Environmental Protection of International River Basins This project is implemented by a Consortium led by Hulla and Co. (EPIRB) HumanDynamics KG Contract No 2011/279-666, EuropeAid/131360/C/SER/Multi Project Funded by Ministry of Environment the European Union DRAFT THE PRUT RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN 2016 - 2021 Prepared in alignment to the EuropeanWater Framework Directive2000/60/EC Prepared by Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova Chisinau, 2015 Contents Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 5 1.General description of the Prut River Basin ................................................................................. 7 1.1. Natural conditions .......................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.1. Climate and vegetation................................................................................................................... 8 1.1.2. Geological structure and geomorphology ....................................................................................... 8 1.1.3. Surface water resources.................................................................................................................. 9 1.1.3.1. Rivers .............................................................................................................................. 9 1.1.3.2. Lakes and reservoirs ...................................................................................................... 11 1.1.4. Groundwaters .............................................................................................................................. 11 1.2. Delineation of water bodies .......................................................................................................... 12 1.2.1. Delineation of surface water bodies .............................................................................................. 12 1.2.2. Delineation of groundwater bodies ............................................................................................... 15 2. Significant pressures and impact estimation ............................................................................. 18 2.1. Types of Pressures ........................................................................................................................ 19 2.1.1. Population and demography ......................................................................................................... 19 2.1.2. Point source pollution .................................................................................................................. 21 2.1.2.1. Wastewater discharge ................................................................................................... 21 2.1.2.2. Estimation of point source pollution impact .................................................................. 22 2.1.3. Diffuse source pollution ............................................................................................................... 24 2.1.3.1. Agriculture and animal farming ..................................................................................... 24 2.1.3.2. Estimation of diffuse source pollution impact ................................................................ 25 2.1.4. Hydromorphological alterations ................................................................................................... 26 2.1.4.1. Water abstraction ........................................................................................................... 26 2.1.4.2. Reservoirs and flow regulation ...................................................................................... 29 2.1.4.3. Irrigation and drainage channels.................................................................................... 29 2.1.4.4. Flood protection (embankment) .................................................................................... 30 2.1.4.5. Estimation of hydromorphological alterations impact .................................................... 30 2.2. Assessment of RWBs at risk of failing the environmental objectives .......................................... 32 2.3. Pressure/impact analysis and risk assessment of lake water bodies ............................................ 34 3. Protected areas ........................................................................................................................... 36 4. The monitoring program and network ...................................................................................... 39 4.1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 39 4.2. Existing monitoring network of surface waters ........................................................................... 40 4.2.1. Chemical status of RWBs ............................................................................................................ 41 4.2.2. Chemical status of LWBs ............................................................................................................. 41 4.3. Surface waters monitoring according to the WFD 2000/60 ......................................................... 42 4.3.1. Sampling locations for surveillance monitoring programme ........................................................ 43 4.3.2. Sampling locations for operational monitoring programme .......................................................... 45 4.3.3. Monitoring frequency ................................................................................................................. 46 4.3.4. Quality Control and Quality Assurance ....................................................................................... 46 4.3.5. Monitoring system deficiencies ................................................................................................... 46 4.4. Ecological status/potential of river water bodies ......................................................................... 47 4.5. Existing groundwater monitoring network ................................................................................. 48 4.6. Proposed WFD compliant monitoring programme for GWBs................................................ 49 4.6.1. Quantitative monitoring ............................................................................................................... 50 4.6.2. Surveillance chemical monitoring ................................................................................................ 50 4.6.3. Operational monitoring ................................................................................................................ 51 4.6.4. Monitoring of drinking water protected areas ............................................................................... 52 4.6.5. Monitoring of abstractions ........................................................................................................... 52 4.6.6. Investigative monitoring .............................................................................................................. 52 5. Environmental objectives and exemptions................................................................................. 53 6. Economic analysis of water use .................................................................................................. 58 6.1. Water Resources Law Reglementation ........................................................................................ 58 6.2. Economic analysis of water supply and sewerage services .......................................................... 58 6.2.1 The production indices of water supply services .......................................................................... 58 6.2.2. The production indices of sewerage and wastewater treatment services ........................................ 61 6.2.3. Economic and financial analysis of water supply and sewerage services ....................................... 62 6.3. Economic and financial mechanism in the use and protection of water ..................................... 62 6.3.1. Taxes for water consumption ....................................................................................................... 63 6.3.2.Tariffs for public water supply and sewerage ................................................................................ 64 6.3.3. Tariff quotas for water supply, sewerage and waste water treatment ............................................. 65 6.4. Charges for water pollution.......................................................................................................... 68 6.4.1. Subsidies for rational use and protection of water resources .......................................................... 68 7. Programme of measures ............................................................................................................. 75 8. The public consultations graph .................................................................................................. 82 9. The competent authorities .......................................................................................................... 82 10. Points of contact .......................................................................................................................