FINAL REPORT FP7‐ENV‐2008‐1, no. 226442 0 Final Report ENNAH – European Network on Noise and Health EU Project no. 226442 FP-7-ENV-2008-1 Editors: Jurgita Lekaviciute, Stylianos Kephalopoulos, Stephen Stansfeld, Charlotte Clark 2013 Report EUR 25809 EN FINAL REPORT FP7‐ENV‐2008‐1, no. 226442 European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Health and Consumer Protection Contact information Stylianos Kephalopoulos Address: Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, TP 281, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy E‐mail: [email protected] Tel.: +39 0332 78 9871 Fax: +39 0332 78 5867 http://ihcp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ This publication is a Scientific and Policy Report by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. Legal Notice Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. 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Printed in Italy 2 FINAL REPORT FP7‐ENV‐2008‐1, no. 226442 With contributions from ENNAH WP leading teams: WP1 Stephen Stansfeld, Charlotte Clark (Queen Mary, University of London, UK) WP2 Anna Hansell, Helga Elvira Laszlo, Sarah Floud (Imperial College, London, UK) WP3 Danny Houthuijs, Wim Swart (RIVM, The Netherlands) WP4 Göran Pershagen, Charlotta Eriksson, Johanna Penell (Karolinska Institute, Sweden) WP5 Francesco Forastiere, Carla Ancona, Francesca Mataloni (ASL, Rome, Italy) Laura Perez, Nino Kuenzli (Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel, Switzerland) WP6 Stephen Stansfeld, Charlotte Clark (Queen Mary, University of London, UK) WP7 Stylianos Kephalopoulos, Jurgita Lekaviciute (European Commission, JRC) ENNAH coordinator: Professor Stephen A. Stansfeld and Dr Charlotte Clark Centre for Psychiatry Barts & the London School of Medicine Queen Mary, University of London, UK E‐mail: [email protected] / [email protected] ENNAH homepage: www.ennah.eu 3 FINAL REPORT FP7‐ENV‐2008‐1, no. 226442 4 FINAL REPORT FP7‐ENV‐2008‐1, no. 226442 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 1 INTRODUCTION AND POLICY BACKGROUND ............................................................................................... 9 2 ENNAH OBJECTIVES .............................................................................................................................................. 10 3 ENNAH MANAGEMENT (WP1) ......................................................................................................................... 12 3.1 ENNAH structure and description of work packages ......................................................................... 12 3.2 ENNAH deliverables and milestones ......................................................................................................... 15 4 ENNAH RESULTS .................................................................................................................................................... 20 4.1 Review of evidence of noise related health effects (WP 2) .............................................................. 20 4.1.1 Methodology used for the review...................................................................................................... 20 4.1.2 Summary of literature reviews on noise and health research .............................................. 22 4.1.3 Identified gaps in the literature on noise related health effects ........................................... 27 4.1.4 Survey ........................................................................................................................................................... 27 4.1.5 Conclusions and recommendations ................................................................................................. 30 4.2 Noise exposure assessment for health studies (WP 3) ...................................................................... 38 4.2.1 Introduction and objectives ................................................................................................................. 38 4.2.2 ENNAH WP 3 topics ................................................................................................................................ 38 4.2.3 Conclusions and recommendations ................................................................................................. 48 4.3 Confounding and effect modifying factors in noise related health research (WP 4) ............. 56 4.3.1 Identification of potentially important confounders/effect modifiers .............................. 56 4.3.2 Strategies for assessment, analysis and interpretation of the role of moderating factors in health‐related noise research ........................................................................................ 58 4.3.3 Confounding and effect modifiers in RANCH, HYENA and German noise studies ........ 61 4.3.4 Additional analyses of Swedish data ................................................................................................ 62 4.3.5 Conclusions and recommendations ................................................................................................. 63 4.4 Measurements of health outcomes in epidemiological studies on noise (WP 5a) ................. 68 4.4.1 Cardiovascular diseases ........................................................................................................................ 69 4.4.2 Biological indicators ............................................................................................................................... 70 4.4.3 Children’s health ....................................................................................................................................... 71 4.4.4 Respiratory diseases ............................................................................................................................... 72 4.4.5 General health status .............................................................................................................................. 73 4.4.6 Sleep .............................................................................................................................................................. 74 4.4.7 Mental health ............................................................................................................................................. 75 4.4.8 Conclusions and recommendations ................................................................................................. 77 4.5 European Health Impact Assessment (HIA) (WP 5b) ......................................................................... 81 4.5.1 Overview of ongoing HIA European activities ............................................................................. 82 4.5.2 HIA methodological approach ............................................................................................................ 83 4.5.3 Conclusions and recommendations ................................................................................................. 86 5 FINAL REPORT FP7‐ENV‐2008‐1, no. 226442 4.6 New strategies for noise and health research in Europe (WP 6) ................................................... 90 4.6.1 New directions for noise and coronary heart disease research ........................................... 92 4.6.2 New directions for noise and annoyance research .................................................................... 94 4.6.3 New directions for noise effects on hearing research .............................................................. 96 4.6.4 New directions for noise and sleep research ............................................................................... 98 4.6.5 New directions for noise and mental health research .............................................................. 99 4.6.6 New directions for noise exposure and children’s health research .................................. 100 4.6.7 New directions for noise effects on cognition research ......................................................... 101 5 ENNAH INFORMATION STRATEGY PLAN & DISSEMINATION (WP 7) ......................................... 106 5.1 Results of dissemination ............................................................................................................................... 106 5.1.1 ENNAH Website ...................................................................................................................................... 106 5.1.2 ENNAH Newsletters .............................................................................................................................. 106 5.1.3 ENNAH leaflets .......................................................................................................................................