Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1980 Endosymbiosis in the Caecum of the Southern Green Stink Bug, Nezara Viridula (L.). Robert Paul West Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation West, Robert Paul, "Endosymbiosis in the Caecum of the Southern Green Stink Bug, Nezara Viridula (L.)." (1980). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3575. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3575 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfîlming. 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Universify Microfilms International 300 N. 2EEB ROAD, ANN ARBOR, Ml 48106 18 BEDFORD ROW, LONDON WCIR 4EJ, ENGLAND Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. 8110429 WEST, ROBERT PAUL ENDOSYMBIOSIS IK THE CAECUM OF THE SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG, NEZARA VIRIDULA (L.) The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Col. PH.D. I98O University Microfilms I nternstionsi 300 N. Zeet Road, Ann Arbor, M I 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark . 1. Glossy photographs 2. Colored illu stration s 3. Photographs with dark background \ / ^ 4. Illustrations are poor copy ________ 5. °rin t shows through as there is text on both sides of page 6. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages _______ 7. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine 8, Computer printout pages with indistinct print 9. Page(s) _____ lacking when material received, and not available from school or author 10. Page(s) ________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows 11. Poor carbon copy ________ 12. Not original copy, several pages with blurred type 13. Appendix pages are poor copy ________ 14. Original copy with lig h t type ________ 15. Curling and wrinkled pages ________ 16. Other U n ive rsi^ M icrdTilm s Internationa! 300 Z=== PD.. A^’N AaaOP Ml ^3106'313: 751--700 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Endosymbiosis in the Caecum of the Southern Green Stink Bug, Nezara v irid u la ( L .) A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and A gricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements fo r the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Entomology by Robert Paul West B .S ., Clemson U niversity, 1973 M .S., Clemson U niversity, 1975 December 1980 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. DEDICATION To my Lord and Savior, JESUS CHRIST, through whom I was able to complete this work and to whom all the honor for i t should be given. n Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest appreciation to Dr. L. D. Newsom, my major professor, and Dr. A. D. Larson (Department of Microbiology), my minor professor, fo r co-directing this work. Dr. Larson was responsible for initiating my interest in this study and for guidance and encouragement at those d if fic u lt times which occur during a ll research. Dr. Newsom allowed a great deal of freedom in my studies and was a constant source of genuine in teres t and encouragement. I am also grateful to my committee members. Dr. A. M. Hammond, Dr. B. H. Wilson, and Dr. S. D. Hensley for their advice and their review of this manuscript. I would also like to express my gratitude to Mrs. Karen Howard, Dr. Rod Nelson, and Dr. M. D. Socolofsky (a ll from the Department of Microbiology) for their assistance with various facets of the electron microscopy and interpretation of the resulting micrographs. I would like to thank Dr. Bill Henk of the School of Veterinary Medicine for the use o f th e ir Zeiss 10 transmission electron microscope and fo r his assistance and suggestions during that time. I would lik e to express special thanks to Kyle Hranitzky for his assistance in identifying the caecal isolates. I reserve my final and inexpressible appreciation to my wife, Judy, who has personified love during this endeavor by bearing all things, believing all things, hoping all things, and enduring all things. Like love, she never fails — to enrich and bless my life continually. i i i Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... i i i TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................... v ii LIST OF FIG URES.......................................................................................................v iii ABSTRACT................................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER I - Electron Microscopy of the Caecum of the Southern Green Stink Bug, Nezara v irid u la ( L . ) ............................. 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS .............................................................................. 5 Stink b u g s ............................................................................................... 5 Preparation for SEM .......................................................................... 5 Preparation for TE M .......................................................................... 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .............................................................................. 7 SEM of the midgut and hin d g u t........................................................ 7 SEM of the caecum.............................................................................. 12 SEM of the caecum from diapausing stink bugs ........................... 18 TEM of the caecum.............................................................................. 19 REFERENCES CITED ........................................................................................... 23 CHAPTER II - Isolation and Characterization of the Caecal Bacteria of Nezara v irid u la ( L . ) ....................................................... 25 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 26 MATERIALS AND METHODS .............................................................................. 28 Isolation of the caecal bacteria ................................................... 28 Production of antisera ...................................................................... 29 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Page Agglutination titers .......................................................................... 29 Characterization and identification of the isolates .... 30 Ferritin-antibody labelling