oblique to front margin CRIORHINA 256. Introduction Criorhina are woodland species and main- ly visit the flowers of trees and shrubs. I found numerous C. pachymera visiting Acer campestre flowers. Many species main- tain territories at the bases of tree trunks parallel to front margin or seem to inspect the bark, travelling 257. from tree to tree. Their larvae live in dead wood. Recognition Criorhina are large bee and bumblebee mimics. They can be separated from other figure 256. Chrysotoxum elegans, abdomen. large bee and bumblebee mimics (e.g. figure 257. Chrysotoxum verralli, abdomen Mallota, Arctophila, Pocota, Brachypalpus) by (Verlinden). the typical form of their antennae: the third segment is (much) shorter than it is wide, while the first segments are much 11.a. Tergite 2: the black front margin thinner and form a stalk. In Criorhina, the increases in width towards the side mar- face projects downwards, in contrast to gin because the front margin of the yel- Pocota and Brachypalpus. Criorhina species low band does not follow the tergite fall into two groups: front margin (figure 256); scutellum yel- • Bumblebee mimics: C. berberina, C. low-haired › 12 ranunculi and C. floccosa. 11.b. Tergite 2: the black front margin of • Honeybee mimics: C. pachymera and C. equal width over much of its length asilica. because the front margin of the inter- rupted, yellow band follows the tergite front margin closely and separates only Key at the side margin (figure 257); scutel- lum black-haired. 10-13 mm. Central 1.a. Femur 3: strongly thickened and Europe, east to Siberia › Chrysotoxum curved, especially in the male (figure verralli Collin 258, figure 259, figure 260, figure 261); Jizz: yellow Chrysotoxum, similar to C. octomacula- tibia 1 and 2 with long, erect hairs at the tum, but more elongate. Yellow spots on tergite 2 back › 2 appear triangular. 1.b. Femur 3: marginally thickened and not curved; tibia 1 and 2 with short, 12.a. Tergites 3 and 4: yellow hind mar- adpressed hairs at the back › 3 gins small, smaller than the yellow band, or lacking. 10-13 mm. Europe, east to 2.a. Thorax and abdomen with long, Caucasus › Chrysotoxum elegans Loew dense hairs, a bumblebee mimic; hairs Jizz: blackish Chrysotoxum. Yellow spots on tergite black on thorax and front part of 2 appear as stripes. abdomen, reddish on tip of abdomen 12.b. Tergites 3 and 4: yellow hind mar- (sometimes scutellum with pale hairs), gins broad, as broad as the yellow band. but in rare cases thorax and abdomen 10-13 mm. Europe › Chrysotoxum with greyish hairs; thoracic dorsum latilimbatum Collin without stripes of pale dust. 14-17 mm. Note: most probably only a colour variation of Northern and Central Europe › the former and listed as synonym by Peck (1988). Criorhina ranunculi Panzer 86 258. tickened 259. long hairs 260. tickened figure 262. Criorhina asilica, habitus of male (Verlinden). 3.b. Tergites 2-4 with grey or yellowish dust bars and loose, yellowish hairs (fig- 261. ure 262), tergite 2 without distinct side tufts of yellow hairs; a honeybee mimic. 12-14 mm. Northern and Central long Europe › Criorhina asilica Fallén hairs 4.a. Tergite 2 with distinct side tufts of long yellow hairs, tergites 3 and 4 with short, dense reddish pile and dust, only figure 258. Criorhina pachymera, femur 3 of black at side margins; tibia 1 and 2 with male. pale hairs, short and adpressed (figure figure 259. Criorhina pachymera, femur 3 of 263). 12-13 mm. Central Europe › female. Criorhina floccosa Meigen (= Brachy my ia figure 260. Criorhina ranunculi, femur 3 of floccosa Meigen) male. 4.b. Tergite 2 without distinct side tufts of figure 261. Criorhina ranunculi, femur 3 of yellow hairs, tergites 3 and 4 without female (Verlinden). short dense reddish pile; thorax and abdomen covered with long, dense hairs in 2 colour forms: a completely yellow- 2.b. Thorax and abdomen with long, but ish-orange form (var. oxycanthae) and a less dense hairs, a honeybee mimic; tho- form with the thoracic dorsum reddish- rax and abdomen with pale brown hairs, haired, the scutellum and basal part of tip of abdomen may be black-haired; abdomen black-haired, and the tip of thoracic dorsum with weak stripes of the abdomen whitish-haired (typical pale dust. 13-17 mm. Central Europe › form, figure 265); tibia 1 and 2 with Criorhina pachymera Egger black hairs, short and adpressed (figure 264). 8-13 mm. Central Europe › 3.a. Tergites 2-4 without grey or yellow- Criorhina berberina Fabricius (= Bra chy- ish dusted bars; bumblebee mimics › 4 myia berberina Fabricius) 87.