Unicenter CA-Sort for VSE Systems Programmer Guide 9.0 This documentation and related computer software program (hereinafter referred to as the “Documentation”) is for the end user’s informational purposes only and is subject to change or withdrawal by Computer Associates International, Inc. (“CA”) at any time. This documentation may not be copied, transferred, reproduced, disclosed or duplicated, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of CA. This documentation is proprietary information of CA and protected by the copyright laws of the United States and international treaties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, licensed users may print a reasonable number of copies of this documentation for their own internal use, provided that all CA copyright notices and legends are affixed to each reproduced copy. Only authorized employees, consultants, or agents of the user who are bound by the confidentiality provisions of the license for the software are permitted to have access to such copies. This right to print copies is limited to the period during which the license for the product remains in full force and effect. Should the license terminate for any reason, it shall be the user’s responsibility to return to CA the reproduced copies or to certify to CA that same have been destroyed. To the extent permitted by applicable law, CA provides this documentation “as is” without warranty of any kind, including without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or noninfringement. In no event will CA be liable to the end user or any third party for any loss or damage, direct or indirect, from the use of this documentation, including without limitation, lost profits, business interruption, goodwill, or lost data, even if CA is expressly advised of such loss or damage. The use of any product referenced in this documentation and this documentation is governed by the end user’s applicable license agreement. The manufacturer of this documentation is Computer Associates International, Inc. Provided with “Restricted Rights” as set forth in 48 C.F.R. Section 12.212, 48 C.F.R. Sections 52.227-19(c)(1) and (2) or DFARS Section 252.227-7013(c)(1)(ii) or applicable successor provisions. 2002 Computer Associates International, Inc. (CA) All trademarks, trade names, service marks, and logos referenced herein belong to their respective companies. Contents About This Guide ..................................... v Chapter 1. Program Organization . 1-1 1.1 Overview . 1-1 1.2 Phases . 1-2 Chapter 2. Installation Options . 2-1 2.1 The CASORT Option Macro ............................ 2-1 Chapter 3. SORTPARM - Overriding Unicenter CA-Sort Parameters ..... 3-1 3.1 Overview . 3-1 3.2 Method of Operation ................................. 3-2 3.3 User Considerations . 3-3 3.4 Examples . 3-4 Chapter 4. Performance Considerations . 4-1 4.1 Optimization Aids . 4-1 4.2 Main Storage Calculations .............................. 4-5 4.3 Unicenter CA-Sort Dataspace Support and the CA90PSTA Utility Program .. 4-9 Chapter 5. Running Unicenter CA-Sort Under CMS/DOS ............ 5-1 5.1 Overview . 5-1 5.2 Modifying Installation Options (CASORT Macro) ................ 5-2 5.3 Displaying Unicenter CA-Sort Product Options (SRTCHECK Program) .... 5-3 5.4 Using Unicenter CA-Sort Under CMS/DOS .................... 5-4 5.5 Executing Unicenter CA-Sort for CMS/DOS .................... 5-6 5.6 Applying Maintenance . 5-7 Chapter 6. Troubleshooting . 6-1 6.1 Overview . 6-1 6.2 Diagnostic Procedures . 6-2 6.3 Product Releases and Maintenance ........................ 6-12 6.4 Requesting Enhancements . 6-12 Index . X-1 Contents iii iv Unicenter CA-Sort Systems Programmer Guide About This Guide This guide serves as the primary reference for the Systems Programmer after Unicenter CA-Sort has been installed. Organization of Manual Chapter Description 1 Describes Unicenter CA-Sort sort/merge program organization. 2 Lists installation options and contains instructions for modifying them using the CASORT option macro. 3 Describes user exits, which allow you to modify the supplied code to meet your data center's standards. 4 Covers performance considerations, optimization aids and main storage allocation. 5 Explains how to use Unicenter CA-Sort in a CMS/DOS environment. 6 Provides debugging methods and lists the information needed by Computer Associates to diagnose problems. Index Provides a quick way to locate specific material. About This Guide v Summary of Revisions Unicenter CA-Sort 9.0 allows the use of data spaces as work files. Users may now elect to use data spaces instead of work files. This feature can be implemented using the new DSPSIZE parameter available on the CASORT macro and on the Unicenter CA-Sort OPTION control statement. vi Unicenter CA-Sort Systems Programmer Guide Unicenter CA-Sort and Unicenter CA-SRAM Publications In addition to this guide, the following publications are supplied with Unicenter CA-Sort: Name Contents Unicenter CA-Sort Installation Guide Installation procedure to install Unicenter CA-Sort Unicenter CA-Sort User Guide Complete information on all of Unicenter CA-Sort available to the general user, and command syntax. Unicenter CA-Sort/Unicenter CA-SRAM Error messages and return codes. For Message Guide each message an appropriate reason and possible actions are listed. Unicenter CA-SRAM User Guide Complete information on all of Unicenter CA-SRAM available to the general user, including command syntax. Unicenter CA-SRAM Installation Guide Installation procedure to install Unicenter CA-SRAM. Unicenter CA-SRAM Systems Planning, installation, and maintenance Programmer Guide procedures. All guides are updated as required. Instructions accompany each update package. Technical changes are identified by a revision bar (|) in the left margin. Revision bars are not used for editorial changes and new manuals. About This Guide vii Related Publications The following publications relate to Unicenter CA-Sort and are available from Computer Associates: ■ CA-CIS documentation set The following publications are not produced by Computer Associates but are referenced in this publication or recommended reading: ■ IBM's Using VSE/VSAM Commands And Macros ■ IBM's Using VSE/VSAM Space Management For SAM ■ IBM's VSE/ESA Data Management Concepts ■ IBM's VSE/ESA Macro Reference ■ IBM's VSE/ESA Macro Users Guide ■ IBM's VSE/ESA System Management Guide ■ IBM's VSE/ESA System Control Statements ■ IBM's VSE/VSAM Programmer's Reference viii Unicenter CA-Sort Systems Programmer Guide Command Notation Enter the following exactly as they appear in command descriptions: UPPERCASE Identifies commands, keywords, keyword values and operators which must be coded exactly as shown. MIXed Cases Identifies command abbreviations. The uppercase letters are the minimum abbreviation; lowercase letters are optional. Delimiters , ( ) = and blanks The following clarify command syntax; do not type these as they appear: lowercase Indicates keyword values which you must supply. [ ] Identifies optional keywords. { } Requires choosing one of the keywords specified. | Separates alternative keywords or values. Choose one. ... Means the preceding value may be repeated more than once. Sample Command Explanation SORT SORT is operator keyword. [WORK={n|DA}] WORK is optional operand. You must either give a value for n or specify DA. About This Guide ix x Unicenter CA-Sort Systems Programmer Guide Chapter 1. Program Organization 1.1 Overview The Unicenter CA-Sort system is fully relocatable, may be executed in any VSE partition and optimizes virtual storage management. Initiation of Unicenter CA-Sort is under the user's control; execution may be started either by the EXEC job control statement in the application JCL, or by invoking Unicenter CA-Sort in any programming language. Chapter 1. Program Organization 1-1 1.2 Phases The Unicenter CA-Sort program consists of 4 parts (phases). Each part is loaded from the core image library and adapted internally according to the sort/merge techniques defined by the user. Phase 0 (Initialization and Optimization Phase) Phase 0 will be executed in every SORT and MERGE execution. During this phase, the JCL and control statements submitted (or the parameter list for invoked sorts or merges) will be checked for errors in syntax or conflicts with system information. Error messages will be printed on the printer and console if detected. In addition, the sorting environment is checked carefully and, internally, execution variables and capacity estimates are made based upon the CPU, storage available, disk devices on the system, and other similar factors. In general, Unicenter CA-Sort optimizes itself to run most efficiently using information gathered in this phase. Phase 1 (Input and Internal Sorting Phase) Phase 1 will be executed in every SORT execution. During this phase, the input files are opened and records are read and placed into sorted sequences called 'strings' in memory. A new string is begun when a record will not logically follow the previous record in sequence. Whenever possible, Unicenter CA-Sort attempts to keep these strings entirely in memory, thus avoiding the use of intermediate work files. If there is not enough storage in the partition to contain all the strings, the work file is then opened and the sorted sequences written to it. The creation of sorted strings from the input data is the primary function of Phase 1. Phase 2 (Intermediate Merge Phase) Phase 2 will be performed only for SORT executions where the number of strings created in Phase 1 is greater than the 'merge order.' Merge order is the maximum number of strings that may be combined at a time and is related to the amount of memory available. The main purpose of Phase 2 is to merge short strings into longer ones, thus reducing the total number of strings. Phase 2 will end when the number of strings remaining is less than the merge order and can be merged into a single string during the output phase.