THE 2ND COMMON SECURITY AND DEFENCE POLICY OLYMPIAD ATHENS, GREECE, 7-9 MAY 2014 This edition published by: HELLENIC NATIONAL DEFENCE GENERAL STAFF EDITOR: Lt Cdr Athanasios Moustakas DTP: Hellenic Army’s Printing Office (HARPO), GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Areti Karatsiori ATHENS, GREECE 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION A: GENERAL ...................................... 4 1. Welcome speech by the Commanding Oficer of the Hellenic Military Academy, Major General Konstantinos Velegrakis 2. Opening speech by the Deputy Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff, Vice Admiral Alexandros Theodosiou 3. Closing remarks by the Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff, General Michail Kostarakos 4. Address by Mr Dirk Dubois, the Chair of the Implementation Group of the “European Initiative for the Exchange of Young Oficers (Inspired by Erasmus)” 5. Remarks on the event by Sylvain Paile-Calvo SECTION B: THE TEN BEST ESSAYS .............. 1 3 The Importance of a European Maritime Security Strategy for the EU Gonzalo Vallespin Terry Exchange of information between Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) and the law enforcement community in Europe: the legal and operational barriers. Jozef Cnops The contribution of the Common Security and Defence Policy in developing a globally leading role for the EU in the ield of counter-terrorism by taking collective operational action by political and military means from the Member States. Michal Formánek Economic crisis and its impact on military budgets, in particular on the development of new EU capabilities of CSDP. Stijn Vermeir European Security and Defence Nowadays International Commitments, Military Capabilities and the Economic Crisis. Sigynn Gagne-Lecacheur European defence and security nowadays: International commitments, military capabilities and the economic crisis. Andreas Gruber Economic crisis and its impact on military budgets, in particular on the development of new EU capabilities in support of CSDP. Miroslav Hovorka The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the Eastern Mediterranean as geopolitical aspect of Europe. Adam Krumnikl How Identifying common European foreign policy interests could advance CSDP. Michal Appl European defence and security nowadays: International commitments, military capabilities and the economic crisis. Manuel Kurbatinsky SECTION C: OTHER DOCUMENTS ................. 1 6 5 S E C T I O N A Welcome speech from the Commanding Officer of the Hellenic Military Academy, Major General Konstantinos Velegrakis Dear Oficers, Dear Professors, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Cadets, I welcome you all to “EVELPIDON” the Hellenic Military Academy, which is located in the suburban town Vari of Attica Region. I welcome you to the 2nd Common Security and Defense Policy Olympiad. The Hellenic Military Academy is the oldest higher education institution of modern Greece. It was established in the city of Nafplion in 1828, by the irst Governor of Greece, Ioannis Kapodistrias. The name given by the governor to the Cadets of the Academy was “Evelpis” which in Greek means “Bearer of High Hope”, and relects the aspirations of the Greek Nation from the Academy. The mission of the Academy is: • To produce and transmit knowledge to Cadets, with the teaching and research of military science and technology, as well as related theoretical , pure and applied Sciences . • To develop the military virtues and military action, in order to formulate the Land Army, Oficers with military awareness and top-level education, as well as social cultural and political education and action, giving them the means to become capable Leaders, and with highly professional and scientiic training. Currently the Academy host’s 964 Cadets from 12 countries. The Olympic Games in ancient times, called ‘The Olympia’, were the most important event in ancient Greece and were held in ancient Olympia Town, every four years, since 776 B.C.. At ‘the Olympia’ , which gradually acquired great prestige, athletes were participating from all over Greece and later on from other places too. They were held until 393 AD , when they were discontinued, to revive again in Athens in 1896 in there modern known form, named as “Olympic Games”, and are since held as international games The ancient Olympic Games were held based on the Olympic truce. The sacred truce deined that all Greek states could not attack and conquer the Olympia town as well as the cessation of all military hostilities at the starting period of the games. Another very important institution in Ancient Greece was ‘the Amphictiony’ . The Amphictiony was the organization of ancient Greek cities - states in associations, numbering members from many cities-states, around several holy places, like temples. There were several amphictionies, most prominently that of the Delphi in Central Greece. The main task of an Amphictiony was to supervise these holly places, but they often acquired political power. The amphictiony is seen as the historical equivalent of modern international organizations like the United Nations. 4 S E C T I O N A The Hellenic Military Academy, true to its noble rivalry, healthy competition, cooperation for peace and security, which inherited through ancient Greece from the Olympics and the Amphictionies, and following the developments of modern times which require a common European Security and Defense Policy, participates actively in the initiative “Military Erasmus”. The Academy takes part in the meetings of the Implementation Group with a permanent representative from the very beginning of the initiative, participates with Cadets in Common Modules that are conducted in other Academies around Europe and is at the inal stage of completing the prerequisites of the Treaty of Bologna. Our strong motivation to actively participate in this initiative was our deep belief that creating a common European Security and Defense Policy is a basic element of the European integration process and that this procedure was the best way to achieve such a goal. In this context, starting from next year, our Academy has included in it’s training program the Common Module “Law of Armed Conlict”, in which Cadets from other Academies will be invited to participate. This year our Academy has the great honor to host the second Common Security and Defense Policy Olympics. 31 students from 13 countries began an effort in August 2013 which will be completed in 2 days, starting tomorrow with the presentation of the 10 best papers before the members of the Implementation Group and the other contestants and the day after tomorrow with the written examination on the Common Security and Defense Policy. In total, this activity will give you the opportunity to take a closer look at the institutions, the procedures and the organization of the European Union in Security and Defense matters. Moreover, in the meantime, these 3 days will be a good chance for you to meet colleagues from other countries and make new friends, you will see the Greek customs, you will walk in traditional Greek streets, you will visit the new Acropolis Museum and the Kalimarmaro Stadium, from where revived the modern Olympic Games in 1896 and will discover the ancient classical culture. In the end, when you return back home, we hope you take with you all the best memories from this trip. I irmly believe that the 2nd Common Security and Defense Policy Olympiad will be a fantastic memorable experience for all of us and will be an invaluable instrument for the European education and training of our young Oficers. With these thoughts I welcome you once again at the Hellenic Military Academy and wish you all good luck for the contest and enjoy your stay. 5 S E C T I O N A Opening speech of the deputy chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff, Vice Admiral Alexandros Theodosiou Head of the European Security and Defence College President of the Implementation Group Professors, Cadets, Ladies and Gentlemen Located in a sensitive area and having carefully observed the effects of the recent regional crises in Libya and Syria, Greece strongly believes that enhancement of European Union’s defense capabilities is a means of assuring peace and security in Europe. Therefore Greece is committed to support further development of the EU Common Security and Defense Policy, its instruments, as well as missions and operations conducted in the frame of CSDP. Consequently, the ability to operate in a multinational environment is a constant requirement for military personnel of EU Member states. The procedure of fulilling this requirement should primarily aim at developing a common European culture. This common EU culture should originate from our common values, common knowledge, common education and training and common experiences. I believe that the most suitable audience is our young oficers and cadets. By developing a common EU culture at the beginning of their careers military personnel would be netter prepared to effectively work and operate together during an EU mission or operation. And the European Security and Defense College can greatly contribute to this goal. Dear Cadets I urge you to take advantage of your participation in the second CSDP Olympiad, organized by the Presidency in cooperation with the European Security and Defence College. It can be an excellent starting point for each one of you in order to become an active link that would strengthen the European Union Defence posture. During your military career it is possible that you will be called to serve in a European Union military operation as others