2006 Academic Challenge BIOLOGY TEST - SECTIONAL – This Test Consists of 50 Questions – Biology Test Production Team Donna Ford, John A. Logan College – Author/Team Coordinator Julie Ellis, Kaskaskia College – Author Keith Krapf, John A. Logan College – Reviewer Don Wayman, WYSE – Coordinator of Test Production GENERAL DIRECTIONS Please read the following instructions carefully. This is a timed test; any instructions from the test supervisor should be followed promptly. The test supervisor will give instructions for filling in any necessary information on the answer sheet. Most Academic Challenge sites will ask you to indicate your answer to each question by marking an oval that corresponds to the correct answer for that question. Only one oval should be marked to answer each question. Multiple ovals will automatically be graded as an incorrect answer. Be sure ovals are marked as . Not as , , , etc. If you wish to change an answer, erase your first mark completely before marking your new choice. You are advised to use your time effectively and to work as rapidly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not waste your time on questions that are too difficult for you. Go on to the other questions and come back to the difficult ones later if you can. *** TIME: 40 MINUTES *** DO NOT OPEN TEST BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO! © 2006 Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering “WYSE”, “Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering” and the “WYSE Design” are service marks of and this work is Copyright © 2006 Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign. All rights reserved. WYSE – Academic Challenge Biology Test (Sectional) – 2006 1. What are molecules with the same number of each atom and different structural arrangements? a) isotopes b) isomers c) hydrocarbons d) polymers e) monomers 2. The splitting of ____ in photosynthesis is a major source of O2 in the atmosphere. a) acetyl CoA b) ATP c) NADPH d) C6H12O6 e) H2O 3. Skin color is a polygenic inherited trait. If dark skin tone is dominant over light skin tone, which of the genotypes would represent the darkest skin tone? a) AABbCCDD b) AaBBCcDd c) AABBccdd d) aaBbCcDd e) AaBbCcDd 4. Which of the following is a virus that uses bacterial cells in order to replicate? a) Bacteriophage b) AIDS c) E. coli d) Staphylococcus aureus e) none of the above 5. Which is not part of a cell’s true nucleus? a) nucleoid b) nucleolus c) nuclear pore d) nucleoplasm e) chromatin 6. Which of the following is not a product of cellular respiration? a) ATP b) NADH c) FADH2 d) NADPH e) H2O 7. What are small circular extra pieces of DNA which are sometimes found in bacterial cells and used as a vector in biotechnology procedures called? a) plasmids b) stem cells c) ligases d) probes e) ribosomes 8. A carbon atom has 6 protons, and a radioactive isotope of carbon has 8 neutrons. For this radioactive form of carbon, its atomic number is ____ and its atomic mass is ____. a) 8; 14 b) 6; 14 c) 14; 8 d) 2; 8 e) 6; 12 2006 Sectional Biology – 2 9. Which is/are true of gel electrophoresis? a) a current is conducted along the gel due to a buffer containing a salt solution b) molecules separate according to size and charge, and the larger molecules do not travel on the gel as far as smaller ones c) electropositive substances will migrate along the gel toward the anode d) both b and c e) all of the above 10. Jack has blue eyes and marries Jill who has brown eyes. Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes. If Jill’s father has blue eyes, what can this couple expect in their children? a) They have a 75% chance of having children with blue eyes and a 25% chance of having children with brown eyes. b) They have a 25% chance of having children with blue eyes and a 75% chance of having children with brown eyes. c) There is a 100% chance that they will have children with brown eyes and a 0% chance of having children with blue eyes. d) They have no chance of having children with brown eyes since Jack is homozygous recessive. e) They have a 50% chance of having children with blue eyes and a 50% chance of having a child with brown eyes. 11. An organ used by mollusks to scrape its food off surfaces in the environment is called the ____. a) radula b) foot c) cuticle d) coelom e) none of the above 12. Which of the following cell types contain a cell wall composed primarily of peptidoglycan? a) plant b) animal c) bacteria d) fungi e) none of the above 13. Which is not a nitrogenous base of RNA? a) guanine b) adenine c) thymine d) cytosine e) uracil 14. A typical dicot would have all of the following parts except a/an _____. a) pith b) vascular bundle c) cuticle d) spongy mesophyll e) epidermis 15. Primary succession would occur after ____. a) a forest fire b) a tornado c) an agricultural field is abandoned d) volcanic eruption e) all of the above 2006 Sectional Biology – 3 16. Match the examples of fruit in Column A with the fruit type in Column B. Column A Column B 1. Acorn i. Grain 2. Tomato ii. Nut 3. Apple iii. Berry 4. Wheat iv. Accessory fruit 5. Peach v. Drupe Select the most appropriate matching sequence: a) 1 – ii; 2 – iv; 3 – iii; 4 – i; 5 – v b) 1 – i; 2 – ii; 3 – iv; 4 – v; 5 – iii c) 1 – iii; 2 – i; 3 – ii; 4 – v; 5 – iv d) 1 – ii; 2 – iii; 3 – iv; 4 – i; 5 – v e) 1 – v; 2 – iv; 3 – iii; 4 – ii; 5 – i 17. Organic compounds contain at least one ____ atom. a) sulfur b) potassium c) carbon d) magnesium e) chlorine 18. Which is the longest stage of the cell cycle of a normal cell? a) prophase b) interphase c) metaphase d) anaphase e) telophase 19. The gametophyte generation is dominant in ____. a) ferns b) gymnosperms c) mosses d) angiosperms e) all of the above 20. The relationship between an epiphyte and a tree is an example of ____. a) mutualism b) parasitism c) parasitiodism d) ammensalism e) commensalism 21. Which of the following are composed of prokaryotic cells? a) rabies virus b) mildew c) leeches d) mosses e) nitrogen – fixing bacteria 2006 Sectional Biology – 4 22. In pea plants tall (T) is dominant to dwarf (t), round (R) is dominant to smooth (r), and yellow (Y) is dominant to green (y). Which of the following is a normal gamete for a heterozygous tall, heterozygous round and green pea plant? a) TtRryy b) TtRrYy c) try d) trY e) TRY 23. Which base or bases are purines of DNA? a) adenine b) guanine c) cytosine d) both a and b e) both b and c 24. The plasma membrane of a cell may change shape in order to engulf molecules. If the engulfed particles are large it is called ____, where as, if the cell is engulfing very small particles or liquid substances it is called ____. a) phagocytosis; pinocytosis b) pinocytosis; phagocytosis c) exocytosis; phagocytosis d) phagocytosis; exocytosis e) pinocytosis; exocytosis 25. In cattle, a white cow and a red bull produce a calf that has both reddish hair and white hair. This can best be explained by ____. a) codominant alleles b) incomplete dominant alleles c) complete dominant alleles d) epistasis e) X-linked traits 26. Which of the following characteristics is not usually associated with monocot plants? a) Xylem and phloem is present. b) Vascular bundles are in rings. c) Veins of the leaf are in a parallel pattern. d) Flora parts are in threes or multiple of threes. e) A fibrous root system is present. 27. Which of the following is/are products of the noncyclic light dependent pathway of photosynthesis? a) NADH b) NADPH c) FADH2 d) ATP e) both b and d 28. Which of the following monomers is not matched to their polymer? a) Nucleotide – DNA b) Glucose – Starch c) Amino acid – Hemoglobin or protein d) Fatty acid – Steroid e) Glucose – Glycogen 2006 Sectional Biology – 5 29. Which is/are secreted by the pancreas? a) insulin b) glycogen c) glucagon d) both a and b e) both a and c 30. Downs syndrome is usually caused by ____. a) a dominant trait b) a recessive trait c) an X- linked trait d) ocogenes e) nondisjunction 31. Match the following genetic crosses in Column A with their expected phenotypes in Column B. Column A Column B 1. TtRr x TtRr i. 3 : 1 2. ttrr x TtRr ii. 1 : 1 3. Rr x Rr iii. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 4. Rr x rr iv. 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 Select the most appropriate matching sequencing: a) 1 – iii; 2 – ii; 3 – i; 4 – iv b) 1 – iii; 2 – iv; 3 – i; 4 – ii c) 1 – iv; 2 – i; 3 – ii; 4 – iii d) 1 – ii; 2 – iii; 3 – iv; 4 – i e) 1 – iii; 2 – ii; 3 – i; 4 – iv 32. The following figure represents a phospholipid. The part labeled A is _____, while the part labeled B is _____. ← A ← B a) hydrophilic; hydrophobic b) the tail; the head c) the head; the tail d) Both a and b are correct. e) Both a and c are correct. 2006 Sectional Biology – 6 33. Which researcher cloned the first adult mammal, named Dolly, in 1997? a) Ian Wilmut b) Francis Collins c) Alfred Wallace d) Gregor Mendel e) James Watson 34.