SalishSalish SeaSea Giving The Coast A Community Voice For 26 Years Canadian Publications Mail Product Volume 27 Number 22 November 12—November 25, 2015 $57.75 Addressed Subscription Sales Agreement Nº 40020421 Photo: Tom Hobley Community apple pressing at the Agricultural Hall, Mayne Island. The annual event to get everybody’s apples juiced is sponsored by Mayne Island Conservancy. GHG estimates for Paris conference won’t Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council asks gov’t to meet Year 2100’s 2ºC target - Patrick Brown help strengthen SAR capabilities he total of greenhouse gas ‘aspirational’ national targets into legal emission targets, submitted by requirements through a ‘robust’ he Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council has capacity of Nuu-chah-nulth coastal communities 147 countries in advance of the multinational agreement. (The draft of extended its sympathy and condolences to through the supply of specialized training and equipment. forthcoming UN Paris conference on this agreement, which was developed in a the victims and the families of the October T lengthy meeting in Bonn, Germany, 25 sinking of MV Leviathan II off Vargas Island. Foxcroft said the Coast Guard and CMSAR climate change (COP21), falls short of T October 19-23, will be described in the ‘We offer our prayers and healing energy to those have the capacity to deliver specialized Search and what is required to hold global warming next issue of Island Tides.) who were injured, and give thanks to all of those Rescue training to civilian boat operators. What is to 2ºC by the end of the century. Not Good Enough people who helped in the rescue,’ said NTC needed is a coordinated effort to increase the That’s the conclusion of a briefing number of SAR-trained boaters and shore-based The Intergovermental Panel on Climate President Deb Foxcroft. paper that aggregates the Intended VHF radio operators so that Nuu-chah-nulth Change officials, who are responsible for ‘As greater and greater numbers of tourists Nationally Determined Contributions members can respond in an effective, coordinated aggregating the estimated 2025-2030 flock to experience our ‘Wild West Coast,’ this (INDC) submissions, which were received manner. GHG emissions, warn that the trend set to tragic accident highlights once again how suddenly Foxcroft said the accident also points out the by the conference secretariat at the 2030, if extended, would lead to a higher a day on the water, even aboard a well-equipped need for specialized equipment. Not only should beginning of October. than 2ºC global temperature rise by 2100. vessel with a well-trained crew, can turn deadly. communities be equipped with emergency The INDC submissions estimated, for More precisely, they warn that ‘the ‘As in previous marine accidents in BC coastal warming blankets, night-vision goggles and each country, the trend in GHG emissions estimated aggregate global emission levels waters, while the Coast Guard and Canadian defibrillators, but larger vessels would benefit from to 2025 and/or 2030. The papers were resulting from the implementation of the Marine Search and Rescue (CMSAR) scrambled more sophisticated equipment such as forward- also required to describe programs, INDC do not fall within least-cost 2ºC to deploy their resources, local First Nations, in looking infrared (FLIR) devices that allow policies, and administrative actions being scenarios by 2025 and 2030’. this case from Ahousaht and Tla-o-qui-aht First searchers to locate survivors even in extreme undertaken by governments to reduce What is ‘least cost’? In terms of global Nations, responded to the distress flare and conditions. Ideally, each community would have GHG emissions. GDP, this is the aggregate of lowest-cost arrived in time to pull survivors out of the water. the appropriate rescue and first aid equipment Plans for adaptation to anticipated pathways to emissions mitigation ‘Our Nuu-chah-nulth people have operated ready for immediate deployment, she said. effects of climate change were also invited (deliberate reduction), choosing the Foxcroft said she is calling on Prime Minister and were described by approximately 100 cheapest combination of emission their vessels in BC coastal waters since time Justin Trudeau to reverse a decade of decline in countries. The estimates were from all mitigation methods. ‘Least cost’ immemorial, and have accumulated a priceless marine search and rescue and invest in life-saving developed nations, and three quarters of trajectories to the 2ºC year 2100 target body of knowledge. When a marine emergency equipment in coastal First Nations communities. developing countries—totalling 86% of have been determined, but trends arises, our people take to their boats without ‘We are so proud of the way our Nuu-chah- global GHG emissions. indicated by the INDC are well above hesitation, often in extremely hazardous nulth Nations and the coastal communities of The November 30-December 13 Paris them. The target will not be achieved at conditions,’ she commented. Tofino and Ucluelet pulled together in this crisis,’ meeting is the 21st Conference of the ‘least cost’; the cost will be higher; Specialized Equipment and said Foxcroft. ‘We are all one in our caring and Parties, The first was held in Berlin in employing more costly means of 1995. The one creating the Kyoto Protocol Training concern for all those who live in or travel through mitigation. 0 (1997) was the 3rd. Foxcroft is calling upon the federal and provincial our territories.’ This one is expected to turn TARGETS, please turn to page 7 governments to improve the Search and Rescue JTBUUIFTF6(5,286&2))(( MPDBUJPOT MPPLGPSUIFA*TMBOE5JEFTZFMMPXCPYFTPVUTJEFPSSBDLTJOTJEF 4JEOFZ#FBDPO"WFOVF /BOBJNP7*$POGFSFODF$FOUSF 1BSLTWJMMF)FSJUBHF$FOUSF.BMM 4PVUI%VODBO4VO7BMMFZ.BMM /BOBJNP#FBVGPSU$FOUSF4PVUI1BSLXBZ1MB[B $PVSUFOBZ4PVUIHBUF$FOUSF $MJòF"WFOVF %VODBO$PXJDIBO$PNNPOT.BMM /BOBJNP$PSOFS*TMBOE)XZ!)BNNPOE#BZ3E 1PSU"MCFSOJ4IPQQFST%SVH.BSU1MB[B UI"WF .JMM#BZ*TMBOE)JHIXBZ!'SBZOF3E 1PXFMM3JWFS1BDJöD1PJOU.BSLFU 5IVOEFS#BZ4U $BNQCFMM3JWFS5IF7JMMBHF 8JMMPX1PJOU www.islandtides.com Page 2, Island Tides, November 12, 2015 The Need for a Revolution in Thinking - Greg Spendjian ifty-three years ago Thomas Kuhn wrote The Structure extinction due to habitat loss; breakdown in communities and of vested interests. of Scientific Revolutions, which in itself created families; individual alienation; drug abuse; political As the problems we face become increasingly severe and something of a revolution. Kuhn changed views of how disenfranchisement as power concentrates in fewer hands; and intractable there are more and more calls heard for ‘systemic’ Fscientific thought evolves, differentiating between what he violent conflicts in many parts of the world. change. These systems will not and cannot change without called its ‘normal’ and ‘revolutionary’ phases. In ‘normal’ And, of greatest concern, hovering like a sword of Damocles changes to the underlying socio-economic paradigm on which science, researchers who share a common set of beliefs of how over all of nature and human civilization as we know it, is the they are based. We are entering the difficult and conflict-laden the world works use those beliefs as a framework or ‘paradigm’ probability of rapid and catastrophic climate change. ‘revolutionary phase’ that Kuhn talked about. to solve their problems and explain observations. They address Paradigm Description Inventing The New Paradigm divergences between what they observe and what their It is difficult to be both brief and comprehensive in We know that socio-economic paradigms are human paradigm predicts by making incremental changes to the characterizing the paradigm which forms the basis for the constructs. We have the power to develop alternatives. paradigm. development of current production, consumption and Inventing the new paradigm(s) that will lead to sustainable, yet However, when discrepancies between observation and the distribution systems, and their associated political, legal, and humane, sane, and just societies is the greatest challenge of our theoretical framework become really serious and irreconcilable, other institutional structures. One can nevertheless cite the time. the ‘paradigm’ itself begins to be questioned and science enters following: Obviously it is not an easy task because we have so much a ‘revolutionary’ phase. Eventually this phase culminates in a • economic growth’, using GDP as an indicator, is considered invested in our current belief system. We feel threatened when radical ‘paradigm shift’ to a new set of underlying beliefs, the key measure of progress; the sense of who we are and how we do things are questioned. following which ‘normal’ science resumes within the new • little or no consideration of limits to material growth, nor of We fear losing the significant benefits that the current socio- framework. the ability of local or global ecologies to sustain it; economic system has brought us—albeit temporarily and at a A good example of a paradigm shift would be when scientists • a belief that egotism, selfishness, and greed lead to social cost. Those who benefit most from the current system put up realized that the earth revolves around the sun and not vice- harmony and welfare—acquisitive materialism is huge obstacles to any serious consideration of fundamental versa. therefore a primary value and individual welfare is placed change. Kuhn’s ideas originally focused on the physical sciences. In ahead of collective welfare; Nevertheless, we can overcome these obstacles and rise to the social sciences, unlike the physical sciences—where human • a belief that the aim of life is to satisfy all desires one can the challenge. We may be spurred to action by the knowledge thinking does not influence the reality of the natural world (for have and that it is an individual’s absolute right to satisfy that the future we can create will be significantly better than the example, causing the sun to revolve around the earth)—human these desires; future which would result from our current paradigm. 0 thinking does indeed affect the resultant social and economic • all aspects of life are commoditized for exchange in ‘the systems.