NCAR/TN-1 19+PROC NCAR TECHNICAL NOTE IlP Ab March 1977 Fellowship Program in Scientific Computing; Internship Program for Minority Students Computing Facility Summer 1976 Editors: Jeanne C. Adams Russell K. Rew ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGY DIVISIONhi 8 as b 1 -e - -- I _ - :,, NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH i BOULDER, COLORADC I iii PREFACE The papers contained in the 1976 Technical Note NCAR/TN-119+PROC represent the research and programming carried out by 12 students in the Computing Facility summer programs during the summer of 1976. The papers were written by the students, and reviewed by the scientific and programming staff who worked with them. A wide variety of topics are included, since the students were assigned to many different projects according to their interests and their academic background. Many staff members part- icipated--scientists, programmers and technical staff--supervising students, . consulting, giving lectures and courses for the students. The Computing Facility Staff Summer Fellowship Program Russell Rew, the Computing Facility Librarian, was co-director of the Jeanne Adams program. Linda Besen was administrative Program Dixector assistant for the program as well as editorial assistant for the collection of papers presented in this report. Internship Program Richard Valent, Jo Walsh and Fred Glare supervised the interns in their work assignments. Richard Valent monitored y ii the course credit hours for which the students had registered under a cooperative >7 education arrangement with their univ- ersities. Russell Rew Program Co-Director iv The Students Two groups of students participated, one group of nine in the Summer Fellowship Program in Scientific Computing; the other group of three in the Internship Program Left to right: Eric Barron, Jim for minority students. The Thrasher, Kerry EmanueZ, Camp Tones Summer Fellowship students were: Student University Jon Ahlquist University of Wisconsin at Madison Eric Barron University of Miami Kerry Emanuel Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lynn Hubbard (UCAR Fellow) University of California at Riverside Iluei-Iin Lu Florida State University Curtis Mobley University of Maryland Gary Newman Pennsylvania State University Joelee Normand University of Oklahoma James Thrasher University of California at Davis The three students listed below were selected to participate in the Internship Program. Karen Kendrick Atlanta University Arleen Kimble Prairie View A & M University Campanella Tones Prairie View A & M University v Summer Fellowship Program The students arrived at NCAR around June 14. These students, most of whom are graduate students, are chosen on the basis of their interest in the atmospheric sciences, as well as their academic background. A committee of three staff members at NCAR examined the applications and made the selections. The students spent the first two and a half weeks in an intensive programming review, so that they would have an introduction to the most unfamiliar features of the NCAR operating system before work was begun on the scientific projects. The topics covered during this first part of the summer were varied: Russell Rew conducted seminars that reviewed FORTRAN and the NCAR operating system for half a day; the other half day covered topics in input/output, which I presented. The students all wrote and designed a program which required the buffering techniques usually needed for a large simulation model that is not core-contained. An introduction to direct access was presented as an alternate approach to complicated problems with out-of-core data arrays. The topics in the first two and a half week review are listed. Marie Working lectures on "Terminal Command Language; John Gary 's talk is on "Numerical Solution of Hyperbolic Equations." vi FORTRAN Review Input/Output 1st Week NCAR System Orientation I/O and Control Cards I/O--Word Formats, Computer Arithmetic, Core Dumps Physical Characteristics of I/O Devices and Tapes 2nd Week FORTRAN Review Files and Sequential Access Blocking and Use of LCM Datasets and Direct Access I/O Overlays 3rd Week Programming Style SAVE and RESTART Use of Graphics Special Routines for Use in I/O Access Time and Transfer Rates Computing Facility Summer Seminar Series For the remainder of the summer there were two lecture series given weekly. One series introduced simulation models that have been designed and implemented at NCAR. The other series included special topics of general interest to users, as well as a discussion of Computing Facility :;:::.......... ......... supporting university visitors. *..r :.................. .. _... ... ... These lectures, the Computing Facility 0000iiis~ ~ Summer Seminar Series, were primarily for the students in the Fellowship program; .......... ,~l- however, the lectures were ........ announced weekly in NCAR Staff Notes and other visitors and NCAR staff .....li....I.................Summer were invitedSe to attend. Russell Rew gives the students an introduction to the NCAR System vii Cicely Ridley explains how to apply for computer time in a lecture given by her and Jeanne Adams, "Applications for CRU and Site Initiation." Left to right are Gary Newman, Joelee Normand, Curt Mob ley, Cicely Ridley, Camp Tones and Eric Barron. Tuesday Series - Special Topics Topic Speaker Overview of Communications Hardware and Software Gary Aitken Mass Storage System Hardware and Software Jeanne Adams and Bernie O'Lear Special Routines for Use in I/O Will Spangler FORTPAN Standards and Program Portability Jeanne Adams The Status of Mathematical Software Alan Cline TLIB and NEWVOL Will Spangler Initial Boundary-Value Problems in Fluid Dynamics Joe Oliger The FRED Preprocessor Dave Kennison Sorting on Vector Computers Harold S. Stone Random File I/O in Higher Level Language-A Comparison Gary Aitken Terminal Command Language Marie Working Applications for CRU and Site Initiation Jeanne Adams and Cicely Ridley Data Archiving Paul Mulder Making Mini Computers Look Like RJE Terminals Dave Robertson viii Thursday Series- Computing in the Atmospheric Sciences Topic Speaker Introduction to Computing in the Physical Sciences Cecil Leith Data Structures for Large Models Dick Sato Processing Results from Large Models Dave Fulker The NCAR GCM Warren Washington Numerical Solution of One-Dimensional Non-Linear Jordan Hastings Parabolic Equations Numerical Solution of Hyperbolic Equations John Gary Numerical Solution of Elliptical Equations Roland Sweet Fast Fourier Transformations Paul Swarztrauber A Coronal Magnetic Field Model John Adams Numerical Solution of Integral Equations Ben Domenico Rob Gerritsen, consultant to the Advanced Methods Group of the Computing Facility, gave a course that met three times a week on Data Management. The students also attended other lectures offered at NCAR in scientific topics by a variety of visitors and staff. En g i efeie ng (e ft) and Warren Washington of NCAR were among ;i:-l-j ithe, i speake2rs in- ,he seminar series eat tZed "Com autingin 'i the Atmospheric Scinces." ix Participating Scientists The participating scientists supervised the theoretical aspects of the research projects of the students. Without the support and co- operation of these scientists, the program could not use real projects for study. I want to acknowledge and thank the scientists for their participation in the program and their interest in the students. They provided many hours of consultation and scientific support. Scientist Student Grant Branstator Joelee Normand Jim Deardorff Jim Thrasher Tzvi Gal-Chen Eric Barron Jack Herring Gary Newman Akira Kasahara Huei-Iin Lu C. S. Kiang Lynn Hubbard Stephen Schneider Jon Ahlquist Roland Sweet Curt Mobley Ed Zipser Kerry Emanuel Foreground, left to right: Joelee Normand and Jon AhZquist, Summer Fellowship students; background, Mary Trembour, NCAR. x Summer Internship Program The interns arrived at NCAR on June 1. There were two under- graduates from the Computer Science Education department of Prairie View A & M University and one undergraduate from the Computation Center of Atlanta University. Clyde Christopher, Director of Computer Science Education at Prairie View A & M University, was a guest lecturer during the first week of the program. Grover Simmons, Director of the Computation Center Clyde Christopher at Atlanta University, lectured and provided consulting for the students during the latter part of the program. Internship Courses During the first few weeks of the program, Jo Walsh taught Beginning FORTRAN for the Computing Facility Interns and the student interns active in the Advanced Study Program. This class was essentially a review for the interns since they already had programming experience through their course work. During this same period, I taught a course in "Computer Organization" for which the three Computing Facility Interns received 3 credit hours. The second credit course was offered during the later part of the summer. The following Computing Facility Staff gave lectures in Numerical Calculus; Richard Valent organized the course as well as lectured. Grover Simmons xi Topic Speaker Error Discussion Jo Walsh Derivatives Ben Domenico Matrix and Linear Simultaneous Equations Ben Domenico Polynomial Approximation Fred Clare Roots of Equations Dick Valent Integrals Russ Rew Euler's Method Jo Walsh The interns attended a number of the sessions in the lecture series as w.ell as their courses and the testing project meetings throughout the summer. .............. r (ASP Student) and Karen Kendrick (Intern)