Ash dispersion and COLIMA VOLCANO ballistic projectiles Ash dispersion What are they? San Andres Ixtlan During explosive eruptions, rock fragments less than 2 Area in detail 54D mm in diameter are dispersed by the prevailing winds and Tonaya Jalisco JALISCO San Sebastian del Sur will fall as a rain of dust. Historically it has reached distances of 30 to 50 km, and thicknesses of 10 m within San Gabriel a 7 km radius Colima Mich. Nevado de Colima Cantaro Ballistic products are rock fragments bigger than 64 Pacic National Park mm in diameter, expelled by the volcano during429 Ocean 429 Volcano Cd. Guzman explosions, with trajectories similar to a cannon ball Tamazula 21 Nevado Area where ballistic products Zapotiltic de Colima up to 50 cm in diameter might fall Nevado Sierra de Manantlan 417 5 de Colima Biosphere Reserve Scale in km Colima Tuxpan Zapotitlan Atenquique JALISCO Volcano 2 June-Octuber San Antonio November-May Colima San Marcos Volcano El Pizahue Borbollon Los Zapotes Juan Barragan Queseria Tonila El Tecuán Los Laureles Alcaraces 54 El Jabali Zacualpan La Higuera Suchitlan San José COLIMA del Carmen El Nogal Rancho El Tejocote Cuauhtemoc COLIMA Grande Comala El Refugio Bordo Carrizalillo Colima 1 El Remudadero International Cofradia Invernadero Legend El Fresnal 54D Villa de Alvarez Airport Huizachera Rancho Tonila La Lima Colima Area with the de Marchantillo Causentla COLIMA highest ashfall Legend 11 probability Area of ballistic product Landing strip Coquimatlan Las Higueras Suchitlán Quesería Major towns falls (upEl to Carrizal 5 km) 54D La Huizachera Airport El CarrizalilloLearn more Roads National System of Civil Protection 0 10 www.proteccioncivil.gob.mx 243 Towns Scale in km Predominant wind National Center for Disasters Prevention direction www.cenapred.gob.mx Sierra Madre del Sur Source: Adapted from the Hazards map of Colima volcano made by the #PrevenirEsVivir University of Colima Armería Paso de Potrerillos Tecomán Las Conchas 185 78 MOVING MEXICO INTO PREVENTION About the Colima Volcano Ciudad Ash dispersion and ballistic products Guzmán Colima Volcano Ashfall characteristics What is tephra? Ballistic products Jalisco Location 26 km southwest of Ciudad It is composed of: Are caused by explosions at the Guzman, Jalisco, and 32 km crater. Rocks are expelled at high 417Colima northeast of the city of Mich. Volcanic ash: speed and then fall on the ground Colima Las Tejas Pacic fragments of volcanic Ocean material (pyroclasts) with Elevation less than 2 mm in diameter As they fall, they can damage infrastructure and people Agosto 3,860 meters above Lapilli: fragments between sea level 2 and 64 mm in diameter Platanar If the ballistic products fall at high El Saucillo temperature they can cause forest res and burn houses Colima volcano is Ash dispersion scale considered the most active in Minor eruption tens of kilometers Mexico Mayor eruption hundreds of kilometers Activity in the last 100 years: 1913 1958 1991 1998 2000 2004 2014 Ash reached Guadala- Lava owed from the Effusive activity Eruption that caused a Lahars affected the Lava ows that Numerous explosions, jara, Saltillo and crater towards the accompanied by rst dome on the town of La Becerrera reached between 2 new dome growth, Coahuila. The eruption north ank dome collapse southwest portion of and the Montegrande and 5 km in length lava ows towards the changed the top of the crater ravine west and southeast the volcano 1955 1975 1997 1999 2000-2003 2008-2012 Debris ows reached Lava ows Several earthquakes Explosion that Growth of a dome, Dome growth the town of emplaced over noticed, dome fracture produced an ash with pyroclastic ows Atenquique, located the eastern ank column 7 km high and ashfall to the 18 km away and pyroclastic southeast, south and ows 4.5 km long east.