Oikos OIK-05090 Herben, T., Klimešová, J. and Chytrý, M. 2018. Philip Grime's fourth corner: are there plant species adapted to high disturbance and low productivity? – Oikos doi: 10.1111/oik.05090 Appendix 1 Lists of species with optima under high disturbance severity or frequency Species occurring under high disturbance severity (>0.66) and low productivity (Ellenberg N<4) Adonis aestivalis Kickxia elatine Bromus japonicus Kickxia spuria Digitaria ischaemum Myosotis discolor Galium tricornutum Rhinanthus alectorolophus Gypsophila muralis Veronica praecox Herniaria glabra Species occurring under high disturbance severity (>0.66) and high productivity (Ellenberg N>6) Amaranthus albus Leonurus cardiaca Amaranthus retroflexus Lolium multiflorum Artemisia vulgaris Lolium perenne Atriplex patula Malva neglecta Atriplex sagittata Matricaria discoidea Carduus acanthoides Mercurialis annua Cirsium arvense Onopordum acanthium Datura stramonium Persicaria lapathifolia Echinochloa crus-galli Persicaria maculosa Elymus repens Poa annua Erysimum cheiranthoides Poa supina Euphorbia helioscopia Portulaca oleracea Euphorbia peplus Ranunculus sardous Fumaria officinalis Senecio vulgaris Galinsoga parviflora Setaria verticillata Galinsoga quadriradiata Setaria viridis Geranium pusillum Silene latifolia Geranium pyrenaicum Sisymbrium officinale Hyoscyamus niger Solanum nigrum agg. Chenopodium ficifolium Sonchus asper Chenopodium glaucum Sonchus oleraceus Chenopodium hybridum Stellaria media agg. Chenopodium polyspermum Urtica urens Lamium amplexicaule Veronica agrestis Lamium purpureum Veronica hederifolia agg. Lapsana communis Veronica persica Veronica polita Species occurring under high disturbance frequency (once in 1.4 years or more often) and low productivity (Ellenberg N<4) Adonis aestivalis Isolepis setacea Allium angulosum Juncus ranarius Armeria elongata subsp. elongata Kickxia elatine Astragalus cicer Kickxia spuria Astragalus danicus Koeleria glauca Bromus hordeaceus Linum tenuifolium Bromus japonicus Meum athamanticum Cerastium pumilum agg. Odontites luteus Coleanthus subtilis Onobrychis arenaria Coronilla vaginalis Onobrychis viciifolia Corynephorus canescens Petrorhagia prolifera Digitaria ischaemum Ranunculus bulbosus Erophila verna Rhinanthus alectorolophus Filago minima Rhinanthus minor Gagea bohemica Stipa tirsa Gypsophila muralis Veronica verna Herniaria glabra Vicia lathyroides Species occurring under high disturbance frequency (once in 1.4 years or more often) and high productivity (Ellenberg N>6) Amaranthus albus Pulicaria vulgaris Amaranthus retroflexus Ranunculus sardous Atriplex patula Setaria verticillata Datura stramonium Setaria viridis Echinochloa crus-galli Sisymbrium officinale Erysimum cheiranthoides Solanum nigrum agg. Euphorbia helioscopia Sonchus asper Euphorbia peplus Sonchus oleraceus Fumaria officinalis Trifolium fragiferum Galinsoga parviflora Urtica urens Galinsoga quadriradiata Veronica agrestis Geranium columbinum Veronica persica Geranium pusillum Veronica polita Geranium pyrenaicum Hyoscyamus niger Chenopodium ficifolium Chenopodium glaucum Chenopodium polyspermum Lamium amplexicaule Lolium multiflorum Lolium perenne Malva neglecta Matricaria discoidea Mercurialis annua Persicaria maculosa Portulaca oleracea .