PROPERTIES OF Aluminium Gallium Arsenide Edited by SADAO ADACHI Cunma university, Japan TEE U Contents Foreword to Properties of Aluminium Gallium Arsenide Introduction to Properties of Aluminium Gallium Arsenide Contributing Authors Acknowledgements Abbreviations 1. STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES D.Cherns, T.S.Kuan, N.S.Takahashi 1.1 Lattice parameters, molecular and crystal densities of AlGaAs 1.2 Long-range ordering in AlGaAs alloys 1.3 Lattice dislocations in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures 2. MECHANICAL, ELASTIC AND LATTICE VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES S.Adachi, W.D.Hunt, B.Jusserand 2.1 Elastic stiffness and compliance constants of AlGaAs 2.2 Sound velocities and elastic moduli of AlGaAs 2.3 Surface acoustic waves in AlGaAs 2.4 Optical phonons in AlGaAs 3. THERMAL PROPERTIES S.Adachi, N.S.Takahashi 3.1 Melting point, specific heat and Debye temperature of AlGaAs 3.2 Thermal expansion coefficients of AlGaAs 3.3 Thermal conductivity of AlGaAs 4. ENERGY-BAND STRUCTURE CONSEQUENCES S.Adachi, A.R.Adams, M.Missous, F.H.Pollak, V.A.Wilkinson 4.1 Energy gaps of AlGaAs 4.2 Electron effective mass in AlGaAs 4.3 Hole effective mass in AlGaAs 4.4 Conduction and valence band offsets at the GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure interface 4.5 Electronic deformation potentials of AlGaAs 4.6 Temperature effects on the energy band parameters of AlGaAs 4.7 Pressure effects on the energy band parameters of AlGaAs v 5. OPTICAL PROPERTIES 87 S.Adachi, W.Szuszkiewicz 5.1 Optical properties of AlGaAs: Reststrahlen region (discussion) 89 5.2 Optical properties of AlGaAs: Reststrahlen region (tables) 95 5.3 Optical properties of AlGaAs: Transparent region (discussion) 113 5.4 Optical properties of AlGaAs: Interband-transition region (discussion) 118 5.5 Optical properties of AlGaAs: Transparent and interband-transition regions 125 (tables) 5.6 Free carrier effects and intervalence-band absorption in AlGaAs 141 6. ELECTRO-OPTIC PROPERTIES 149 S.Adachi, C.C.Phillips, DJ.Robbins 6.1 Linear electro-optic effects in AlGaAs 151 6.2 Electro-optic effects in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures 155 6.3 Franz-Keldysh effect in AlGaAs 162 7. CARRIER TRANSPORT PROPERTIES 165 R.K.Ahrenkiel, H.L.Grubin, R.Gupta, K.Hess, M.B.Patil, U.Ravaioli, H.Sakaki, W.Walukiewicz 7.1 Low-field mobilities in AlGaAs alloys 167 7.2 Two-dimensional electron transport in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures 173 7.3 Two-dimensional hole transport in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures 179 7.4 Hot-electron transport in AlGaAs/GaAs quantum wells 186 7.5 High field transport and the Gunn effect in AlGaAs/GaAs structures 197 7.6 Real-Space transfer in AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunctions 214 7.7 Minority-carrier lifetime and diffusion length in AlGaAs 221 8. S URFACES, INTERFACES AND CONTACTS 225 H.L.Hartnagel, M.Missous, R.Riemenschneider, M.L.Timmons, J.Zhang 8.1 Surface structure of AlGaAs 227 8.2 Barrier height at the AlGaAs/metal interfaces 230 8.3 Surface and interface recombination velocities in AlGaAs 235 8.4 Surface oxidation and passivation of AlGaAs 238 9. IMPURITIES AND DEFECT CENTRES 243 L.Dobaczewski, J.M.Langer, D.Lee, L.Pavesi, A.R.Peaker, F.Saleemi 9.1 Photoluminescence spectra of AlGaAs 245 9.2 Defect energy levels in AlGaAs 269 9.3 DX defect centres in AlGaAs 27 8 9.4 Carrier concentrations in AlGaAs 289 9.5 Hydrogen passivation of impurity states and defects in AlGaAs 303 SUBJECT INDEX 317 vi .