Machakos County Integrated Development Plan, 2015 i COUNTY VISION AND MISSION Vision Statement To be a globally competitive investment hub that ensures optimal utilization of resources, social and economic sustainability for the prosperity of all and wealth creation. Mission Statement To provide effective leadership and a conducive environment for social, economic, cultural and political development of the County through policy formulation and tracking results. Machakos County Integrated Development Plan, 2015 ii TABLE OF CONTENT COUNTY VISION AND MISSION ........................................................................................ ii LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................. viii FOREWORD .................................................................................................................. xii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................. xiv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................. xv CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................. 1 COUNTY BACKGROUND INFORMATION ........................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 2 1.1 Priorities identified under the Manifesto .................................................................... 2 1.2 Location and Size ....................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Physiographic and Natural Conditions ........................................................................ 5 1.3.1 Physical & Topographic Features ................................................................................................. 5 1.3.2 Ecological Conditions ................................................................................................................... 7 1.3.3 Climatic Conditions ...................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Administrative Units ................................................................................................. 8 1.5 Demographic Features ............................................................................................. 11 1.5.1 Population Size .......................................................................................................................... 11 1.5.2 Population Composition ............................................................................................................ 13 1.5.3 Population Density and Distribution .......................................................................................... 18 1.6 Human Development Approach ............................................................................... 20 1.7 Political Units ........................................................................................................... 20 1.8 Infrastructure and Access ......................................................................................... 22 1.8.1 Road, Rail Network, Ports and Airports, Airstrips and Jetties..................................................... 22 1.8.2 Posts and Telecommunications.................................................................................................. 23 1.8.3 Financial Institutions.................................................................................................................. 23 1.8.4 Education Institutions ................................................................................................................ 24 1.8.5 Energy Access ............................................................................................................................ 24 1.8.6 Markets and Urban Centres ....................................................................................................... 25 1.8.7 Housing...................................................................................................................................... 26 1.9 Land and Land use ................................................................................................... 26 1.9.1 Mean Holding Size ..................................................................................................................... 27 1.9.2 Percentage of Land with Title Deeds .......................................................................................... 27 1.9.3 Incidence of Landlessness .......................................................................................................... 27 1.10 Community Organizations/Non –State Actors ........................................................... 27 1.10.1 Co-operative Societies ...................................................................................................... 27 1.10.2 Non – Governmental Organizations .................................................................................. 27 1.10.3 Self Help, Women & Youth Groups ................................................................................... 28 1.11 Crop, Livestock and Fish Production ......................................................................... 28 1.11.1 Main Crops Produced ....................................................................................................... 28 1.11.2 Average Farm Sizes ........................................................................................................... 29 Machakos County Integrated Development Plan, 2015 iii 1.11.3 Main Storage Facilities ...................................................................................................... 29 1.11.4 Main Livestock Bred ......................................................................................................... 29 1.11.5 Number of Ranches .......................................................................................................... 30 1.11.6 Main Fishing Activities, Types of Fish Produced, Landing Sites ......................................... 30 1.12 Forestry and Agro Forestry ....................................................................................... 31 1.12.1 Main Forest Types and Size of Forests .............................................................................. 31 1.12.2 Main Forest Products ........................................................................................................ 31 1.12.3 Promotion of Agro-forestry and Green Economy for: ....................................................... 32 1.13 Environment and Climate Change ............................................................................. 35 1.13.1 Major Contributors to Environmental Degradation .......................................................... 35 1.13.2 Effects of Environmental Degradation .............................................................................. 36 1.13.3 Climate Change and Its Effects in the County .................................................................... 37 1.13.4 Climate Change Mitigation Measures and Adaptation Strategies ..................................... 37 1.14 Mining ..................................................................................................................... 38 1.14.1 Ongoing Activities ............................................................................................................. 38 1.15 Tourism ................................................................................................................... 38 1.15.1 Main Tourist Attractions, National Parks/Reserves .......................................................... 38 1.15.2 Main Wildlife .................................................................................................................... 42 1.15.3 Tourist Class Hotels/Restaurants, Bed Occupancy ` .......................................................... 42 1.16 Industry ................................................................................................................... 43 1.17 Employment and Other Sources of Income ............................................................... 44 1.17.1 Wage Earners ................................................................................................................... 44 1.17.2 Self Employed ................................................................................................................... 44 1.17.3 Labour Force ..................................................................................................................... 45 1.17.4 Unemployment Levels ...................................................................................................... 45 1.18 Water and Sanitation ............................................................................................... 45 1.18.1 Water Resources .............................................................................................................. 45 1.18.2 Water Supply Schemes ..................................................................................................... 45 1.18.3 Water Sources .................................................................................................................. 46 1.18.4 Sanitation ........................................................................................................................