LAKESIDE PARK Cultural Landscape Report History, Existing Conditions, Analysis & Rehabilitation Plan August 2002 Prepared for City of Fort Wayne, Department of Parks & Recreation Fort Wayne, Indiana Prepared by LANDSCAPES Landscape Architecture • Planning • Historic Preservation Charlotte, Vermont & Norwalk, Connecticut LAKESIDE PARK Cultural Landscape Report History, Existing Conditions, Analysis & Rehabilitation Plan August 2002 Prepared for City of Fort Wayne Department of Parks & Recreation Fort Wayne, Indiana Prepared by LANDSCAPES Landscape Architecture • Planning • Historic Preservation 501 Lake Road Charlotte, Vermont & 34 Wall Street, Norwalk, Connecticut Patricia M. O’Donnell, FASLA, AICP, Principal Landscape Architect & Preservation Planner Kimball Erdman, Associate ASLA, Project Manager Glenn Stach, ASLA, Bryne Riley, Associate ASLA, Ann Powers, Associate ASLA, Project Staff COVER & INSIDE COVER PHOTOGRAPH CREDITS Cover Photograph: Landscape Architecture • Planning • Historic Preservation, 2002. Inside Cover Photograph: 1947 picnic in Lakeside Park, Courtesy private collection, Jerry Byanski. © Copyright, August 2002 City of Fort Wayne, Department of Parks & Recreation. All rights reserved. Copies and citations are permitted with full credits given to the copyright holder and the authors. Principal authors are Patricia M. O’Donnell, FASLA, AICP and Kimball Erdman, Associate ASLA LANDSCAPES Landscape Architecture • Planning • Historic Preservation. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF PLANS........................................................................................................................xiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................xv INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... Intro.1 I. LAKESIDE PARK HISTORY A. HISTORIC RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..................................................................I.1 B. BACKGROUND & EARLY PARK HISTORY: TO 1911 .............................................I.1 C. PARK DEVELOPMENT: 1912 – 1932 ...........................................................................I.2 D. INTERIM: 1933 – 1950....................................................................................................I.4 E. REVITALIZATION AND CHANGE: 1950 – 1970 ........................................................I.4 II. 1949 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER OF LAKESIDE PARK A. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................II.1 B. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER, 1949...............................................................................II.2 1. Rose & Sunken Gardens..............................................................................................II.3 2. Lagoons .......................................................................................................................II.4 3. Tennis Courts & Playground .......................................................................................II.5 4. Picnic Grounds ............................................................................................................II.5 5. Delta Lake....................................................................................................................II.5 III. 2002 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER OF LAKESIDE PARK A. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... III.1 B. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER, 2002............................................................................. III.2 1. Rose & Sunken Gardens............................................................................................ III.2 2. Lagoons ..................................................................................................................... III.3 3. Tennis Courts & Playground ..................................................................................... III.4 4. Picnic Grounds .......................................................................................................... III.5 5. Delta Lake.................................................................................................................. III.5 IV. LANDSCAPE CHANGE FROM 1949 TO 2002 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... IV.1 B. LANDSCAPE CHANGE .............................................................................................. IV.1 1. Rose & Sunken Gardens............................................................................................ IV.1 2. Lagoons ..................................................................................................................... IV.2 3. Tennis Courts & Playground ..................................................................................... IV.3 4. Picnic Grounds .......................................................................................................... IV.3 5. Delta Lake.................................................................................................................. IV.3 LANDSCAPES Landscape Architecture•Planning•Historic Preservation v Lakeside Park Cultural Landscape Report V. CURRENT USE, PROGRAMMING & MAINTENANCE A. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... V.1 B. PARK USE & PROGRAMMING.................................................................................. V.1 1. Assertive or Exertive Recreation................................................................................ V.1 2. Passive Recreation...................................................................................................... V.2 3. Social or Gregarious Recreation................................................................................. V.2 4. Educational or Interpretive Recreation....................................................................... V.2 5. Facility Use & Reservations ....................................................................................... V.2 6. Park Programming...................................................................................................... V.3 C. PARK MAINTENANCE................................................................................................ V.3 VI. EXPLORATION, SELECTION & DESCRIPTION OF LAKESIDE PARK LANDSCAPE REHABILITATION PLAN A. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................VI.1 B. EXPLORATION OF LANDSCAPE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES............................VI.1 1. Preservation ......................................................................................................................VI.2 2. Restoration........................................................................................................................VI.2 3. Rehabilitation ...................................................................................................................VI.2 4. Reconstruction..................................................................................................................VI.2 C. RECOMMENDED REHABILITATION TREATMENT ...................................................VI.3 1. Restore Rose & Sunken Gardens .....................................................................................VI.3 2. Recapture Historic Planting Patterns................................................................................VI.4 3. Rehabilitate & Enhance Parking Arrangements...............................................................VI.5 4. Create a Comprehensive Pedestrian Circulation System That Improves Connections ....VI.6 5. Improve Pond Ecology & Fishing Access........................................................................VI.8 6. Rehabilitate Selected Recreational Facilities ...................................................................VI.9 VII. LAKESIDE PARK TREATMENT IMPLEMENTATION PHASING & STRATEGIES A. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. VII.1 B. LAKESIDE PARK TREATMENT PRIORIETIES & PHASING..................................... VII.1 1. Restore Sunken & Rose Gardens ................................................................................... VII.2 2. Renew North Delta Lake, Install Paths & Parking......................................................... VII.2 3. Enhance Picnic Grove & Play Field, Install Paths & Parking........................................ VII.2 4. Rehabilitate Skating Lagoon & Service Drive ............................................................... VII.2 5. Renew South Delta Lake, Install Paths .......................................................................... VII.3 C. IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES................................................................................ VII.3 D. PRIVATE-PUBLIC PARTNERSHIP STRATEGIES FOR PARK RENEWAL.............. VII.4 APPENDIX A: USER SURVEY FORM & RESULTS ...........................................................App.1 APPENDIX B: CREATING THE URBAN FOREST: THE BARE ROOT METHOD .. App.B.1 APPENDIX C: POND BANK STABILIZATION, SENECA PARK, ROCHESTER ..... App.C.1 LIST OF