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'SS]SI YINTWAAOHY SNNE9 IIHJ'OI HSIJIUTI 1Yl EHI CO AVC-IV ENIUVI^I NO SAICINIS 116l requere( I gzv-ggt'.Zf't'tn{Ud' rg 386 M. D. GUIRY ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION DE! The genus Rhodomenia (sic) was proposed by Greville (1830, p. xlviii) to include 16 species. ( most of which are now referred to tl-reKallymeniaceae. J. Agardh 1841) added n-ranyspecies, Thallus of multiaxial construct In 1851 changedlhe concept oflhe genus and adopted Montagne's (1839, p.44 J. Agaidh or slightly fl attened, monopodiall' thai the orthography Rhodl.menia be adopted. The latter spelling has footnote) suggestion (200) mm broad, entire or dichott conserved over the original "Ilhodomenia". J. Agardh (185i) divided the genus into two been or lobed; regeneration fron stol Ihe Palmatae and the Palmettae, and characterized the Palmatae as sections or subgenera, red, somelintespurplish red: subt scattered over the whole surface or in scattered sori while bearing tetrasp6rangia sparsely tiated into an assimilatory laYer the Pctlmettae-(as the type species of the genus was included in the Palmettae it should be of (2) 4 13 (20) layers of large, hYr referred to the or iubgenus Rhodymenia) as having tetrasporangia collected in sori as section iridescent body of unknown func J. Agardh created a further section or subgenus lhe Clinophora, -just below the apices.In 1876 Tet rttsporanll ia with cruciaiely whicl-r in small sori just below the apices but the cortical layers had tetraiporangia aggregated r.nents,interspersed with sterile f underwent to-Eive a nore or less nemathecoid structure. Dawson (1941) dis- modihcation sori which n-raybe confined to a tinguished a new section the Pertustte, mainly on the basis tlrat the specieshad tetrasporangla scaitered over the surface of the lrond in a relatively unn-rodifiedcortical layer and not in sori, and l-replaced the sections Rhodl'1nsn\o,Palmatae, Clinophora and Pertusae i! the subgenus Eurhodyntenia (which, as it contains the type speciesof the genus, sl-rouldbe refened to as the subgenirs Rhoiyntenia) and reduced the genus Dendrymenia Skottsberg to a subgenus of the genus Rhodymenia, with one section, the Dendrymeniae. Guiry (1974a, b) has proposed that the gents Palmaria Stackhouse, over rvl.rich the genus Rhodyitenia l-rad been conserved, should be teinstated for the species Rhodyntenia lnlntttttr. The spelling "Rhodymenia" has been conserved over the original "Rhodomenia". The genui Rhodyinenia is represented in Britain only by speciesof the subgenus Rhotlynrctia and tl-resection Rhodymeniu. TYPE SPECIES Greville(1830)didnotindicateatypespeciesof thegenus RhodameniaGreville;apparently- rhe earliest lectoiypification is tl-rat of'schmitz [1889, p.444, as Rhodynenio palmettu (Espet) Grevillel. Rhodl,minia palmetta sen}J Greville would seem to be the type speciesas it has been shown that Fulus palmetta Esper is a misinterpretation of FucLrspalmettd S. G. Gl-nelin (a delesscriaceousalg-a; see Silva, 1952). In his treatment of Rhodotttenia palnrctto, Greville (1830,p. 88) cited, amongst others, the following synonyms: "Delesseria Palmetta, Lamour. Essai p. 37. Fu(us Palntetta, Esp. lc. Fuc. p.84.1.40. excluding all the synonyms.,Stackh. Ner. Brit. p. 102. t. 16. Sn.r.Eng. Bot. t. 1120.Turn. Syn. Fuc. p.2J. Hist. Fuc. t.76. Fucus bi.fidus,Huds. Fl. Aug. p. 581." It would aDDear that the confusion between Fucus palmetta Esper and Fucus palntetta S. G. Gmelin was appreciatedby Stackl.rouse(1801, p. 102) and by Turner (1809'p. 5) both of whor.n refused to clioose a new epithet, rnainly as a consequence of the then current distaste for ". that constant and arbitrary changing of narnes affixed to plants . ." (Turner 1809, p. 5.).In elTect,therefore, it would seern that there exists a Futus palmetta Stackhouse, a later homonym of Fucus polmetta S. G. Grnelin. The earliest name fot this entity seems to be Ftc. l. Rlndynenio psetrdop, Delessiriapalmetta iamouroux (1813,p. 125).As Greville (1830,p. 88) obviously recognized pseudopalmatu.rLamouroux ( this confus-ion by his clear citation of these synonyms, the con-rbination Rh_odymeniapolmet.ttl (1805,p.23, Fig.2) illustrati can be attrjbuted to "(Lamouroux) Greville", which is the type species of the genus. As the earliest taxonomically correct synonym cited by Greville (1830) is Fucus palmetta Stackhouse, (BM) a lectotype of this eniity has been chosen by the present author from herb. Stackhouse Ga nte t ang ial p Iant s apParentll and this should serve as the type specimenof the type species. sporophyte; spermatia h5'aline,{ (.Lamouroux) to Gleville Tlre earliest name for Rhodomenia palmetta Greville is, according spermatangial mother cells forn (1778, p. name is a (1830) and Papenfuss(1950, p. l9O), Fucus bry'ZrsHudson 581), which small rounded subapical sort o plant as later homonyil ol Fucus bifidtrs S. G. Gmelin, a laminariaceous now known llattened blade; procarps l-ornte Arthrothamtti,s bifittus (5. G. Gn'relin) Ruprecl-rt.Mrs L. M. Irvine (pers. coml.n.) has,expressed quantities; carpogonial branche the opinion that Hudson's description of Fucus bifdus does not suggesla speciesof Rhodynenia borne on a large supPorting cel genuine sensu stricto, particularly as the speciesis said to be diaphanous; ntaterial of Fucus tilization the nucleus is transfel brfdas Hudson has not as yet been located. cystocarps hen-rispherical,large' "Silva (Lat-nouroux) (1952) has pointed-out that the correct name for Rhodymenia palmetta sometlmes necKed, perlcarp sm Greville is Rhodymenia pseudopalmato (Lamouroux) Silva. fill:ing the cystocarpic cavitY w. carposporangia; gonin-roblast e SYNONYMY branched, centrally-placed, colu sporophyte nourished b1 an irre Dawson (1941, p. 124,143) proposed that DendrymeniaSkottsberg (1923, p. 16)be reduced between the gonimoblast and th to a subgenusof-the genusRl'totd)'menia. Sparling (1957)agreed with Dawson but Taylor Speciesentirely marine and w (1945),Ktlin(1956)andothershaveretainedDendrymeniaasagenusdistinctfromRhodymenia. and coldtemperate waters of th Tlrc genus llhotl 1,tttenia 387 DESCRIPTION OF GENUS ( tefele Thallus rtl ntr-rltiarialconstrllction, crect or pfostratL'. | 100 1000) ttlttr.1ottg.stipes 20 ..r,.itigr-1itt,ilattenecl,n.'onopo.iiilly or's1'mpodiiri.l;brancl-red. blades tlattened or 11at500 i'nr palmately irregr'r1ar-ly'split iiOOl-n1'-1ibioacl. entire or clichotirr.t.rou.sly,pseuci6dicl.totomously, or bright i;."i;f;;i, l"g.ni*ti.rr l'iorl stolons. apical or..nrarginal nreristemscorrln.ron. colour i.a..""r",i"r?r purplish rcd: substancesoft cartilaginollsto stiiTlycartilaginous; cells dillelen- a rnedulla tiatcd into an assirrtilatoryla1'er o1'srlrall corticai filaments 2 5 cells in lengtlr and ,,riiUi+ i:f20yla1,-er.soflirgc,hyaline,ariallyclongatcdccllsrvlrichoftenhaveasrlallparietal ir-iclescentbocly ol unknou'n function. tila- fit,.r,rp,r,'r,,,1yrawith cr-uciaielyarranged-sp-ores. fornrccl fr-on.rthe cells ol assil.tlilatorv- ,,.,ents,iirtersper-scd *'ith steiiie'fitanten-ts2 3 cclls lont,- aggregated.in rclativell'unrtrodifiecl i..,ii i"l-1i.f,-"r'^ibe confincd to a slrecilicpart of thc rlralluior spread ovel thc rvl.tolesurfacc' ry .t' tlOmm ,.*:::....i:., ,.$l' ,'r':ri:i '':lii.'i .$ .{l "11 Ftt;. l.