THE HIGH COURT (1) Record No. 2015/696/JR Between COLM MOORE Applicant – and – THE MINISTER FOR ARTS, HERITAGE AND THE GAELTEACHT Respondent – and – CHARTERED LAND LIMITED Notice Party 1 (2) Record No. 2016/51/MCA Between COLM MOORE Applicant – and – THE MINISTER FOR ARTS, HERITAGE AND THE GAELTEACHT First Named Respondent – and – CHARTERED LAND LIMITED Second Named Respondent 2 (3) Record No. 2015/387/MCA Between COLM MOORE Applicant – and – THE MINISTER FOR ARTS, HERITAGE AND THE GAELTEACHT Respondent 3 JUDGMENT of Mr Justice Max Barrett delivered on 18th March, 2016. TABLE OF CONTENTS (Numbers in square brackets are paragraph numbers) PART 1 1916 Chapter 1 Nurse O’Farrell [1] A. 27th April, 1916. [1] B. 28th April, 1916. [2] C. 29th April, 1916. [8] D. 30th April, 1916. [27] Chapter 2 The Wider Picture [28] A. The GPO Garrison. [28] B. Evacuation of the GPO. [30] C. The O’Rahilly’s Attack. [31] D. The Main Evacuation. [41] 4 E. Crossing Moore Lane. [46] F. ‘Holed Up’ in Moore Street. [51] Chapter 3 The Civilian Experience [64] A. Overview. [64] B. Civilian Deaths in Moore Street. [66] C. The Deaths of Two Children. [71] D. Conclusion. [74] Chapter 4 The British Perspective [75] Notes to Part 1 [after 82] PART 2 TIMELINE Chapter 5 A Useful Summary Timeline [83] A. Overview. [83] B. Summary Timeline. [83] 5 PART 3 SOME PRELIMINARY MATTERS Chapter 6 The Parties Involved [84] Chapter 7 Alleged Abuse of Process Arising [87] PART 4 THE JUDICIAL REVIEW APPLICATION Chapter 8 Netting the Issues Arising [90] Chapter 9 The Reliefs Sought by Mr Moore [95] Chapter 10 Some Unique Features Presenting [96] A. Some contentions by the Minister. [96] i. The Uniqueness of the Easter Rising. [100] ii. The Uniqueness of the GPO. [101] iii. The Uniqueness of the Moore Street Battle-Site. [102] B. The Unique Significance of this Case. [103] 6 C. Consequences? [104] Chapter 11 The Act of 1930: Overview [105] Chapter 12 National Monuments, Monuments, Battle-Sites and Access [110] A. What is a “national monument”? [110] B. What is a “monument”? [114] i. Definition of “monument”. [115] ii. Remains and traces. [120] C. Can a battle-site be a monument? [124] D. Means of Access. [130] Chapter 13 Determination, Protection, Preservation and Access [131] A. Determination of what constitutes a ‘national monument’. [131] B. Protection and Preservation of national monuments. [135] i. Section 8 of the Act of 1930. [135] ii. Section 12 of the Act of 1930. [139] iii. Section 14 of the Act of 1930. [142] Chapter 14 The Impugned Consent [144] A. Non-compliance with terms of consent. [144] B. Lack of Standing to Claim Consent Had Lapsed? [153] 7 Chapter 15 Revocation of Impugned Consent [155] Chapter 16 Delay [159] Chapter 17 Jurisdiction to Make Declaration as to National Monument Status? [163] Chapter 18 The Venice Charter [168] Chapter 19 The Extent of the National Monument at Moore Street, as recognised by the Minister [172] Chapter 20 The Historical Importance of Moore Street and Its Environs [177] A. Overview. [177] B. The Affidavit Evidence of Mr Kelly. [179] C. The Affidavit Evidence of Mr Bateson. [180] D. The Affidavit Evidence of Mr Coogan. [181] Chapter 21 The View of the National Museum [182] A. Dr Wallace’s Letter. [182] B. Dr Lynam’s Letter. [183] Chapter 22 Mr Broderick’s Report or No. 18 Reconsidered [186] Chapter 23 Mr Hosford’s Report or What Brickwork Can Tell Us [190] 8 Chapter 24 Mr Hennessy’s Affidavit Evidence or Of Numbers and Ruins [192] A. Overview. [192] B. Nos. 10–25. [193] C. Nos. 18 and 19. [194] Chapter 25 Mr Allen’s Affidavit Evidence or Why Nos. 14–17? [197] Chapter 26 The Affidavit Evidence of Mr Cumming and Ms Donnelly or A Review of Nos. 13 and 18 [240] A. Overview. [240] B. No. 13. [242] C. No. 18. [243] Chapter 27 The Affidavit Evidence of Ms Lynch and Mr Colreavy [244] A. Is there a ‘Moore Street Battle-Site’? [244] B. A Question of Architecture? [246] C. Three Suggested Reasons why there is No Battlefield Site. [248] D. Interaction of planning law and the National Monuments Acts. [252] E. An overall assessment of the Affidavit Evidence of Ms Lynch and Mr Colreavy. [254] 9 Chapter 28 The Garland Report or The Cellar and Certain Remains [260] A. Overview. [260] B. The Cellar Behind No. 14. [261] C. Certain Remains. [263] Chapter 29 Comments on Specific Properties: Overview [266] Chapter 30 Nos. 10–11 [269] A. The Historical Importance of No. 10. [269] B. Past Voices. [271] 1. Elizabeth O’Farrell. [272] 2. Eamonn Bulfin. [273] 3. Feargus de Búrca. [274] 4. Patrick Caldwell. [275] 5. Ruadhrí Henderson. [276] 6. Seán McLoughlin. [277] 7. Seamus Robinson. [278] 8. Desmond Ryan. [279] 9. Michael Staines. [280] 10. Liam Tannam. [281] 11. Oscar Traynor. [282] B. The State of Condition of Nos. 10–11 at the time of the Myles Report. [283] C. Summary of Position as Regards No. 10. [285] 10 Chapter 31 Nos. 11–12 [287] Chapter 32 Nos. 12–13 [290] A. State of Condition of Nos. 12–13 at the time of the Myles Report. [290] B. Summary of Position as regards No. 12. [293] C. Summary of Position as Regards No. 13. [294] Chapter 33 Nos. 14–17 [297] Chapter 34 Nos. 18–19 [298] A. The State of Condition of Nos. 18–19 at the time of the Myles Report. [298] B. Summary of Position as Regards No. 18. [299] C. Summary of Position as Regards No. 19. [301] Chapter 35 Nos. 20–21 (O’Hanlon’s) [305] A. Past Voices. [305] 1. Eamonn Bulfin. [306] 2. Feargus de Búrca. [307] 3. Seán McLoughlin. [308] 4. Liam Tannam. [309] 5. Oscar Traynor. [310] B. State of Condition of Nos. 20–21 at the time of the Myles Report. [311] 11 C. Summary of Position as Regards Nos. 20–21. [312] . Chapter 36 Nos. 22/23–24/25 [314] A. Past Voices. [314] 1. Feargus de Búrca. [315] 2. Ruaidhrí Henderson. [316] 3. Diarmuid Lynch. [317] 4. Seán McLoughlin. [318] 5. Seamus Robinson. [319] 6. Michael Staines. [320] 7. Liam Tannam. [321] 8. Oscar Traynor. [322] B. State of Condition of Nos. 22–25 at the time of the Myles Report. [323] Chapter 37 Henry Place and Places Thereon [324] A. Voices from the Past. [324] 1. Frank Henderson. [325] 2. Ruaidhrí Henderson. [326] 3. Diarmuid Lynch. [327] 4. Seán McLoughlin. [328] 5. Seamus Robinson. [329] 6. Desmond Ryan. [330] 7. Michael Staines. [331] 8. Liam Tannam. [332] 12 B. O’Brien’s Mineral Water Works Building [333] C. State of Condition of O’Brien & Co. Bottling Stores at the time of the Myles Report. [335] D. State of Condition of the ‘White House’ (10, Moore Place) at the time of the Myles Report. [339] E. State of Condition of O’Brien’s Stables and Hay Loft at the time of the Myles Report. [342] Chapter 38 Moore Lane [344] Chapter 39 O’Rahilly Parade [347] A. Past Voices. [347] 1. Elizabeth O’Farrell. [348] 2. Seán McLoughlin. [349] 3. Michael Staines. [350] B. State of Condition of O’Rahilly Parade at the time of the Myles Report. [351] Chapter 40 The Moore Street Battle-Site? [352] A. A Visit to Moore Street. [352] B. Evidence Supporting the Concept of a Moore Street Battle-Site. [359] Chapter 41 Some Key Conclusions as to National Monument Status [365] 13 PART 5 THE FIRST SECTION 160 PROCEEDINGS Chapter 42 What Mr Moore Seeks [369] Chapter 43 Section 160 of the Act of 2000 [370] Chapter 44 An Aside on ‘Saving Provisions’ and Dual Régimes [372] A. Overview. [372] B. ‘Saving provisions’. [373] C. Dual Operation. [376] Chapter 45 Section 260 of the Act of 2000 [380] Chapter 46 The Substance of the Present Application [399] A. Overview. [399] B. Planning Permission. [400] C. Ministerial Consent, as revised. [406] D. Differences between Planning Permission and Ministerial Consent, as revised. [411] Chapter 47 The Evidence of Mr Pearson Evans [415] 14 Chapter 48 The Evidence of Mr Allen [416] Chapter 49 The Evidence of Ms Shaffrey [417] Chapter 50 The Evidence and Report of Mr Ryan [418] Chapter 51 Material Differences in Works [420] A. Overview. [420] B. Material Differences in Relation to Works. [421] Chapter 52 Material Differences in Relation to Use [425] Chapter 53 Non-Compliance with Conditions of Permission [428] Chapter 54 Breach of Sequence of Permitted Development [437] Chapter 55 Severability [444] A. Overview. [444] B. Summary of reasons why severance is objectionable. [445] i. Permission granted for development as a whole. [446] a. Site notices and planning applications. [447] b. Planning inspector’s report. [448] c. The Little Report of April 2011. [450] d. Reasons and Considerations of An Bord Pleanála. [451] ii. Demolition of Nos. 13, 18 and 19. [454] 15 Chapter 56 Case-law on Severability [455] Chapter 57 Construction of Condition 5 [463] A. Overview. [463] B. Interpretation of planning conditions. [467] Chapter 58 The Detail of Condition 5 [470] Chapter 59 Environmental Impact Assessment Requirements [473] Chapter 60 The Court’s Discretion; a Consideration of Leading Case-Law [479] A. Overview. [479] B. The Extent of the Court’s Discretion. [480] i. Stafford v. Roadstone Ltd. [480] ii. Dublin County Council v. Matra Investments Ltd. [481] iii. Morris v. Garvey. [482] iv. Dublin Corporation v. McGowan. [484] v. White v. McInerney Construction Ltd. [485] vi. Grimes v. Punchestown Developments Co. Ltd. [486] vii. Leen v. Aer Rianta c.p.t.