4 witnesses, interrogation of, §§ 6.3, 6.4 Mellon, Andrew, Secretary of the Committee jurisdiction Treasury, investigation discontinued Judiciary Committee, over resolutions following resignation, § 14.2 proposing impeachment, § 5.10 Molyneaux, Joseph, judge, charges not Rules Committee, over resolutions au- acted on, § 14.6 thorizing investigations, § 5.11 1940 IMPEACHMENT POWERS Ch. 14 Consideration and debate Grounds for impeachment and form as to resolution and articles of im- of articles—Cont. peachment, §§ 8.5–8.10 President, grounds for impeachment of, broadcast of proceedings, § 8.11 §§ 3.6–3.8 control of time for, § 8.1 Judgment division of the question, § 8.10 division of the question, § 13.8 motion for previous question, § 8.8 notification of, to House, § 13.12 privilege for consideration of committee order of, not debatable, § 13.7 reports, § 8.2 removal from office after conviction, question of consideration, § 5.12 § 13.9 question of privilege to present Louderback, Harold, judge, impeach- charges, §§ 5.6, 5.7 ment of resolution and articles of impeachment committee report adverse to impeach- considered together, § 8.1 ment, § 17.1 unanimous-consent agreements gov- consideration in the House and adop- erning, § 8.1 tion of substitute resolution of im- peachment, §§ 17.1, 17.2 voting, excuse or disqualification from, continuation of proceedings into next § 13.4 Congress, § 17.4 Courts and the power of impeach- election of managers, § 17.3 ment, §§ 1.1, 1.2 Managers to conduct trial on part of Dismissal of proceedings in Senate House pursuant to House request, § 2.2 answer of respondent referred to man- English, George, judge, impeachment agers, § 10.2 of appearance in Senate to present arti- consideration and debate in House, cles, §§ 9.5, 11.4 § 16.2 appointed by resolution, §§ 9.1, 9.3 impeachment by the House, §§ 16.1– authority of, following expiration of 16.4 Congress, § 4.2 motion to recommit resolution, § 16.3 authority to prepare and submit rep- report by investigating committee rec- lication, § 10.3 ommending impeachment, § 16.1 composition and number of, § 9.2 separate vote on articles, § 16.3 excused from attending House ses- trial discontinued following resignation sions, § 9.4 of respondent, § 16.4 jurisdiction of, over related matters, Grounds for impeachment and form §§ 9.6, 9.7 of articles powers and funds granted by resolu- cumulative and duplicatory articles, tion, § 9.1 §§ 3.3–3.5 supplemental Senate rules referred to, form of resolutions and articles of im- § 10.2 peachment, §§ 3.1, 3.2 withdrawal of, while Senate delib- judges, federal, grounds for impeach- erates, § 13.1 ment of, §§ 3.9–3.13 Motions relating to impeachment offenses not committed during term of proposals office, § 3.14 for the previous question, § 8.8 1941 Ch. 14 DESCHLER’S PRECEDENTS Motions relating to impeachment Privilege of impeachment propo- proposals—Cont. sitions—Cont. to discharge, § 8.3 questions incidental to impeachment, to lay on table or to refer, §§ 5.12, 5.13 §§ 5.8, 5.9 to recommit, § 8.9 Resignation of accused, discontinu- Nixon, Richard M., President, pro- ance of proceedings, §§ 2.1–2.3 ceedings against Ritter, Halsted, judge, impeachment authority for investigation by Com- of mittee on Judiciary, § 15.2 amendment of articles by the House, broadcasting House and Senate pro- §§ 18.10, 18.11 ceedings, resolutions authorizing, answer of respondent, § 18.15 §§ 15.10, 15.11 appearance of respondent before the confidentiality of inquiry materials, Senate, § 18.8 § 15.3 conduct of trial, § 18.16 consideration by committee of articles of impeachment, § 15.7 consideration of resolution and articles consideration by House of articles of by the House, § 18.4 impeachment, § 15.12 conviction of, § 18.17 evidence in House inquiry, subpenaed deliberation of Senate behind closed by court, § 15.14 doors, § 18.17 introduction of impeachment charges, election of managers and their author- § 15.1 ity, § 18.5 pardon following resignation, § 15.15 final arguments, § 18.16 procedures for presenting evidence and House notified of order and judgment, examining witnesses, § 15.6 § 18.18 report of committee, acceptance by judgment ordered, § 18.17 House, § 15.13 motions to strike articles and specifica- report of committee following resigna- tions, §§ 18.12–18.14 tion of President, § 15.13 organization of Senate for trial, §§ 18.6, reports by inquiry staff, §§ 15.4, 15.5 18.7 resignation of President, § 15.13 presentation of articles to Senate, Senate review of impeachment trial § 18.7 rules, § 15.8 replication to respondent’s answer, Senate select committee, evidence re- § 18.15 leased by, § 15.9 report of Judiciary Committee recom- Presentation of articles to Senate mending impeachment, § 18.3 appearance of managers to present ar- Trial in the Senate ticles, §§ 9.5, 11.4 date for, messaged to House from Sen- appearance of managers to present ar- ate, § 9.5 ticles, § 11.4 managers authorized to present arti- appearance of respondent, § 11.9 cles to Senate, § 9.1 debate on organizational questions, Privilege of impeachment propo- § 11.11 sitions deliberation behind closed doors, § 13.1 charges and resolutions directly im- House notified of order and judgment, peaching, §§ 5.1–5.3 § 13.12 1942 IMPEACHMENT POWERS Ch. 14 Trial in the Senate—Cont. Trial procedure—Cont. oath and organization, §§ 11.5, 11.6 supplemental rules to govern, §§ 11.7, opinions of individual Senators, filing 11.8 of, § 13.11 suspension of trial for messages and presiding officer, appointment of, legislative business, §§ 12.5, 12.6 § 11.12 witness, respondent as, § 12.11 privileges of Senate floor during, Voting on conviction and judgment § 11.13 excuse or disqualification from, § 13.4 Trial procedure majority vote for judgment of disquali- evidence, presiding officer rules on ad- fication, § 13.10 missibility of, § 12.7 evidence returned at close of trial, on removal following conviction, § 13.9 § 12.9 orders governing, § 13.2 exhibits offered in evidence, § 12.8 pairs not recognized, § 13.3 final arguments, § 12.12 points of order against vote on convic- motions to strike articles, §§ 12.2–12.4 tion, §§ 13.5, 13.6 opening arguments, § 12.1 putting the question, § 13.2 rules for trial, nature and amendment two-thirds vote required for conviction of, §§ 11.1–11.3 § 13.5 1943 Impeachment Powers A. GENERALLY § 1. Constitutional Provi- nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Pun- sions; House and Senate ishment, according to Law. Article I, Functions Section 3, clause 7. Two other sections of the U.S. The impeachment power is de- Constitution also mention im- lineated and circumscribed by sev- peachment: eral provisions of the U.S. Con- stitution. They state: The President . shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for The President, Vice President and Offences against the United States, ex- all civil Officers of the United States, cept in Cases of Impeachment.