High Yield Guide to Disability Resources By Suchita Rastogi & Maїgane Diop What Is Disability? CDC: “A disability is any condition of the body or mind (impairment) that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to do certain activities (activity limitation) and interact with the world around them (participation restrictions).” WHO: Disability arises from “the interaction between a person’s health condition or impairment and the multitude of influencing factors in their environment.” Disability is Diverse! Examples Include... ● Mental illness: e.g., depression, anxiety, bipolar, PTSD, adjustment disorder, eating disorder ● Chronic illness: e.g., diabetes, heart disease, lupus, IBD, RA, genetic diseases ● Mobility impairments e.g., para/quadriplegic, amputation, dependence on wheelchair/walker/cane ● Sensory impairments e.g., Deaf, hard of hearing, blind, visual impairment, color blindness ● Cognitive/learning disabilities e.g., dyslexia, ADHD, autism, dementia Disability Is Diverse! (continued) Invisible Disability: Umbrella term that captures a whole spectrum of disabilities that are not immediately apparent, i.e. visual or auditory disabilities, chronic pain, chronic fatigue, mental illness, etc.(www.disabled-world.com) Temporary Disability: Temporary illnesses or injuries that significantly impair daily life and activities. (www.ssd.umich.edu) Intersectionality: Disability doesn’t discriminate. It can be found in people from any other affinity group. As a result, one person can have a disability and belong to another marginalized group(s) at the same time. In addition, one’s background (cultural, socioeconomic, etc.) impacts how a person experiences their disability (e.g., acceptance, access to resources, etc.) Disability Comes with Disparities Infographic by Angie Nguyen, Social Media Assistant for the Thompson Policy Institute of Chapman University Disability Comes with Disparities - COVID-19 People with disabilities have suffered disproportionately during the pandemic. ● Less likely to get care when health systems overloaded (triaging favors the non-disabled) ● More likely to contract COVID due to... ○ Use of home help and aides ○ Living in group homes ○ Having pre-existing conditions ● Loss of services that people with disabilities use for basic functioning, e.g.... ○ Day programs ○ Home help and aides Adapted from P. Poullos Stanford PM&R Grand Rounds June 10, 2020 Disability Inclusion: What Are the Rules? Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and ADA Amendment Act (ADAAA): Prohibit discrimination on the basis of disability in employment, public venues, transportation, state and local government services, telecommunications, and private entities that are not private clubs or religious entities Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973: Prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability by employers and organizations with federal funding (including medical schools!) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): Designates disability status as a demographic category, mandates data collection to assess health disparities among individuals with disabilities, provides access to high quality and affordable health care to people with disabilities, and mandates accessible preventative screening equipment for people with disabilities, among other requirements and procedures Disability Inclusion: What Are the Rules? (continued) Disability Interest and Advocacy Groups at SMS Stanford Medicine Abilities Coalition (SMAC) http://med.stanford.edu/smac.html. Medical Students with Disability and Chronic Illness (MSDCI) https://med.stanford.edu/smsa/student-life/student-orgs/msdci.html Biosciences graduate student disability interest group (GCDI) https://disability.stanford.edu/community/students/student-groups Stanford Disability Initiative (SDI) https://disability.stanford.edu/ Resources for Students at SMS with Disabilities Office of Accessible Education (OAE) Carleigh Kude is the disability advisor for all MD and MD/PhD students. Register at https://oae.stanford.edu/. ● Emotional Support Animals: an accommodation available upon request, see https://oae.stanford.edu/students/types- accommodations/housing-accommodations/support-animals-stanford-student-housing Vaden Health Center Mental Health Services ● Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS): Call 650-723-3785 or make an appointment through the Vaden patient portal. ● Confidential Support Team (CST): For trauma survivors and their friends. Call 650-736-6933 (business line) or 650-725-9955 (24/7 hotline), or make an appointment through Vaden patient portal. Student Resource Provided to Supplement The Guide to Assisting Students with Disabilities (Lisa Meeks and Neera Jain) Crash course in how to navigate medical/graduate school professionally with a disability https://www.springerpub.com/media/springer-downloads/9780826123749_Student-Resource.pdf. Respectful Environment and Mistreatment Committee (REMC) Addresses mistreatment. Report incidents of mistreatment via MedHub (https://stanford.medhub.com/index.mh), the hospital SAFE reporting system. Want to Learn More about Disability Inclusion? Check Out These Resources! WHO: https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab=tab_1 CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/index.html Books: Lane Library’s curated list https://laneguides.stanford.edu/multicultural-health/disability-health Podcasts: Docs with Disabilities https://directory.libsyn.com/shows/view/id/docswithdisabilities Video Modules: Working with Students with Disabilities https://sds.ucsf.edu/working-students-disabilities More Disability Inclusion Resources - Medical School AAMC Report on Best Inclusion Practices: https://store.aamc.org/downloadable/download/sample/sample_id/249/ NIH T32 Grant/MSTP Program Guide for Recruitment and Retention of Students with Disabilities: https://www.nigms.nih.gov/training/diversity/Documents/Disabilities-recuitment-and-retention-MSTPs.pdf Articles: ● Meeks, Poullos, and Swenor. Creative Approaches to the Inclusion of Medical Students With Disabilities. AEM Educ Train. 2019 Dec 24;4(3):292-297. doi: 10.1002/aet2.10425 ● Meeks et al. Realizing a Diverse and Inclusive Workforce: Equal Access for Residents With Disabilities. J Grad Med Educ (2019) 11 (5): 498–503. Doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-19-00286.1 ● Van Hentenryck. Growing Pains. JAMA. 2020;324(8):745-746. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13442. ● Rastogi. Establishing Equity in Medical Education - Supporting Clinical Trainees with Disabilities. NEJM 2021; 384:885-887. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp2035279 ● Lisa Meeks’s Publications: https://www.meeksresearchgroup.com/publications Books: ● Meeks, Jain, and Laird. Equal Access for Students with Disabilities : The Guide for Health Science and Professional Education, Second Edition. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/stanford- ebooks/detail.action?docID=6403163 ● Connor, Ferri, and Annamma. DisCrit—Disability Studies and Critical Race Theory in Education. https://ebookcentral- proquest-com.laneproxy.stanford.edu/lib/stanford-ebooks/detail.action?docID=4513496 More Disability Inclusion Resources - Graduate School Blogs: ● Disabled in Grad School: History and Progress. https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/gradhacker/disabled-graduate-school- history-and-progress ● Disabled Researchers are Vital to the Strength of Science. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/voices/disabled-researchers-are-vital-to- the-strength-of-science1/ Articles: ● Hartman. Disability inclusion enhances Science. Science 08 Nov 2019: Vol. 366, Issue 6466, pp. 698. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz0271 ● Tuosto et al. Making Science More Accessible. Science 03 Jan 2020: Vol. 367, Issue 6473, pp. 34-35. DOI: 10.1126/science.aba6129 ● Brown. Disability Awareness: The Fight for Accessibility. Nature 2016: volume 532, pages 137–139. DOI: 10.1038/nj7597-137a.