Zootaxa 3140: 49–59 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Description of two new species of Pseudochrominae from northern Palawan and Mindoro, Philippine Islands (Teleostei: Perciformes: Pseudochromidae) ANTHONY C. GILL1,2 & JEFFREY T. WILLIAMS3 1Macleay Museum and School of Biological Sciences, A12 - Macleay Building, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Aus- tralia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Ichthyology, The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia 3Division of Fishes, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, 4210 Silver Hill Road, Suitland, MD 20746, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Pseudochromis fuligifinis is described from 12 specimens from Verde Island, west coast of Mindoro and Apo Reef in the Philippines. It closely resembles P. elongatus Lubbock from Indonesia and P. striatus Gill, Shao & Chen from the Batanes Islands, Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands, but differs in various meristic and coloration details. Manonichthys scintilla is described from five specimens from Coron Island and Apo Reef. It differs from congeners in fin shape and live coloration details. Key words: Pseudochromis, Manonichthys, new species, systematics, Philippines, fish Introduction The Philippine Islands has a diverse ichthyofauna with over 3,017 marine fish species reported from the islands (Froese and Pauly, 2011). Recent fieldwork by the second author and associates has yielded several new species, including two new species of the pseudochromid subfamily Pseudochrominae. This subfamily was revised by Gill (2004), who recognised 80 species in 10 genera, though additional new species have been described subsequently (e.g., Allen & Erdmann 2007, Allen et al. 2008a, b, Gill & Allen 2004, 2011, Gill et al. 2009, Gill & Tanaka 2004, Gill & Zajonz 2011). We herein describe the new Philippine species, one of which belongs in Pseudochromis Rüp- pell and the other in Manonichthys Gill. Material and methods Methods of counting and measuring follow Gill (2004). In the descriptions of the new species, counts and measure- ments for the holotype are given first, followed (where variation was noted) by value ranges or frequency distribu- tions for the paratypes in parentheses. Frequency distributions are given in the form “x fn”, where “x” is a given meristic value, and “n” is its frequency (bilateral counts included where appropriate). Institutional codes follow Leviton et al. (1985). Comparisons with other pseudochromine species are based on materials listed in Gill (2004) and on four paratypes of Manonichthys jamali (USNM 389145, 2: 25.8–45.3 mm SL; WAM P.32854-001, 2: 43.7– 52.9 mm SL). Accepted by M. R. deCarvalho: 17 Nov. 2011; published: 22 Dec. 2011 49 Pseudochromis fuligifinis new species Soot-tail Dottyback Figures 1-4, Table 1 Holotype. PNM 15177 (from USNM 383120), 32.0 mm SL, Philippines, Mindoro Province, Verde Island, eastern- most point on SE side where rocks emerge from water (hot water and bubbles coming out of rocks), 13°31.97’ N, 121° 06.18’ E, isolated pinnacle with dense coral cover and steep slope of hard and soft corals, 27–30 m, rotenone, J.T. Williams, M. Westneat, K. Carpenter, J.F. Finan, M. McGrouther, J. Janovetz, K. Parkinson, A Dantis and M. Santos, 28 May 2000 (field number MIN 00-42). Paratypes. AMS I.40141-002, 30.9 mm SL, collected with holotype; ASU 19098, 23.8 mm SL, Philippines, Mindoro Province, Apo Reef, southern tip on outer reef, 12°37’01”N 120°29’24”E, coral, rubble field, some sand and soft corals, 5–33 m, J.T. Williams, M. Westneat, K. Carpenter, R. Mooi, et al., 3 Mar 2003 (field number BUS 03-05); ASU 19099, 26.0 mm SL, cleared and stained, collected with ASU 19098; FMNH 120316, 32.1 mm SL, collected with holotype; FMNH 120317, 3: 13.5–20.4 mm SL, collected with ASU 19098; USNM 383121, 31.9 mm SL, collected with holotype; USNM 382745, 2: 23.1–32.3 mm SL, collected with ASU 19098; USNM 383122, 24.4 mm SL, Philippines, Mindoro Province, Mamburao Reef, 13°10’04”N 120°35’12”E, rocky slope, rubble and sandy flat with silt, 30 m, rotenone, J.T. Williams, M. Westneat, K. Carpenter, M. McGrouther, et al., 3 June 2000 (field number MIN 00-62). Diagnosis. Pseudochromis fuligifinis is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of charac- ters: dorsal-fin rays III,25–26, with last 2–9 rays unbranched; anal-fin rays III,14–15 (usually III,15); circumpedun- cular scales 16; dorsal-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin 23.4–25.9 % SL; horizontal scale rows below anterior lateral line 11–13; and caudal fin with sub-basal dark grey to black half-moon shaped marking on the caudal fin, with dis- tal portion of fin posterior to dark spot and to distal tips of elongated dorsal and ventral lobes of fin sooty black. Description (based on 12 specimens, 13.5–32.3 mm SL). Dorsal-fin rays III,25 (III,25 f4; III,26 f7), last 9 seg- mented rays branched (last 2–7 rays branched; no rays branched in 13.5 mm SL paratype); anal-fin rays III,14 (III,14 f1; III,15 f10), last 8 segmented rays branched (last 3–12 rays branched; no rays branched in 13.5 mm SL paratype); pectoral-fin rays 17/17 (16 f6; 17 16); upper procurrent caudal-fin rays 6 (6 f7; 7 f4); lower procurrent caudal-fin rays 6 (6 f10; 7 f1); total caudal-fin rays 29 (29 f7; 30 f3; 31 f1); scales in lateral series 37/37 (35 f6; 36 f9; 37 f4; 38 f2; 39 f1); anterior lateral-line scales 24/24 (20 f2; 21 f4; 22 f2; 23 f3; 24 f4; 25 f3; 26 f1; 27 f1); ante- rior lateral line terminating beneath segmented dorsal-fin ray 14/14 (12 f3; 13 f4; 14 f3; 15 f5; 16 f4; 17 f1); poste- rior lateral-line scales 6 + 0/6 + 0 (3–7 + 0–1; posterior lateral-line scales absent in three smallest paratypes, 13.5– 20.4 mm SL); scales between lateral lines 4/4 (3 f2; 4 f18); horizontal scale rows above anal-fin origin 12 + 1 + 2/ 11 + 1 + 1 (11–13 + 1 + 1–3 = 13–17); circumpeduncular scales 16; predorsal scales 17 (14 f1; 15 f1; 16 f4; 17 f3; 18 f1; scales incompletely developed in 13.5 mm SL paratype); scales behind eye 2 (2 f6; 3 f4); scales to preoper- cular angle 4 (3 f3; 4 f7); gill rakers 4 + 10 (3 + 10 f1; 3 + 11 f1; 4 + 10 f4; 4 + 11 f5); pseudobranch filaments 7 (7 f8; 8 f3); circumorbital pores 19/19 (12–19); preopercular pores 9/10 (7–11); dentary pores 4/4; posterior interor- bital pores 1 (0–1). Lower lip incomplete; dorsal and anal fins without scale sheaths, although sometimes with intermittent scales overlapping fin bases; predorsal scales extending anteriorly to anterior AIO pores; opercle with 4 distinct serra- tions; teeth of outer ceratobranchial-1 gill rakers well developed on raker tips only; anterior dorsal-fin pterygio- phore formula S/S/S + 3/1 + 1/1/1/1/1 + 1/1 (S/S/S + 3/1 + 1/1/1/1/1 + 1/1 f2; S/S/S + 3/1 + 1/1/1/1/1/1 + 1 f6; /S + S/S + 3/1 + 1/1/1/1/1/1 + 1 f1; /S + S/S + 3/1 + 1/1/1/1/1 + 1/1 f1; S/S/S + 3/1 + 1/1/1/1/1 + 1/1 + 1 f1); dorsal-fin spines moderately slender and pungent; anterior anal-fin pterygiophore formula 3/1 + 1/1/1 + 1/1/1 + 1 (3/1/1 + 1/ 1/1 + 1/1 f8; 3/1 + 1/1/1/1 + 1/1 f2); anal-fin spines stout and pungent, second spine much stouter than third; pelvic- fin spine varying from slender with weakly ossified tip to moderately slender with pungent tip; second segmented pelvic-fin ray usually longest, although sometimes sub-equal to third; caudal fin rounded with posterior margin truncate, sometimes in combination with prolongation of outer principal rays to give lyre-like shape; vertebrae 10 + 16; epineurals 13 (13 f2; 14 f5; 15 f2; not determined f2); epurals 3. Upper jaw with 2–4 pairs of curved, enlarged caniniform teeth anteriorly, and 4–5 (at symphysis) to 1–2 (on sides of jaw) inner rows of small conical teeth, outermost of rows of conical teeth much larger and more curved than inner rows; lower jaw with 2–3 pairs of curved, enlarged caniniform teeth anteriorly, and 4–5 (at symphysis) to 1 (on sides of jaw) inner rows of small conical teeth, teeth on middle of jaw slightly larger and curved; vomer 50 · Zootaxa 3140 © 2011 Magnolia Press GILL & WILLIAMS with 1–2 rows of small conical teeth, forming chevron; palatine with 2–3 rows of small conical teeth arranged in elongate, suboval patch, anterior part of the tooth patch more-or-less contiguous with posterolateral arm of vom- erine tooth patch; ectopterygoid edentate; tongue moderately pointed and edentate. FIGURE 1. Pseudochromis fuligifinis, PNM 15177 (from USNM 383120), holotype, 32.0 mm SL, Verde Island, Mindoro Province, Philippines. (Photo by J.T. Williams) FIGURE 2. Pseudochromis fuligifinis, USNM 382745, paratype, 32.3 mm SL, Apo Reef, Mindoro Province, Philippines. (Photo by J.T. Williams) FIGURE 3. Pseudochromis fuligifinis, USNM 382745, paratype, 23.1 mm SL, Apo Reef, Mindoro Province, Philippines. (Photo by J.T. Williams). NEW SPECIES OF PSEUDOCHROMINAE FROM PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Zootaxa 3140 © 2011 Magnolia Press · 51 As percentage of SL (based on holotype and 8 paratypes, 23.1–32.3 mm SL): head length 25.3 (24.6–28.1); orbit diameter 10.0 (8.7–11.1); snout length 5.9 (5.5–6.2); fleshy interorbital width 5.6 (4.9–5.9); bony interorbital width 3.8 (3.4–3.9); body width 12.2 (11.5–12.6); snout tip to posterior tip of retroarticular bone 12.8 (12.8–14.3); predorsal length 32.8 (31.9–34.8); prepelvic length 30.3 (30.7–32.7); posterior tip of retroarticular bone to pelvic- fin origin 18.8 (18.8–20.4); dorsal-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin 25.0 (23.4–25.9); dorsal-fin origin to middle dor-