The Journal of the South Carolina Native Plant Society Summer 2010 In this issue The Wateree Trillium ...... 1 President’s Perspective .... 2 Rescuing in Woodlands .... 3 SCNPS Rescues ............. 3 Spring Seed Collection ...... 6 Epiphytic Plants in SC ....10 News and Events ...........12 Name That Native Plant! I am a native cool-season annual grass. The “umbrella” in M. fraseri. Photo courtesy of Chris Evans, University of Georgia. You may not realize it to look at me, but I was once an important food source A colony of T. oostingii in May on the banks of the Wateree River. for humans. Seeds of my ancestors may Photo courtesy of the author be found in archaeological digs around ancient campfire sites, and I played a part in early development of agricul- The Wateree Trillium ture in the area east of the Mississippi a New Sessile-Flowered Trillium from Kershaw River. My lifestyle may be a little more relaxed these and Richland Counties, South Carolina days, and By L. L. Gaddy you may not have noticed Terra Incognita, Inc. - environmental consulting, research, and exploration me loung- In the spring of 2002, I was walking along Big Pine Tree Creek in Kershaw ing around County, South Carolina, on the lookout for interesting spring wildflowers, in regularly when I noticed the tendrils of Canada moonseed (Menispermum canadense) disturbed sites. climbing on a black walnut tree. Knowing that both of these species are good I’m just as indicators of rich soils, I carefully scanned the understory for what it might good as I was yield. A large yellow-flowered toadshade (as the sessile-flowered trilliums are once was, so don’t forget all commonly called) was blooming under the black walnut and a nearby bitternut aboute m - you hickory. I stared at the plant for a while; then suddenly realized that nothing may need me was registering in my botanical memory bank built on 36 years of field experi- again some ence. I had never seen this plant before. Interestingly, that is the same reac- day. tion most people—including experts on the genus Trillium—have when they see the Wateree trillium: “What on earth is that?” The answer is embedded in the text somewhere in this newsletter. Photo by Bill Stringer. (See Trillium, page 4) South Carolina Native Plant Society • Summer 2010 1 Greetings fellow SCNPS members! If you were not able to attend our 12th Annual landscape designs of monocultured lawns and puffball Symposium last month, you missed a fantastic event. shrubs would have been viewed as starry-eyed dream- The Lowcountry Chapter symposium team did a ing. However, times have changed…somewhat. Our wonderful job putting together a very informative education agenda is still no doubt ambitious, but and fun weekend. Magnolia Plantation and Gardens in discussions at the symposium, I heard many take was a perfect venue which, together with neighbor- stock in the fact that we have entered an era that ing Drayton Hall, provided botanically rich field may give us more hope of making effective change. excursions and offered a glimpse into the historical That is, the “go green” movement that our culture rice culture, a culture defined by botanical ecology. has largely embraced represents a true shift in the We had a great group of presenters covering a wide way the general public views our place in the planet’s variety of topics from hands-on workshops in plant ecosystem. Much of this cultural shift may be more propagation and diseases, landscape design, and superficial than substantive. Nevertheless, the fact creating your own herbarium; to presentations on lo- that it is now generally “cool” to be green, no matter cal floral and faunal natural history; and of course the what your political leaning, is a significant step. This natural history of our rice plantations. new mindset is a foundation that has allowed the Dr. Doug Tallamy (Chair of the University of commercial growth of sustainable landscape design Delaware Department of Entomology and Wild- and architecture (e.g., there are a growing number life Ecology and author of Bringing Nature Home: of LEEDs and EarthCraft projects in the Carolinas How You Can Sustain Wildlife with Native Plants) and Georgia) where not so long ago there was none. was our plenary speaker. He provided an excellent And I offer here some very encouraging data about presentation on how native plants and sustainable our own organization. Pam Howe (state membership landscape design can result in a richer ecology for committee chair) has looked at our membership data, our personal landscapes, and if employed on a large and reports that we currently have 440 members, and scale, can have important positive effects on regional that new memberships are coming in weekly. conservation of native plants and animals alike. The I have been involved in many volunteer conser- panel discussion that followed Dr. Tallamy’s presen- vation organizations. However, the SCNPS stands tation generated very passionate discussion on the out like none other in the way members step up to importance of education and outreach, and this topic provide conservation and education resources one became a dominant theme of discussion throughout can use on one’s own land, and effective activism the symposium. by our chapters has made a real difference in local Educating the public about preservation of our conservation efforts for many of our special ecological native plants and ecosystems is a daunting agenda, areas. As we continue in our mission, I invite all to especially given the overwhelming dominance of the explore new ways we might fulfill our education and “big box” gardening centers in our country. There outreach agenda, and I am sure we will see growth in was much discussion on how we might penetrate this our organization and, with time, growth in the pres- force, and I heard a lot of angst about the prospects ervation and restoration of our special native ecology of making a real difference. Our collective wrestling that works in concert with our growing population. with this issue is central to the agenda of the SC- NPS. The common conclusion that I heard in the Jeff Beacham, President presentations and conversations at the symposium is: “This is really about cultural change.” In the not too distant past, any great optimism about affecting a shift in the “big box” forces and the prominence of 2 South Carolina Native Plant Society • Summer 2010 Rescuing in Woodlands - SC Native Plant Society Observations Plant Rescues Jeane Saylor Reeves It has been the policy, whether formal or informal, Our Georgia woods are a wonder, filled in all seasons of the SC Native Plant Society to place high priority with treasures, beauty, and release from the pressures of on placing rescued native plants into visible restora- daily life. When we stroll or hike into a rescue site with tion projects to which the public has access. This the intent of saving plants from the imminent, catastroph- helps to facilitate the objectives of the Society dealing ic effects of earthmoving machines, our hearts are in the with education on, and restoration and preservation of right place. These native plants, from small trees and native plant communities in SC. lovely shrubs to delicate wildflowers and graceful ferns, The following draft language has been guiding the can and will adapt to new, safe homes. But, to ensure their Upstate Chapter in managing rescue opportunities: survival, each rescuer should be aware, alert, and contem- plative as to the plants' indigenous situations. 1. Priorities for plant placement. All things being There are a number of factors that aren't readily equal, priorities for placement of rescued plants will apparent to the novice rescuer, and even seasoned res- be as follows (from highest to lowest). cuers sometimes fail to consider that each plant has its a. Allocation to projects of the Upstate Chapter of own needs. Some flora are very "picky" when it comes to the Native Plant Society. In this sense projects relocation. For instance, native ladyslippers (Cypripedium would include both those administered directly spp.), trailing arbutus (Epigaea repens), running ground by the Chapter and projects we are working on pine (Lycopodium digitatum), and horse sugar (Symplocos cooperatively with other organizations. tinctoria), although different in their needs, are all de- manding, but well worth the effort of educating oneself. b. A reasonable allocation of plants or seeds for Of course we all know that moisture, light, and nutrients the personal use of participants in the rescue are the basic elements that all plants require in varying itself. amounts. But other factors aren't so obvious, and even c. Allocation to a plant sale sponsored by the moisture, light, and nutrients aren't so simple. Upstate Chapter of the Native Plant Society. A water-loving plant growing on the bank of a stream is there because it needs the oxygen contained in mov- d. Allocation to educational institutions from elementary through high school. ing, bubbling water. Gentians (Gentiana spp.), cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia), e. Allocation to other public landscaping projects. and grass-of Parnassus (Parnassia asarifolia) come to mind. f. Allocation to botanical gardens. Other plants such as Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyl- lum) and Virginia sweetspire (Itea virginica) are found in g. Allocation for the purposes of research. damp or boggy conditions, and are at their happiest there. Northern maidenhair fern (Adiantum pedatum), wild hy- 2. The unifying theme in determining the allocation of drangea (Hydrangea arborescens), mountain laurel (Kalmia rescued plants is based on the policy: latifolia), and galax (Galax urceolata), among others, often Placement of rescued plants is made first on the prefer the conditions they find at the top of stream banks basis of the long-term welfare of the plants rescued and ravines.