Bur. Ent. & P. Q. Is ued ~ ovember 1939 United States Department of Agriculture BUREAC OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLA T Q ARA TINE SERVICE AND REGULATORY ANNOUNCEME TS LIST OF INTERCEPTED PLANT PESTS, 1938 (List of Pests Recorded During the Period July 1, 1937, to June 30, 1938, Inclusive, as Intercepted in, on , or with Plants and Plant Products Entering United States Territory.) INTRODUCTION Thi paper covers he twenty-fifth ·ear for whi h pe t interception list have been i ued. The perio of time covered by the early mimeographed li ts were variable. The fir t prin ed list were is u d quar erly beginning in 1915. large part of the intercep ion recorded in the early lists were made by State inspector . After quarantine _~ o. 37 became effective and most of the nur ery stock in pection work wa done by Federal in pector , with a con equent increa e in the proportion of interception by them publica ion of he l' t was put on an annual basi . The fir t of the annual li ts however, covered 15 mon hs, October 1, 1919, to D ecember 31 1920. In ercepti n for the calendar year 1924 and 1925 were i" ued in one list and th li t wa 1 ut on a fi cal-year ba is again when interception for January 1, 1930, to June 30 1931 were publi hed in one lis . From the b ginning interception ha e been made on a "ide Yarie y of hosts from all part of he world. The number of inter eption.., made increa ed from le than 1 500 a ~ ·ear to more than 80,000 a year, e,·en though many record formerly included were ornitted fr m the later li"'t . During recent year it has been neces ary to reduce dra ticall · the recording of interception and to make brief ummaries only for a large part of tho e recorded. I i believed hat the record a a • hole giYe a rea onably accurat idea f the pe t "'ta us of the plant material in ·pected. In the m thod of .~electing and pre enting da-a the pr en li t i imilar to the preceding one, but the total number of interception ha been markedly reduced by eliminating man_ item formerly record d particularly a the port of ....... ew York . Informa ion on which the li i ba ed i on file in the W a"'hington office. The bulk of thi information is in the form of routine report from regular em­ ployee and from tate and cu t m official who are collaborators of the Bureau. While the ate of alifornia and Florida and the Territor of Hawaii have taff of peciali t to make their determination mont of the in ects intercepted el ewher are determined. by pe iali t of he Bureau, and many of the more difficult plant-di. ea e interc ption are detern1ined by pecialist of the Bureau of Plant I ndu trY. tatement ·a~ to the origin of plant material in pected canno-'- always be veri­ fied but every rea onabl effort i made to obtain the correct origin. Obviously doubtful it"'m are omitted from the li t of interceptions under the countries of alleged origi 1. NOTES O INSECTS INTERCEPTED FRU FLIE The following fruitflie were intercepted: Anasfrepha clistincta in Inga sp. from 1. Iexico: A . grand,is in pun1pkin from Brazil: }lexican fruitfly (A. ludens in apple, avocado grapefruit, mango, orange, pomegranat quince, apote, our orange, and weet lime from ::\1exico; A. mombinpraeoptans in mango and purple mom bin from the Dominican Republic n:ango from Hai i, and jobo de la India and mango from Puerto Rico: A. serpentina in 1namey 2,pote and tangerine from Mexico; A ..·uspen ·a in gnaYa from Puerto Rico: Ana. trepha p. in orange from Brazil, guava and n1ang from o ta Rica almond hog-plum guava and mango from Cuba: tar-apple from Ecuador mango from Hai i, Bondura , and Jamaica, apple, guaYa rna1uey mango orange peach p ar pon1e!ITanate, quince, sapote, 1,0:-n 4-:~9-l 1 2 BUREAU OF ENTOl\10LOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE [July 1937 sour orange, and white sapote from Mexico, n1ango from Panama, golden-apple, guava, and sapodilla from Puerto Rico, and mango from Trinidad; Mediter­ ranean fruitfly (Ceratitis capitata) in apple from Australia, fig, loquat, pear, strawberry guava, sweet pepper, and tangerine fro1n Azores, (pupae) in case of tangerines and orang s and (larva) on paper wrapper for tangerine frorn Cyprus, peach from France, pomegranate, quince (pupae) in basket of quinces and pome­ granates, and (pupae) on paper wrapper for peaches from Greece, avocado, bell pepper, coffee berry, and mango from Hawaii, citron, hawthorn, orange, pear, persimmon, pomegranate, pricklypear, quince, tangerine, (pupae) in bag of oranges, (larvae and pupae) on peach and in container for peaches, (pupae) in box of tangerines, and (larvae, pupae, and adults) in t runk containing various fruits from Italy, loquat from Madeira Islands, orange and tangerine from Por­ tugal, ora.nge fro1n Southeast Africa and Spain, and (larvae) among three pound~ of oranges of unknown origin at a New York pier; Ceratitis sp. in red chili pepper from the Straits Settleinents and apple and pear from the Union of South Africa; melon fly (Dacus cuc'ltrbitae) in cucumber from the Philippines; olive fruitfly (D. oleae) in olive and (adults) in package and trunk containing olives from Italy; Dacus sp. in pomelo from Ceylon; celery fly (Philophylla heraclei) in celery from England; apple maggot (Rhagoleti pomonella) in manzanita from Mexico; Rhagoletis sp. in black walnut and Crataegus from Mexico; papaya fruitfiy ( Toxo­ trypana curvicauda) in papaya fron1 Baharnas and Cuba; trypetid in orange from Africa, Crassulaceae from Arabia, A..canthopanax sp. from China, and H elicon1·a sp. from unknown origin. INSECTS OTHER THAN FRUITFLIES Larvae of Acrolepia asseclella (Plutellidae) were intercepted in leek leaves from Netherlands. The citrus blackfly (Aleurocanthus woglumi) arrived on leaves of Citrus sp. and sour lime from Cuba. Anuraphis cynariella was taken on globe artichokes from Algeria, France, and Italy. The weevil Apion cardiwrum infested globe artichokes fron1 France, Italy, and Netherlands. A. craccae arrived with vetch from England and Scotland. Turnips in ships' stores from Algeria and Portugal were attacked by the weevil Baris laticollis. B. lepidii was found in horseradish from Czechoslovakia. The turnip gall weevil ( Ceutorhynchus pleuro­ stigma) was intercepted in rutabagas and turnips fr01n England and turnips fro1n Belgiu1n, Denmark, France, Germany, and Scotland. The Asiatic rice borer (Chilo simplex) arrived with 1ice straw from China, France, Japan, and Man­ churia and with a wisteria plant from Japan. Chionaspis wistariae (Coccidae) was found on wisteria from Japan. Conotrachelus aguacatae (Curculionidae) infested avocados from Mexico. The banana root borer (Cosmopolites sordidus) arrived with a banana root fron1 Honduras. Crocidosema plebeiana (Olethreuti­ dae) infested okra from Cuba D,nd l\1exico. Chestnuts from Italy were attacked by the weevil Curculi'o elephas. Potatoes from Mexico were infested with the potato weevil (Epicaerus cognatus). The West Indian sweetpotato weevil (Euscepes postfasciatus) was intercepted in sweetpotato from American Virgin Islands, Barbados, Brazil, J\t.Iexico, Puerto Rico, and St. Vincent. Exosoma lusitanica (Chrysomelidae) was found in cipollino from lVlorocco. Gnorirnoschema gudmanella (Gelechiidae) infested peppers (Capsicum annuum) from Mexico. Larvae of the turnip rnud beetle (Helophorus rugosus) were taken in turnips from France. Hoplandrothrips reynei was found on orchids frmn Colombia. Laspeyre­ sia splendana (Olethrcutidae) was intercepted in chestnuts from Italy, Japan, Portugal, Switzerland, and Yugoslavia. Lepidosaphes camelliae (Coccidae) was found on Camellia from China and Japan. The bean pod borer (Maruca teslulalis) was intercepted in lima beans from Cuba, string beans from Japan and l\1exico, pigeon peas and string beans from Puerto Rico, and on leis from Hawaii. l\d ega­ stigmus aculeatus (Callimomidae) infes ed rose seed from Austria an<l Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Orchids fron1 the Philippines were attacked by l'vfertila malayens1·s (Miridae). A larva of the pineapple weevil (1\1 etamasius ritchiei) was found in a pineapple from Mexico. J\llicrelus ericae (Curculionidae) arrived with heather from England, Germany, and ·Scotland and with soil around heather fron1 Ireland. M ordellistena cattleyana (Mordellidae) infested orchids from Colombia and Guatemala, and M. chap1·ni was found in a Cattleya leaf from Colo1nbia. Napomyza lateralis (Agromyzidae) was taken in witloof leaves from Bclgiurn and France. Naupactus xanthographus (Curculionidae) arrived with grapes fr m Argentina. The yan1 weevil (Palaeopus costicollis) was found in sweetpotato from Jamaica and yams from China and Jamaica. The pink boll­ worm (Pectinophora go sypiella) was intercepted in cotton bolls from Dominican June 1938) ,'ERVICE AXD REG L. TORY AN.1 OU -CEMENTS 3 Republic and Mexic , cottonseed fr 1n Bahan1a,, Brazil, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Grenada, Mexico, Mont errat, and. Puerto Rico, ~eed cotton f~o m Ital~, Mexico, and l ganda, and seed cotton adhering to old bagging from Mex1c_o. Poli­ aspis pini (Coccidae) wa taken o pines from .Japan. Lar ae of the vine moth (Polychrosis botrana) were in ere pted on a grape berry from Ital . A larva of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) w~s taken in. s_oil _around a. chrysantl;emum root from Japan. Lemon and orange rrom the Ph1hpp1nes were infe ted w1tl; the Philippine orange moth (Prays citri) . Psylliodes chrysocephala_ (Chrysomelidae) arrived with broccoli from Italv, radish from Portugal, and turnips from England, France, Italy, and Mexico. The pear ti~gjd (Stephanitis pyr~) was found on per·immon from Italy. The mango wee, 1l (Stern~chet:us m_angif_erae) was taken in 1nangoe from Iawaii and ~ ~ ew Zealand.