115060 V1 Public Disclosure Authorized Lake Victoria North Water Services Board Lake Victoria South Water Services Board PROPOSED DROUGHT MITIGATION BOREHOLES FOR LAKE VICTORIA SOUTH WATER SERVICES BOARD (LVSWSB) Proposed Nyamila Borehole (Homa Bay County) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (PROJECT REPORT) Consultant: Harrison W. Ngirigacha (MSc. WERM, BSc. Chem, NEMA Reg.) Lead Expert P. O. Box 1902 – 00100, Nairobi Public Disclosure Authorized Tel. +254 722 809 026 Email: [email protected], [email protected] April 2017 Drought Mitigation Boreholes For Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) ESIA Project Report – Proposed Nyamila Borehole (Homa Bay County) Client: Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) / Water and Sanitation Improvement Project – Additional Financing (WaSSIP-AF) Assignment: Undertake ESIA Project Report Proposed Nyamila Borehole in Homa Bay County Report Title: Environment and Social Impact Assessment Project Report Report Prepared by: Harrison W. Ngirigacha (MSc. WERM, BSc. Chem. NEMA Reg.), Lead EIA Expert Aquaclean Services Limited P. O. Box 1902 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya Tel. +254 722 809026 Email: [email protected] Signed: Date: Mr. Harrison W. Ngirigacha (MSc. WERM, BSc. Chem. NEMA Reg.), Lead EIA Expert (NEMA Reg. No. 0027) Client: Chief Executive Officer, Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) Lavictors House, off Ring Road, Milimani P. O. Box 3325 – 40100, Kisumu, Kenya Tel.: +254-057-2025128 Fax: +254-057-2025127 Signed: Date: Page 1 of 135 Water and Sanitation Improvement Project – Additional Financing (WaSSIP-AF) Consultant – H. W. Ngirigacha (Lead Expert) Drought Mitigation Boreholes For Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) ESIA Project Report – Proposed Nyamila Borehole (Homa Bay County) Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 1: PROJECT BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................... 11 1.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2 LAKE VICTORIA SOUTH WATER SERVICES BOARD...................................................................................... 11 1.3 THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................................................. 12 1.4 EIA JUSTIFICATION ..................................................................................................................................... 13 1.5 TERMS OF REFERENCE .............................................................................................................................. 14 1.5.1 EIA Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 14 1.5.2 Scope of EIA .................................................................................................................................... 14 1.6 EIA METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 15 1.6.1 Environment Assessment ............................................................................................................... 15 1.6.2 Stakeholders Consultations ............................................................................................................ 15 1.6.3 Field Assessment ............................................................................................................................ 16 1.6.4 Reporting .......................................................................................................................................... 16 1.7 ESIA TEAM ................................................................................................................................................ 16 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 18 2.1 PROJECT LOCATION ................................................................................................................................... 18 2.2 EXISTING SITUATION .................................................................................................................................. 19 2.3 PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................. 20 2.4 PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS ....................................................................................................................... 20 2.5 THE PROJECT COMPONENTS...................................................................................................................... 21 2.6 DESIGN CONCEPTS .................................................................................................................................... 22 2.1.1 General ............................................................................................................................................. 22 2.1.2 Water Transmission and Distribution ............................................................................................. 22 2.1.3 The Pumping System ...................................................................................................................... 22 2.1.4 Existing Water Sources ................................................................................................................... 23 2.7 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................. 24 2.7.1 “NO Action” Alternative.................................................................................................................... 24 2.7.2 Water Sources Alternatives ............................................................................................................ 24 2.7.3 Distribution Alternatives .................................................................................................................. 25 2.7.4 Management Alternatives ............................................................................................................... 25 2.8 ANTICIPATED CHALLENGES ........................................................................................................................ 25 2.9 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN .............................................................................................................................. 25 2.10 COST ESTIMATES ....................................................................................................................................... 25 CHAPTER 3: POLICY, LEGAL ISSUES AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK......................................... 27 3.1 AN OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................................ 27 3.2 POLICY PROVISIONS ................................................................................................................................... 27 3.2.1 Constitution of Kenya ...................................................................................................................... 27 3.2.2 Environmental Policy Framework ................................................................................................... 28 3.2.3 Kenya Vision 2030 ........................................................................................................................... 29 3.2.4 National Water Policy ...................................................................................................................... 29 3.2.5 The Agricultural Policy ..................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.6 The Land Policy ............................................................................................................................... 30 3.3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................................... 31 3.3.1 Environmental Management and Co-ordination Act (EMCA) ....................................................... 31 3.3.2 Environmental Management Regulations ...................................................................................... 32 3.3.3 County Governments Act ................................................................................................................ 33 3.3.4 The Water Act (2002) ...................................................................................................................... 33 Page 2 of 135 Water and Sanitation Improvement Project – Additional Financing (WaSSIP-AF) Consultant – H. W. Ngirigacha (Lead Expert) Drought Mitigation Boreholes For Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) ESIA Project Report – Proposed Nyamila Borehole (Homa Bay County) 3.3.5 Water Resources Management Rules 2007 .................................................................................. 34 3.3.6 Agricultural Act ................................................................................................................................