June 14, 2011 u vol. 108 u no. 24 u 9727–10022 Cover image: Pictured is the ladybird beetle Delphastus catalinae next to the rim of a US one cent coin. Stephen T. Deyrup and colleagues used 2D NMR spectroscopy to screen metabolites, including defensive polyketides that these tiny beetles produce. The technique revealed partial molecular structures that allowed the authors to identify novel compounds within the complex mixtures without prior fractionation or isolation. See the article by Deyrup et al. on pages 9753–9758. Image courtesy of Frank C. Schroeder. From the Cover 9753 Searching for new chemical entities 9776 Clay minerals and carbon sequestration 9782 Innate grasp of Euclidean geometry 9851 Targeting cancer with hyperthermia 9910 Speciation among whiptail lizards 9733 Spontaneous speciation by ploidy elevation: Laboratory Contents synthesis of a new clonal vertebrate Craig Moritz and Ke Bi See companion article on page 9910 THIS WEEK IN PNAS 9727 In This Issue PNAS PLUS (AUTHOR SUMMARIES) LETTERS (ONLINE ONLY) BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES E198 Algal ice-binding proteins change the structure of sea ice CELL BIOLOGY James A. Raymond 9735 Targeting and imaging single biomolecules in living cells E199 ADAR1 isoform involvement in embryonic lethality by complementation-activated light microscopy with Richard A. Steinman and Qingde Wang split-fluorescent proteins Fabien Pinaud and Maxime Dahan E200 Reply to Steinman and Wang: Involvement of the p150 See full research article on page E201 of www.pnas.org isoform of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 in embryonic lethality Simone V. Ward, Cyril X. George, Charles E. Samuel, PHYSIOLOGY and Michael B. A. Oldstone 9737 Defects in coatomer protein I (COPI) transport cause blood feeding-induced mortality in Yellow COMMENTARIES Fever mosquitoes Jun Isoe, Jennifer Collins, Hemant Badgandi, W. Anthony Day, and Roger L. Miesfeld fl 9729 Terrestrial in uences on carbon burial at sea See full research article on page E211 of www.pnas.org Richard G. Keil See companion article on page 9776 PHYSICAL SCIENCES 9731 Homologous recombination research is heating up and ready for therapy CHEMISTRY Simon N. Powell and Lisa A. Kachnic 9735 Targeting and imaging single biomolecules in living cells See companion article on page 9851 by complementation-activated light microscopy with split-fluorescent proteins Fabien Pinaud and Maxime Dahan Free online through the PNAS open access option. See full research article on page E201 of www.pnas.org PNAS u June 14, 2011 u vol. 108 u no. 24 u iii–vii Downloaded by guest on September 23, 2021 INAUGURAL ARTICLE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 9739 Adaptive shape processing in primary visual cortex ANTHROPOLOGY Justin N. J. McManus, Wu Li, and Charles D. Gilbert 9788 Ancient DNA reveals male diffusion through the Neolithic Mediterranean route Marie Lacan, Christine Keyser, François-Xavier Ricaut, PHYSICAL SCIENCES Nicolas Brucato, Francis Duranthon, Jean Guilaine, Eric Crubézy, and Bertrand Ludes CHEMISTRY 9792 Exploring the contribution and significance of animal 9747 Elucidating glycosaminoglycan–protein–protein protein in the diet of bonobos by stable isotope interactions using carbohydrate microarray and ratio analysis of hair computational approaches Vicky M. Oelze, Benjamin T. Fuller, Michael P. Richards, Claude J. Rogers, Peter M. Clark, Sarah E. Tully, Ravinder Barbara Fruth, Martin Surbeck, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Abrol, K. Christopher Garcia, William A. Goddard III, and Gottfried Hohmann and Linda C. Hsieh-Wilson BIOCHEMISTRY 9753 2D NMR-spectroscopic screening reveals polyketides 9747 Elucidating glycosaminoglycan–protein–protein in ladybugs interactions using carbohydrate microarray and Stephen T. Deyrup, Laura E. Eckman, Patrick H. McCarthy, computational approaches Scott R. Smedley, Jerrold Meinwald, and Frank C. Schroeder Claude J. Rogers, Peter M. Clark, Sarah E. Tully, Ravinder 9759 Probing osmolyte participation in the unfolding Abrol, K. Christopher Garcia, William A. Goddard III, transition state of a protein and Linda C. Hsieh-Wilson Lorna Dougan, Georgi Z. Genchev, Hui Lu, 9798 Structural plasticity of a transmembrane peptide allows and Julio M. Fernandez self-assembly into biologically active nanoparticles Sergey G. Tarasov, Vadim Gaponenko, O. M. Zack Howard, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Yuhong Chen, Joost J. Oppenheim, Marzena A. Dyba, Sriram 9765 Abrupt Holocene climate change as an important factor Subramaniam, Youngshim Lee, Christopher Michejda, for human migration in West Greenland and Nadya I. Tarasova William J. D’Andrea, Yongsong Huang, Sherilyn C. Fritz, and N. John Anderson 9804 Unusual regioversatility of acetyltransferase Eis, a cause of drug resistance in XDR-TB 9899 Benchmark map of forest carbon stocks in tropical Wenjing Chen, Tapan Biswas, Vanessa R. Porter, regions across three continents Oleg V. Tsodikov, and Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova Sassan S. Saatchi, Nancy L. Harris, Sandra Brown, Michael Lefsky, Edward T. A. Mitchard, William Salas, 9809 Recruitment interactions can override catalytic Brian R. Zutta, Wolfgang Buermann, Simon L. Lewis, interactions in determining the functional Stephen Hagen, Silvia Petrova, Lee White, Miles Silman, identity of a protein kinase and Alexandra Morel Angela P. Won, Joan E. Garbarino, and Wendell A. Lim 9815 Clofarabine 5′-di and -triphosphates inhibit human GEOLOGY ribonucleotide reductase by altering the quaternary 9770 Enhanced chemistry-climate feedbacks in past structure of its large subunit greenhouse worlds Yimon Aye and JoAnne Stubbe David J. Beerling, Andrew Fox, David S. Stevenson, and Paul J. Valdes 9821 Dual amyloid domains promote differential functioning of the chaplin proteins during Streptomyces 9776 Clay mineral continental amplifier for marine aerial morphogenesis carbon sequestration in a greenhouse ocean David S. Capstick, Ahmad Jomaa, Chistopher Hanke, Martin J. Kennedy and Thomas Wagner Joaquin Ortega, and Marie A. Elliot See Commentary on page 9729 BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY 9827 Converting structural information into an allosteric- SOCIAL SCIENCES energy-based picture for elongation factor Tu activation by the ribosome Andrew J. Adamczyk and Arieh Warshel ANTHROPOLOGY 9765 Abrupt Holocene climate change as an important factor 9833 Macromolecular assembly of polycystin-2 intracytosolic for human migration in West Greenland C-terminal domain William J. D’Andrea, Yongsong Huang, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Frederico M. Ferreira, Leandro C. Oliveira, Gregory G. and N. John Anderson Germino, José N. Onuchic, and Luiz F. Onuchic 9839 Intrinsic disorder in measles virus nucleocapsids PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES Malene Ringkjøbing Jensen, Guillaume Communie, 9782 Flexible intuitions of Euclidean geometry in an Euripedes Almeida Ribeiro, Jr., Nicolas Martinez, Amazonian indigene group Ambroise Desfosses, Loïc Salmon, Luca Mollica, Véronique Izard, Pierre Pica, Elizabeth S. Spelke, Frank Gabel, Marc Jamin, Sonia Longhi, and Stanislas Dehaene Rob W. H. Ruigrok, and Martin Blackledge iv u www.pnas.org Downloaded by guest on September 23, 2021 CELL BIOLOGY 9899 Benchmark map of forest carbon stocks in tropical 9845 Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-associated regions across three continents KIAA0101/PAF15 protein is a cell cycle-regulated Sassan S. Saatchi, Nancy L. Harris, Sandra Brown, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome substrate Michael Lefsky, Edward T. A. Mitchard, William Salas, Michael J. Emanuele, Alberto Ciccia, Andrew E. H. Elia, Brian R. Zutta, Wolfgang Buermann, Simon L. Lewis, and Stephen J. Elledge Stephen Hagen, Silvia Petrova, Lee White, Miles Silman, and Alexandra Morel 9851 Mild hyperthermia inhibits homologous recombination, induces BRCA2 degradation, and sensitizes cancer cells 9905 Apoptosis and the selective survival of host animals to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibition following thermal bleaching in zooxanthellate corals Przemek M. Krawczyk, Berina Eppink, Jeroen Essers, Jan Dan Tchernov, Hagit Kvitt, Liti Haramaty, Thomas S. Bibby, Stap, Hans Rodermond, Hanny Odijk, Alex Zelensky, Chris Maxim Y. Gorbunov, Hanna Rosenfeld, van Bree, Lukas J. Stalpers, Marrije R. Buist, Thomas Soullié, and Paul G. Falkowski Joost Rens, Hence J. M. Verhagen, Mark J. O’Connor, Nicolaas A. P. Franken, Timo L. M. ten Hagen, Roland Kanaar, and Jacob A. Aten EVOLUTION See Commentary on page 9731 9910 Laboratory synthesis of an independently reproducing 9857 Calcium-dependent dynamics of cadherin interactions vertebrate species at cell–cell junctions Aracely A. Lutes, Diana P. Baumann, William B. Neaves, Sally A. Kim, Chin-Yin Tai, Lee-Peng Mok, Eric A. Mosser, and Peter Baumann and Erin M. Schuman See Commentary on page 9733 9863 A program of microRNAs controls osteogenic lineage 9916 A biophysical protein folding model accounts for progression by targeting transcription factor Runx2 most mutational fitness effects in viruses Ying Zhang, Rong-lin Xie, Carlo M. Croce, Janet L. Stein, C. Scott Wylie and Eugene I. Shakhnovich Jane B. Lian, Andre J. van Wijnen, and Gary S. Stein 9922 Protein-specific manipulation of ejaculate composition 9869 Minimal requirements for actin filament disassembly in response to female mating status in revealed by structural analysis of malaria parasite Drosophila melanogaster actin-depolymerizing factor 1 Laura K. Sirot, Mariana F. Wolfner, and Stuart Wigby Wilson Wong, Colleen T. Skau, Danushka S. Marapana, Eric Hanssen, Nicole L. Taylor, David T. Riglar, Elizabeth S. Zuccala, Fiona Angrisano, Heather Lewis, Bruno Catimel, IMMUNOLOGY Oliver B. Clarke, Nadia