Patient & Caregiver Education About Your Gastrectomy Surgery About Your Surgery .................................................................................................................3 Before Your Surgery .................................................................................................................5 Preparing for Your Surgery ............................................................................................................6 Common Medications Containing Aspirin and Other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) ............................................................... 14 Herbal Remedies and Cancer Treatment ................................................................................ 19 Information for Family and Friends for the Day of Surgery ............................................22 After Your Surgery .................................................................................................................27 What to Expect ............................................................................................................................... 28 How to Use Your Incentive Spirometer .................................................................................. 32 Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) ....................................................................................... 35 Eating After Your Gastrectomy ..................................................................................................37 Resources ................................................................................................................................53 MSK Resources ................................................................................................................................ 54 External Resources ......................................................................................................................... 56 ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ©2019 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065 A-035-1 1 2 About Your Surgery This guide will help you prepare for your gastrectomy surgery at Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK), and help you understand what to expect during your recovery. Read through this guide at least once before your surgery and then use it as a reference in the days leading up to your surgery. Bring this guide with you every time you come to MSK, including the day of your surgery, so that you and your healthcare team can refer to it throughout your care. Esophagus Your Stomach The stomach is an organ in your digestive system that helps to store and digest food. It is located between your esophagus (food pipe) and your small intestine (see Figure Stomach 1). The walls of your stomach are made up of muscles that churn and break down food into small pieces. Your stomach Colon also produces acid that begins to break down or digest food. (large intestine) When the food leaves your stomach, it moves into your small intestine. The first parts of your small intestine are Small the duodenum and the jejunum. Your food continues to be intestine digested and absorbed in your small intestine. Gastrectomy Rectum Gastrectomy is a surgery that is done to treat cancer of the stomach. During the surgery, your surgeon may remove Anus part or all of your stomach. There are several kinds of gastrectomies: Figure 1: The digestive system • A subtotal gastrectomy includes removing the cancerous part of your stomach, nearby lymph nodes, and possibly parts of other organs near the tumor (see Figures 2 and 3). Esophagus Remaining portion of stomach Pancreas Pancreas Bile duct Stomach Jejunum Bile duct Pancreatic duct Duodenum Duodenum Pancreatic Jejunum duct Figure 2. Your digestive system before Figure 3. Your digestive system after your subtotal gastrectomy your subtotal gastrectomy 3 • A total gastrectomy involves removing the entire stomach, nearby lymph nodes, and parts of your esophagus and small intestine. Your esophagus is reconnected to your small intestine so that you can continue to eat and swallow (see Figures 4 and 5). Esophagus Esophagus Pancreas Jejunum Bile duct Bile duct Stomach Pancreatic duct Pancreatic duct Duodenum Pancreas Jejunum Figure 4. Your digestive system before Figure 5. Your digestive system after your total gastrectomy your total gastrectomy A gastrectomy can be done in different ways. Your surgeon will talk to you about which options are right for you. Depending on what surgery you have, your surgeon will make one or more incisions (surgical cuts) on your belly. • When one long incision is made, it is called an open surgery. Some or all of the stomach is removed through this incision. • When several small incisions are made on the belly, this is called laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery. Small surgical instruments and a laparoscope (a tube-like instrument with a camera) are inserted into the incisions to remove the part of the stomach containing the cancer. Your surgeon may use a robotic device to help with your surgery. 4 Before Your Surgery Your Before The information in this section will help you prepare for your surgery. Read through this section when your surgery is scheduled and refer to it as your surgery date gets closer. It contains important information about what you need to do before your surgery. Write down any questions you have and be sure to ask your doctor or nurse. 5 Preparing for Your Surgery You and your healthcare team will work together to prepare for your surgery. About Drinking Alcohol Help us keep you safe during your surgery by telling The amount of alcohol you drink can us if any of the following statements apply to you, affect you during and after your surgery. even if you aren’t sure. It is important that you talk with your healthcare providers about your alcohol • I take a blood thinner. Some examples are intake so that we can plan your care. heparin, warfarin (Coumadin®), clopidogrel (Plavix®), enoxaparin (Lovenox®), and • Stopping alcohol suddenly can tinzaparin (Innohep®). There are others, cause seizures, delirium, and so be sure your doctor knows all the death. If we know you are at risk medications you’re taking. for these complications, we can prescribe medications to help • I take prescription medications. prevent them. • I take any over-the-counter medications, • If you drink alcohol regularly, herbs, vitamins, minerals, or natural or you may be at risk for other home remedies. complications during and after your surgery. These include • I have a pacemaker, automatic implantable bleeding, infections, heart cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD), or other problems, greater dependence on heart device. nursing care, and longer hospital • I have sleep apnea. stay. • I have had a problem with anesthesia in the Here are things you can do to prevent past. problems before your surgery: • I have allergies, including to latex. • Be honest with your healthcare provider about how much alcohol • I am not willing to receive a blood you drink. transfusion. • Try to stop drinking alcohol • I drink alcohol. once your surgery is planned. If • I smoke. you develop a headache, nausea, increased anxiety, or cannot sleep • I use recreational drugs. after you stop drinking, tell your doctor right away. These are early signs of alcohol withdrawal and can be treated. • Tell your healthcare provider if you cannot stop drinking. • Ask us any questions you have about drinking and surgery. As always, all of your treatment information will be kept confidential. 6 About Smoking People who smoke can have breathing problems when they have surgery. Stopping even for a few days before surgery can help. If you smoke, your nurse will refer you to our Tobacco Treatment Program. You can also reach the program at 212-610-0507. About Sleep Apnea Sleep apnea is a common breathing disorder that causes a person to stop breathing for short periods while sleeping. The most common type is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This means that the airway becomes completely blocked during sleep, so no air can get through. OSA can cause serious problems when you have surgery. Please tell us if you have sleep apnea or if you think you might have it. If you use a breathing machine (such as a CPAP) for sleep apnea, bring it with you the day of your surgery. Within 30 Days of Your Surgery Presurgical Testing Before your surgery, you will have an appointment for presurgical testing (PST). The date, time, and location of your PST appointment will be printed on the appointment reminder from your surgeon’s office. You can eat and take your usual medications the day of your PST appointment. During your appointment, you will meet with a nurse practitioner who works closely with anesthesiology staff (doctors and specialized nurses who will be giving you medication to put you to sleep during your surgery). He or she will review your medical and surgical history with you. You will have tests, including an electrocardiogram (EKG) to check your heart rhythm, a chest x-ray, blood tests, and any other tests necessary to plan your care. Your nurse practitioner