REPORT ON CITY OF SYDNEY INDUSTRIAL & WAREHOUSE BUILDINGS HERITAGE STUDY FOR THE CITY OF SYDNEY OCTOBER 2014 FINAL VOLUME 1 Eveready batteries, 1937 (Source: Source: SLNSW hood_08774h) Joseph Lucas, (Aust.) Pty Ltd Shea's Creek 2013 (Source: City Plan Heritage) (Source: Building: Light Engineering, Dec 24 1955) VOLUME 1 CITY OF SYDNEY INDUSTRIAL & WAREHOUSE BUILDINGS HERITAGE STUDY FINAL REPORT Job No/ Description Prepared By/ Reviewed by Approved by Document of Issue Date Project Director No Manager/Director FS & KD 13-070 Draft 22/01/2014 KD/24/01/2014 13-070 Final Draft KD/17/04/2014 KD/22/04/2014 13-070 Final Draft 2 KD/13/06/2014 KD/16/06/2014 13-070 Final KD/03/09/2014 KD/05/09/2014 13-070 Final 2 KD/13/10/2014 KD/13/10/2014 Name: Kerime Danis Date: 13/10/2014 Note: This document is preliminary unless it is approved by the Director of City Plan Heritage CITY PLAN HERITAGE FINAL 1 OCTOBER 2014 / H-13070 VOLUME 1 CITY OF SYDNEY INDUSTRIAL & WAREHOUSE BUILDINGS HERITAGE STUDY FINAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 – REPORT Executive summary ........................................................................................................................ 4 1.0 About this study................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 6 1.3 Components ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Author Identification ........................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ 7 1.6 Study area .......................................................................................................................... 7 1.7 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 11 1.8 Limitations ........................................................................................................................ 12 1.9 Previous heritage studies ................................................................................................. 12 2.0 What is industrial heritage ................................................................................................ 15 2.1 Warehouses, factories and workshops ............................................................................ 15 2.2 Electrical Substations ....................................................................................................... 16 2.3 Pumping stations .............................................................................................................. 17 2.4 Stormwater and sewer channels ...................................................................................... 17 2.5 Industrial archaeology ...................................................................................................... 18 3.0 Study methodology ........................................................................................................... 18 3.1 Heritage assessment standards....................................................................................... 18 3.2 Stakeholder consultation .................................................................................................. 20 3.3 Historic research .............................................................................................................. 20 3.4 Fieldwork survey .............................................................................................................. 21 3.5 Comparative analysis ....................................................................................................... 22 4.0 History of industrial heritage ............................................................................................ 22 4.1 International industrial history .......................................................................................... 22 4.2 Australia’s industrial history .............................................................................................. 23 4.3 Sydney’s industrial history ................................................................................................ 24 5.0 Comparative analysis ........................................................................................................ 30 5.1 New South Wales industrial heritage ............................................................................... 30 5.2 Other Australian industrial heritage studies ..................................................................... 31 6.0 Listing recommendations ................................................................................................. 32 6.1 Listing rationale ................................................................................................................ 32 6.2 Recommended listings overview...................................................................................... 33 6.2.1 Quantity ..................................................................................................................... 33 6.2.2 Industries................................................................................................................... 33 6.2.3 Periods ...................................................................................................................... 33 CITY PLAN HERITAGE FINAL 2 OCTOBER 2014 / H-13070 VOLUME 1 CITY OF SYDNEY INDUSTRIAL & WAREHOUSE BUILDINGS HERITAGE STUDY FINAL REPORT 6.2.4 Architectural styles .................................................................................................... 34 6.2.5 Building materials ...................................................................................................... 34 6.2.6 Built forms ................................................................................................................. 35 6.2.7 Current uses and development ................................................................................. 35 6.3 Recommended heritage items ......................................................................................... 36 6.3.1 Item assessments ..................................................................................................... 40 6.3.2 Item names ............................................................................................................... 40 6.4 Recommended conservation areas ................................................................................. 40 6.4.1 North Alexandria industrial conservation area .......................................................... 41 6.4.2 William Street industrial conservation area ............................................................... 42 6.5 Noted historic sites ........................................................................................................... 43 6.6 Existing heritage items review.......................................................................................... 44 6.7 Wentworth Avenue, Surry Hills, report review ................................................................. 46 6.8 Sites with potential industrial archaeology ....................................................................... 47 7.0 Outside scope matters for further heritage study .......................................................... 48 7.1 Former Chinese market garden archaeology .................................................................. 48 7.2 Further central Sydney industrial buildings ...................................................................... 48 7.2.1 Located outside of the study area: ............................................................................ 48 7.2.2 Substantially modified buildings or building remnants: ............................................. 49 8.0 Recommended planning controls .................................................................................... 49 8.1 Existing guidelines ........................................................................................................... 49 8.2 City of Sydney’s existing planning controls ...................................................................... 50 8.2.1 Heritage items and conservation areas .................................................................... 51 8.2.2 Noted historic sites over 50 years ............................................................................. 51 8.2.3 Archaeological sites .................................................................................................. 51 8.3 Recommended planning control updates ........................................................................ 52 8.3.1 Objectives ................................................................................................................. 52 8.3.2 Significant features ................................................................................................... 52 8.3.3 Change of use & building standards compliance ..................................................... 52 8.3.4 Painting ....................................................................................................................