MODERN TREND IN LIBRARIES: FOR BEGINNERS Dr. R.K. Singh (BSc., BLISc, MLISc., PGDCA, M.Phil & Ph.D.) Lecturer-Library Department of Higher Education Govt. of Uttar Pradesh Lucknow, U.P., INIDIA Publication GJMS Intellectual Integrity Shop No. 30, Shobhit Complex Jabalpur, M.P.-482001, INDIA Edition : Price : 650/- ISBN – 978-93-85304-15-6 Publication: GJMS Intellectual Integrity Shobhit Complex Jabalpur, M.P.-482001, INDIA DEDICATED TO MY PARENTS Preface Librarians and information professionals are confronted today by the rapidly changing environment. Automation of library activities and adoption of computers to both routine as well as non-routine activities has become almost a necessity and is being hotly discussed and debated in all professional gatherings. There are many reasons for this change. One of the major reasons to this change is the rapid developments that are taking place in information technology and the potential for new services which they bring. At the same time the demands for information by the library users are also changing. The readers are now coming with new expectations and insist for high quality service. On the other hand the range and variety of information sources that librarians handle are also changing. Apart from print material librarians now deal with online bibliographic databases, CD-ROMs, electronic journals, digital texts supplied from a number of vendors that are downloaded from Internet. Each of these format requires generic and highly specialized skills for searching, identifying, extracting and disseminating the right information to the right reader at the right time and in the right format. Technological change is a major contributor to economic development. The rapid development of information and information technology has tremendously increased our capacity to process information and accelerated growth in the information intensive sector. The impact of information technology arises from its attributes such as enabling technology which can be applied in a wide range of different circumstances, the capacity of the technology increasing at an exponential rate; and the cost of the technology falling rapidly. These attributes of Information technology will trigger a new wave of economic growth stimulating the development of information society. It is indeed the avenues of information technology that should. beutilised to the possible extent in libraries and information centres to make ii use of the information speedily, effectively, efficiently and with precision. The application of Information technology in libraries especially in developing countries like India is imperative in the present day information environment for sustainable development in the socio-economic, political, cultural and educational spheres. The objective of this book is to give some ideas to library professionals and all other concerned in the field of information and about its use in the avenues of application of Information technology in libraries and information services in the present day information environment. This book is organized under 16 chapter. All Chapters are focused on the application of Information Technology in Libraries and Information Services ie. Modern Trends in Libraries and to produce need-based manpower required to manage the libraries at the 21st Century. I record the loving memory to my father Shri R.L. Singh who is still an inspiring source. I record my deep sense at gratitude to my respect Guru Prof. H.N. Prasad for his whole hearted encouragement in my writing and academic endeavors. I record my sincere thank to Dr. Ajay Kumar and Dr. Ramod Maurya Who helped me a lot in giving suggestions during the course of the study. I extend my appreciation to my wife Smt. Manju Lata Singh who unstintedly supported me all along the study. I am extremely thankfull to Mr. Krishna Prasad who have brought out this book neatly in the best format within an unbelievably short time. CONTENTS Sl.No. Pages 01 Chapter – 1 ... 01-11 TRADITIONAL VS DIGITAL LIBRARIES: RESOURCES, SERVICES AND PRODUCTS Characteristics Components Digital Collection Advantages of Digital Libraries Disadvantages of Digital Libraries Traditional Libraries vs Digital Libraries Digital Libraries & New web based Library Services Types of Libraries in Today’s perspective Traditional library Automated library Electronic Libraries Digital library Hybrid library Current Indian Scenario Digital Libraries and Websites on Internet: Global examples New Roles of Librarians in the Digital Library Environment Copyright and Licensing New Interpretation of Five Laws of Library Science in the Digital Library Environment 02 Chapter – 2 ... 12-19 LIBRARY AUTOMATION Automation Library Automation Need of Library Automation Steps in Library Automation Basic Requirements for the Automation of Libraries Library Housekeeping Operations Acquisition Circulation ii Cataloguing Serial Control OPAC Administration Library Software’s Soul Libsys Sanjay Maitraybe Libman 03 Chapter – 3 ... 20-30 DIGITAL LIBRARY: TODAY’S NEED Digital Library Components Elements of Digital Library Objectives of the Digital Libraries Advantages of the Digital Library Disadvantages of the Digital Library Requirement for Digital Libraries Resources of a Digital Library Need of Digital Libraries The Digital Library Challenges: The Digital Library: Opportunities Role of Librarian in Digital Environment 04 Chapter – 4 ... 31-45 BEGINNING THE GREAT TRANSFORMATION IN INDIAN LIBRARIES Five Fundamental Law of Library and Information Science Reading Materials and Retrieval Techniques of Early Period library to 21st Century library Libraries for Today, Libraries for Tomorrow ICT driven Public Libraries –the need of the hour The emergence of Rural Digital Libraries in India: Beginning the Transition in Libraries i.e. Modern Trends In Libraries Setting the Stage Trend 1 – Communication systems are continually changing the way people access information Trend 2 – All technology ends. All technologies commonly used today will be replaced by something new Trend3 – We haven't yet reached the ultimate iii small particle for storage. But soon Trend–4 – Search Technology will become increasingly more complicated Trend 5 Time compression is changing the lifestyle of library patrons Trend–6 – Over time we will be transitioning to a verbal society Trend-7– The demand for global information growing exponentially Trend8– The Stage is being set for a new era of Global Systems Trend 9– We are transitioning from a product – based economy to an experience based economy Trend10– Libraries will transition from a center of information to a center of culture 05 Chapter – 5 ... 46-71 INTERNET, INTRANET AND EXTRANET APPLICATIONS IN LIBRARIES Internet Internet Applications Internet-based Communication Services 1. Electronic Mail (E-mail) 2. Chat or Instant messengers 3. Conferencing 3.1. Voice over IP 3.2. Video Conferencing 3.3. NetMeeting 3.4. NetShow 3.5. Listserv 3.6. News Groups 3.7. Usenet 3.8 Wiki 3.9 Blogs Access to Information Resources 1. Gopher 2. WWW as Information Resource 4 Searching Information Resources on Internet 4.1. Archie 4.2. Veronica 4.3. Wide Area Information Search (WAIS) Intranet, Extranet and their application in libraries Intranet iv Advantages of Intranet Library Applications of Intranet Extranet Advantages of Extranet Library Applications of Extranet World Wide Web Importance of the Web Search Engines Search Engines: Definition Important Search Engines 06 Chapter – 6 ... 72-111 ICT APPLICATION IN LIBRARIES Elements of ICT applications in Libraries History of ICT applications in Libraries Challenges before Libraries Need and Objectives of ICT in Libraries Areas of ICT Applications in Library and Information Services ICT based services Traditional Library Services Modified through Internet in ICT Era OPAC to Web OPAC CD ROM to Web-based Indexes and Databases From Manual Reference Service to Digital Reference Service From Manual Reference Service to Real time Digital Reference Service: Library Chat Rooms “Groupware” as Knowledge Repository (E-Reference) Inter-Library Loan and Union Catalogue Audio-visual Services Customer Relations and User Education Current Awareness Service. Tables of content services Automatic notification from tables of content Book alerting services and e-mail notification from publishers and vendors SDI or alerting services available through aggregate services Alerting services available through search engines and meta-indexes From Manual Document Delivery to Electronic Delivery Services v Internet-based New Library Services In ICT Era Virtual Library Tours Library Maps and Floor Plans Photographic Views Library Web Sites Library Portals Subject Gateways Full Text Resources Automatic Identification and Data Collection Technology i. Bar Code Technology ii. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Web-based User Education Skill Development in IT for Librarians 07 Chapter – 7 ... 112-125 MULTIMEDIA APPLICATION IN LIBRARIES Definition Components of the multimedia system Hypertext Hypermedia Historical development Multimedia Creation Application of Multimedia Technology Multimedia applications in libraries Multimedia Library and Information Guides Instructions and Training Guides Multimedia Databases Multimedia Catalogues Multimedia Information Resources Multimedia use in Museum Libraries Multimedia Information Resources Available on Internet Electronic/Digital Libraries Limitations of Multimedia 08 Chapter – 8 ... 126-138