MASS RAPID TRANSIT AUTHORITY THAILAND SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION FOR BANGKOK MASS TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN THAILAND FINAL REPORT SEPTEMBER 2010 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS, CO., LTD. EID JR 10-159 MASS RAPID TRANSIT AUTHORITY THAILAND SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION FOR BANGKOK MASS TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN THAILAND FINAL REPORT SEPTEMBER 2010 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS, CO., LTD. Special Assistance for Project Implementation for Mass Transit Development in Bangkok Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Background of the Study ..................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Objective of the Study ......................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Scope of the Study............................................................................................... 1-2 1.4 Counterpart Agency............................................................................................. 1-3 CHAPTER 2 EXISTING CIRCUMSTANCES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF MASS TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT IN BANGKOK .............................. 2-1 2.1 Legal Framework and Government Policy.......................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Relevant Agencies....................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Relevant Committees.................................................................................. 2-2 2.1.3 Ownership of Each Line.............................................................................. 2-2 2.1.4 Relevant Acts.............................................................................................. 2-3 2.2 Existing Mass Transit Network ........................................................................... 2-6 2.3 Present Status of Each Project Plan ..................................................................... 2-7 2.4 Future Prospects of MRTA Lines........................................................................ 2-15 2.4.1 First 10 Years Plan ...................................................................................... 2-15 2.4.2 Category of Each MRTA Project ................................................................ 2-15 2.4.3 Description of Each Project......................................................................... 2-16 CHAPTER 3 TECHNICAL AND CONTRACTUAL CONSIDERATIONS IN PROCUREMENT AND INSTALLATION OF RAILWAY SYSTEMS1 3.1 The Blue Line ISP ............................................................................................... 3-2 3.1.1 Description of the MRT System.................................................................. 3-2 3.1.2 Contract Scheme ......................................................................................... 3-2 3.1.3 MRTA Act................................................................................................... 3-3 3.1.4 Technical Regulation................................................................................... 3-4 3.1.5 Technical Standards.................................................................................... 3-5 3.2 Tender Documents of Blue Line ISP and Purple Line Project ............................ 3-6 3.2.1 Documentation Process............................................................................... 3-6 3.2.2 Employer’s Requirements and Performance Specifications ....................... 3-7 3.2.3 Supplier’s Design Document....................................................................... 3-11 3.2.4 Process Analysis of Each System Device ................................................... 3-14 3.2.5 Tender Documents of Purple Line Project .................................................. 3-17 3.3 Dependency of M&E Systems in System Expansion.......................................... 3-22 - 1 - Special Assistance for Project Implementation for Mass Transit Development in Bangkok Final Report 3.3.1 Interface among M&E Systems................................................................... 3-23 3.3.2 Level of Dependency of M&E Systems...................................................... 3-24 3.3.3 Level of Difficulty in M&E System Expansion .......................................... 3-25 3.3.4 Minimal Technical Specifications for System Expansion........................... 3-27 3.3.5 Future Perspective – towards Open Technology......................................... 3-34 3.4 Lessons Learned and Recommendations for Coming MRTA Projects ............... 3-35 CHAPTER 4 REVIEW OF MRTA ORGANIZATION AND TECHNICAL CAPACITIES............................................................................................. 4-1 4.1 Roles and Responsibilities of MRTA .................................................................. 4-2 4.1.1 Current Concession Contract....................................................................... 4-2 4.1.2 Future Operation Modality - Gross Cost Scheme and Beyond ................... 4-2 4.1.3 Railway System Company Tasks and Duties.............................................. 4-5 4.2 Current Organization Structure of MRTA........................................................... 4-19 4.2.1 Implementation and Management Structure ............................................... 4-19 4.2.2 MRTA – a Reverse Order Development History ........................................ 4-21 4.2.3 Organization Structure................................................................................ 4-24 4.2.4 Responsibilities of Each Organizational Unit and Personnel...................... 4-27 4.2.5 Human Resource Management ................................................................... 4-28 4.3 Current Activities of Technical Personnel in MRTA .......................................... 4-33 4.3.1 Construction and Planning Activities.......................................................... 4-33 4.3.2 System Operation Activities........................................................................ 4-34 4.3.3 System Maintenance Activities ................................................................... 4-36 4.3.4 Technology Transfer Programs ................................................................... 4-39 4.3.5 Preliminary Capacity Review and Assessment ........................................... 4-44 4.4 Lessons Learned and Recommendations for Coming MRTA Projects ............... 4-46 CHAPTER 5 IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND ROADMAP FOR TECHNICAL CAPACITY BUILDING 5.1 Railway Business, Organization & Operations Development............................. 5-1 5.1.1 Business Development................................................................................ 5-1 5.1.2 Public and Private Good Nature of Railway Business ................................ 5-2 5.2 Possible type of Legal and Contractual Arrangements........................................ 5-4 5.2.1 Reverse Order Development and Beyond ................................................... 5-4 5.2.2 Possible Type of Contracts.......................................................................... 5-5 5.3 Global Trend of MRT Services ........................................................................... 5-6 5.3.1 Global Trend Review .................................................................................. 5-6 5.3.2 Mixed Results around the World................................................................. 5-9 - 2 - Special Assistance for Project Implementation for Mass Transit Development in Bangkok Final Report 5.4 Best Practices and Lessons Learned from Japan’s Private Railway Companies ........................................................................................................... 5-12 5.4.1 Overall View – Private Railway Companies............................................... 5-12 5.4.2 Japanese Private Railway Companies ......................................................... 5-13 5.4.3 Strength of Japanese Railway Companies................................................... 5-17 5.5 Case Study – Tokyu Corporation and Minato Mirai (MM) Line ........................ 5-19 5.5.1 Overview of Tokyu Corporation ................................................................. 5-19 5.5.2 Overview of MM Line ................................................................................ 5-21 5.5.3 Concession Agreement................................................................................ 5-22 5.5.4 Managerial Challenges................................................................................ 5-24 5.6 Preconditions for Capacity Building Roadmap ................................................... 5-27 5.7 Lessons Learned and Recommendations for MRTA’s Future ............................ 5-28 CHAPTER 6 SHORT-TERM ROADMAP – TO TECHNICAL AND CAPACITY READINESS FOR GROSS COST SCHEME 6.1 Approach - Methodology and Assumptions ........................................................ 6-1 6.1.1 Methodology ............................................................................................... 6-1 6.1.2 Assumption.................................................................................................. 6-2 6.2 Future Tasks and Required Capabilities .............................................................. 6-3 6.2.1 Operation Activities...................................................................................