TRANSACTIONS OF THE NORFOLK & NORWICH NATURALISTS’ SOCIETY The Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists’ Society has for its 1. The practical study of Natural Science. 2. The protection, by its influence with landowners and others, of indigenous species requiring protection, and the circulation of information which may dispel prejudices leading to their destruc- tion. 3. The discouragement of the practice of destroying the rarer species of birds that occasionally visit the County, and of exterminating rare plants in their native localities. 4. The record of facts and traditions connected with the habits, dis- tribution and former abundance or otherwise of animals and plants which have become extinct in the County and the use ; of all legitimate means to prevent the extermination of existing species, more especially those known to be diminishing in numbers. 5. The publication of Papers on Natural History contributed to the Society, especially such as relate to the County of Norfolk. 6. The facilitating of a friendly intercourse between local Naturalists by means of Meetings for the reading and discussion of papers and for the exhibition of specimens, supplemented by Field-meetings and Excursions, with a view to extending the study of Natural Science on a sound and systematic basis. TRANSACTIONS OF THE Bovf'olk anti Binltnclj NATURALISTS’ SOCIETY Edited by the Honorary Secretary VOL. XI 1919—20 to 1923—1924 NORWICH Printed by A. E. Soman Sc Co. November, 1924 U V LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS With references to the Articles contributed by each Page Beevor, Sir H. —Presidential Address —Norfolk Woodlands ... 487 Bennett, A.—Potamogeton Panormitanus in Norfolk ... 313 Bird, M. C. H. —The Drought of 1921 ... ... ... ... 241 Boswell, P. G. H.—The Surface and Dip of the Chalk in Norfolk 22 Burrell, W. H.-—Norfolk Natural History Correspondence ... 389 Buxton, A. —Spring Birds at Geneva ... ... ... ... 162 Clarke W. G.-—Norfolk Topography in “ The Botanist’s Guide ” 179 Effects of the Drought in the Breckland District ... ... ... ... ... 254 Norfolk Lakes and Meres ... ... ... 267 Natural History—Norfolk Place-names ... 384 Veronica Spicata in England ... ... ... 541 Clarke, W. G. and Gurney, R.—Notes on the Genus Utricularia and its distribution in Norfolk 128 Colman, R. J.—Presidential Address ... ... ... ... 333 Coward, T. A.—The Birds of Blakeney Point ... ... ... 344 Gurney, J. H.-—Presidential Address ... ... ... ... 1 The Travels of Peter Mundy ... ... ... 200 Influx of the Red-necked Grebe... ... ... 299 Gurney, Robert.-— tricularia in Norfolk in 1921 : the effects of drought and temperature ... ... 260 A new British Prawn found in Norfolk ... 311 Notes of a Naturalist in the Netherlands ... 360 A Sea Anemone in Brackish Water in Norfolk 434 Gurney, Robert, and Clarke, W. G.—Notes on the Genus Utricularia and its distribution in Norfolk 128 Hankin, E. H.—Soaring Flight ... ... ... ... ... 508 Jay, H. H.—Great Yarmouth Autumn Herring Fishery, 1922 437 Little, J. E.—Notes on Norfolk Plants ... ... ... 374 Long, S. H.—Wild Bird Protection in Norfolk ... ... ... 194 Col. H. W. Feilden—Obituary 220 Henry Morris Upcher—Obituary ... ... 222 Wild Bird Protection in Norfolk in 1922 ... 301 Scolt Head Island... ... ... ... ... 337 Wild Bird Protection in Norfolk in 1923 ... 422 John Henry Gurney—Obituary ... .. 457 Frederic.William Harmer—Obituary ... ... 477 Thomas Edward Gunn—Obituary ... ... 484 Wild Bird Protection in Norfolk in 1924 ... 550 Maurice Charles Hilton Bird—Obituary ... 608 vi Page Long, S. H., and Riviere, B. B.—Fauna and Flora of Norfolk—Birds ... ... ... ... 586 Nicholson, W. A.—Fauna and Flora of Norfolk—Plants ... 601 North, J. D.—Natural and Artificial Flight ... ... ... 294 Oliver, F. W.—Report of Blakeney Point Committee, 1917-1919 81 Report of the Blakeney Point Research Station, 1920-1923 396 Scolt Head and Blakeney Point... ... ... 565 Patterson, A. H.—Some Fish Notes from Great Yarmouth and Neighbourhood for 1919 ... ... 74 Some Bird Notes from Great Yarmouth for 1919 77 The Herring Fishery for 1919 ... ... ... 81 The Herring Fishery of 1920 ... ... ... 204 The Herring Fishery of 1921 ... ... ... 314 Some Notes from Great Yarmouth ... ... 440 Flora and Fauna of Norfolk-—Fishes ... 592 Preston, A. W.—Meteorological Notes for 1919 ... ... 66 „ „ „ 1920 205 „ „ „ 1921 316 „ „ „ 1922 446 ,, „ „ 1923 578 Riviere, B. B.—President’s Address-—The Autumn Move- ments of Gulls on the Norfolk Coast ... 103 Wild Fowl in Norfolk in the Winter 1923-24 ... 544 Woodcock in Norfolk in the Winter 1923-24 ... 547 Riviere, B. B., and Long, S. H.—Fauna and Flora of Nor- folk—Birds ... ... ... ... ... 586 Robinson, F.—Notes on some new Norfolk Plants ... ... 326 Sutton, W. L.—-Effects of the Drought on the Water Supply of Norfolk ... ... ... ... ... 255 " ” Ticehurst, N. F. —Stevenson’s Birds of Norfolk : A Correction ... ... ... ... ... 202 Turner, Miss E. L.—Presidential Address—The Status of Birds in Broadland ... ... ... 227 Turner, E. L. and Coward, T. A. —Spring Migration at Scolt Head ... ... ... ... ... 528 Vaughan, M.-—The Black-tailed Godwit ... ... ... 59 Watson, Katherine M. —The Tern Colony at Blakeney Point 168 Vll LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Page Contour Map of Norfolk facing 24 Sketch-map of Norfolk showing Watersheds and River Systems 25 Geological Sections across Norfolk and Suffolk ... 34 Geological Section across East Anglia ... 35 Scrobicularia burying itself in the sand facing 84 Chart of Headland of Blakeney Point ... 87 Outline Map of Norfolk facing 104 Utricularia 5> 138 Diagram of Bladder Arrangement in Utricularia minor ... 141 Utricularia minor facing 142 Utricularia intermedia ... ... ... ... 99 146 Utricularia vulgaris 99 147 Utricularia intermedia : Longitudinal Section of the Bladder 9 9 150 Utricularia : Structure of Bladder ... 99 152 Diagram of Colour Scale used in Egg-recording investigation 170 Mottling and Colour Scale in Egg-recording investigation 171 Nests of the Common Tern facing 173 Map of Blakeney Point ... 173 Nests of the Common Tern facing 174 ” Sketch of the Aphanapteryx, the “ Mauritius Hen ... 201 Larch Tree attacked by Woodpeckers facing 217 Black Variety of Swallow-tailed Butterfly ... 99 218 Portrait of Colonel H. W. Feilden 99 220 Portrait of H. M. Upcher 99 222 Portrait of James Reeve ,, 224 Scoulton Mere, dried up 9 9 254 Fowlmere in the j^ear of the Great Drought, 1921 ... 254 Fowlmere, under a crop of roots 9 9 274 Nest and Eggs of Little Tern 99 302 Nest and Eggs of Common Tern 302 Nest and Eggs of Roseate Tern (in error for Common Tern) 304 Nest and Eggs of Arctic Tern 9 9 304 Nest and Egg of Sandwich Tern ,, 306 Nest and Eggs of Oyster-catcher 9 9 306 337 The Hut at Scolt Head 9 9 Diagram of Scolt Head Island ,, 338 Scolt Head Island : Ceremony of handing over the Title Deeds to the National Trust 339 vm Page A “ Blow-out ” in the Dunes on Scolt Head Island facing 340 Views of Scolt Head Island ... ... ... ... ,, 343 Blakeney Point : Aerial Map of the Headland ... ,, 399 Diagram of Blakeney Point ... 402 Aerial Photographs of Areas on Blakeney Point ... facing 403 Aeroplane landed on Blakeney Point ... ... ,, 404 Blakeney Point : the Point House after recon- struction ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, 416 Cley concrete sea-wall partially demolished by a high tide ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, 416 Blakeney Far Foint, showing Pioneer Vegetation ... ,, 419 Young Bittern ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, 423 Robert James Pinchen, the Watcher on Blakeney Point ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, 425 Grey Wagtail on Nest at Taverham Mill ... ... ,, 425 Sonchus palustris ... ... ... ... ... ,, 454 Portrait of J. H. Gurney ... ... ... ... „ 457 Portrait of F. W. Harmer ... ... ... ... ,. 477 Dragon-flies in soaring flight ... ... ... ... „ 516 Sandwich Terns’ Nests on Blakeney Point ... ... „ 553 Nest with three eggs of Sandwich Tern ... ,, 553 Nest of Redshank in Suceda. fruticosa ... ... „ 555 Nest of Roseate Tern on Scolt Head .. ... ... „ 555 The Scolt Head Massive from the S.W. ... ... ,, 565 Sketch Map of the Scolt Head System 567a Sketch Map of the Blakeney Point System ... 567 b Salicornia Marsh on the Headland, Blakeney Point facing 568 The Old Ternery, Blakeney Point ... ... ... ,, 571 The New Ternery on Blakeney Far Point ... ... ,, 574 Blakeney Point : Oblique Aerial Pictures ... ... ,, 577 Portrait of Rev. M. C. H. Bird ... ... ... ,, 608 IX INDEX TO VOLUME XI Page Auction, Dutch, description of a ... 373 Azolla, its distribution in Holland 371 Bartlett (A.), Reminiscences of 16 Bird (Rev. M. C. H.), 1857-1924, Obituary of, with Por :rait 608 Birds in Broadland, Status of in 1922 228 Birds, Wild, Protection in Norfolk in 1921 194 19221 301 99 99 99 99 9 9 ... „ „ „ „ 1923 422 » .. „ „ „ 1924 550 Blakeney Point, Air Survey of 398 Blakeney Point, compared with Scolt Head 565 Blakeney Point, the Birds of, in Nesting Season 344 Blakeney Point, its acquisition by the National Trust 418 Blakeney Point, description of the Point House 416 Blakeney Point, changes in Topography of 85 Blakeney Point, the Soils of 404 Blakeney Point, the Colours on 411 Blakeney Point, the Sounds on 410 Blakeney Point, Vegetation of 568 Blakeney Point, description of an abnormal high tide c 415 Blakeney Point, the Tern Colony on 168 Blakeney Point, visits by the N. and N. Nat. Soc. 409 Blakeney Point, Report of Committee for 1917-19 81 Blakeney Point Publications, list of 95 Blakeney Point, under War Conditions ... 89 Borings in Norfolk, table of 28 Broadland Birds, status of in 1922 228 Bulfer Grove, presentation of to the National Trust 82 391 Burrell (Rev. J.), account of Chalk, the Surface and Dip of in Norfolk 22 Cricket, the Mole, in Norfolk 219 Crow, Hooded, nesting in Norfolk 101 Denny (H.), account of 393 Dog-fish, Black-mouthed, as a Norfolk fish 74 Dolphin, Bottle-nosed, stranded on Blakeney Point in 920 219 Dolphin, White-beaked, in Norfolk 100 Dragon-flies, the soaring of... 514 Drought, The, of 1921 in Norfolk ... 241 Drought, The, of 1921 in Breckland 254 X Page Drought, The, in its Effects on the Water Supply of Norfolk ... 255 Excursion of the Society to Blakeney Point ... ... ... 213 Excursion of the Society to Holkham Hall 213 Feilden (Col. H.