D1.1 REPORT ON THE STATUS QUO OF ENERGY POVERTY AND ITS MITIGATION IN THE EU CONNECTING OBLIGATED PARTIES TO ADOPT INNOVATIVE SCHEMES TOWARDS ENERGY POVERTYALLEVIATION D1.1 Report on the Status Quo of Energy Poverty and its Mitigation in the EU November 2019 The SocialWatt project has received funding from the The SocialWatt project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation i Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 845905 Programme under grant agreement No 845905 WWW.SOCIALWATT.EU D1.1 REPORT ON THE STATUS QUO OF ENERGY PREFACEPOVERTY AND ITS MITIGATION IN THE EU SocialWatt will develop and provide utilities and energy suppliers with appropriate tools for effectively engaging with their customers and working together towards alleviating energy poverty. SocialWatt will also enable obligated parties under Article 7 of the Energy Efficiency Directive across Europe to develop, adopt, test and spread innovative energy poverty schemes. SocialWatt will contribute to the following three main pillars: Supporting utilities and energy suppliers contribute to the fight against energy poverty through the use of decision support tools. Bridging the gap between energy companies and social services by promoting collaboration and implementing knowledge transfer and capacity building activities that focus on the development of schemes that invest in Renewable Energy Sources / Energy Efficiency and alleviate energy poverty. Implementing and replicating innovative schemes to alleviate energy poverty. The SocialWatt project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 2 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 845905 D1.1 REPORT ON THE STATUS QUO OF ENERGY POVERTY AND ITS MITIGATION IN THE EU CONSORTIUM ICCS INSTITUTE OF COMMUNICATION & COMPUTER SYSTEMS EL INSTITUTE FOR EUROPEAN ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY IEECP NL STICHTING RAP REGULATORY ASSISTANCE PROJECT BE E7 E7 ENERGIE MARKT ANALYSE AT ISPE DC ISPE PROIECTARE SI CONSULTANTA SA RO EDF ELECTRICITE DE FRANCE FR NATURGY NATURGY ENERGY GROUP SA ES ESB ELECTRICITY SUPPLY BOARD IE PPC PUBLIC POWER CORPORATION S.A. EL CEZ VANZARE CEZ VANZARE SA RO FORTUM SIA FORTUM JELGAVA LV HEP - ESCO DOO ZA VODENJE I FINANCIRANJE PROJEKATA HEP ESCO HR ENERGETSKE UCINKOVITOSTI EVISO EVISO SRL IT CARITAS AUSTRIA OSTERREICHISCHE CARITASZENTRALE AT The SocialWatt project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 3 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 845905 D1.1 REPORT ON THE STATUS QUO OF ENERGY POVERTY AND ITS MITIGATION IN THE EU CONNECTING OBLIGATED PARTIES TO ADOPT INNOVATIVE SCHEMES TOWARDS ENERGY POVERTY ALLEVIATION GA#: 845905 Start Date: September 2019 Topic: LC-SC3-EC-2-2018 Duration: 36 Months Type of Action: CSA Coordinator: ICCS Deliverable Number D1.1 Report on the Status Quo of Energy Poverty and Deliverable Title its Mitigation in the EU Work Package Number WP1 Task Number Task 1.1 Date of Delivery November 2019 Dissemination Level Public Work Package Leader Institute of Communication & Computer Systems (ICCS) Lead Beneficiary The Regulatory Assistance Project (RAP) Louise Sunderland (RAP), Catharina Wiese (RAP), Maria- Elisabeth Brucklm (Caritas Austria), Dan Serban (CEZ Vanzare), Alisa Vlasa (CEZ Vanzare), Dominique Osso (EDF), Fabienne Boutiere (EDF), Peter Cabena (Electric Ireland), Pat Lennon (Electric Ireland), Georg Benke (E7), Simone Pantaleoni (eVISO), Daniele Bergesio (eVISO), Carlo Cigna (eVISO), Valdis Contributors Rieksts-Riekstiņš (Fortum), Igor Hegediš (HEP ESCO), Andriana Stavrakaki (ICCS) Symeon Ntanopoulos (ICCS), Zoe Mylona (IEECP), Vangelis Marinakis (IEECP), Camelia Vasile (ISPE), Daniela Burnete (ISPE), Naturgy Foundation, Palasa Amanatidou, (PPC) Ioanna Giannouli (PPC), Froso Filippa (PPC) Reviewers Jan Rosenow (RAP), John Psarras (ICCS) Disclaimer The sole responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union. Neither the EASME nor the European Commission is responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Copyright Message This report, if not confidential, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0); a copy is available here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. You are free to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) under the following terms: (i) attribution (you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made; you may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use); (ii) no additional restrictions (you may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits). The SocialWatt project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 4 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 845905 D1.1 REPORT ON THE STATUS QUO OF ENERGY POVERTY AND ITS MITIGATION IN THE EU Table of Contents 1 Introduction to the report...........................................................................................14 2 Introduction to energy poverty .................................................................................15 3 Definitions ....................................................................................................................18 3.1 European Union in search of a definition ............................................................. 18 3.2 Indicators..................................................................................................................... 19 3.2.1 Expenditure-based metrics ................................................................................. 20 3.2.2 Consensual-based metrics .................................................................................. 22 3.2.3 Secondary indicators ........................................................................................... 22 3.2.4 Strengths and weakness of indicators and thresholds .................................. 23 3.3 Member State definitions ......................................................................................... 29 3.4 Targeting and eligibility criteria: Proxies for energy poverty ............................ 31 3.5 Conclusion: The SocialWatt approach to defining energy poverty .............. 32 4 Country context studies .............................................................................................35 4.1 Austria context ........................................................................................................... 36 4.1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 36 4.1.2 Policies, regulations and targets for energy efficiency and renovation ... 39 4.1.3 Residential building stock .................................................................................... 39 4.1.4 Energy market ........................................................................................................ 43 4.1.5 Energy poverty ....................................................................................................... 47 4.1.6 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 52 4.2 Belgium context ......................................................................................................... 54 4.2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 54 4.2.2 Policies, regulations and targets for energy efficiency and renovation ... 54 4.2.3 Residential building stock .................................................................................... 56 4.2.4 Energy market ........................................................................................................ 57 4.2.5 Energy poverty ....................................................................................................... 61 4.2.6 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 67 4.3 Croatia context ......................................................................................................... 68 4.3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 68 4.3.2 Policies, regulations and targets for energy efficiency and renovation ... 69 The SocialWatt project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 5 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 845905 D1.1 REPORT ON THE STATUS QUO OF ENERGY POVERTY AND ITS MITIGATION IN THE EU 4.3.3 Residential building stock .................................................................................... 69 4.3.4 Energy market ........................................................................................................ 70 4.3.5 Energy poverty ....................................................................................................... 71 4.3.6 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 75 4.4 France context .........................................................................................................