Biological and Water Quality Study of the Huron River Basin, 2016 Erie, Seneca, Huron, Crawford and Richland Counties Huron River at Milan Wildlife Area Ohio EPA Technical Report AMS/2016‐HURON‐2 Division of Surface Water Assessment and Modeling Section January 2020 AMS/2016‐HURON‐2 Draft Biological and Water Quality Study of the Huron River Basin, 2016 January 2020 Draft Biological and Water Quality Study of the Huron River Basin, 2016 Erie, Seneca, Huron, Crawford and Richland Counties January 2020 Ohio EPA Technical Report AMS/2016‐HURON‐2 Prepared by: Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Division of Surface Water Lazarus Government Center 50 W. Town Street, Suite 700 Columbus, Ohio 43215 Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Division of Surface Water Groveport Field Office 4675 Homer Ohio Lane Groveport, Ohio 43125 and Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Northwest District Office 347 N. Dunbridge Road Bowling Green, Ohio 43402 Mail to: P.O. Box 1049 Columbus, Ohio 43216‐1049 Mike DeWine, Governor, State of Ohio Laurie A. Stevenson, Director, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Page 1 of 149 AMS/2016‐HURON‐2 Draft Biological and Water Quality Study of the Huron River Basin, 2016 January 2020 Table of Contents List of Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Components of an Ohio EPA Biological and Water Quality Survey ......................................................................................................... 17 What is a Biological and Water Quality Survey? ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Hierarchy of Indicators .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Ohio Water Quality Standards: Designated Aquatic Life Use ................................................................................................................ 19 Ohio Water Quality Standards: Non-Aquatic Life Uses ............................................................................................................................ 20 Mechanisms for Water Quality Impairment ................................................................................................................................................. 21 Habitat and Flow Alterations ......................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Siltation and Sedimentation ........................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Nutrient Enrichment ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Organic Enrichment and Low Dissolved Oxygen .................................................................................................................................. 23 Ammonia ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23 Metals ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Bacteria .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Sediment Contamination ................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 Materials and Methods ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Determining Use Attainment Status ........................................................................................................................................................... 25 Habitat Assessment ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 26 Sediment and Surface Water Assessment ................................................................................................................................................ 26 Recreation Use Assessment ............................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Macroinvertebrate Community Assessment .......................................................................................................................................... 27 Fish Community Assessment ......................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Causal Associations ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Overview: Huron River Watershed ........................................................................................................................................................................ 28 Study Area Description ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 34 Location ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Land Use........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 34 Ecoregions, Geology and Soils ............................................................................................................................................................................. 34 Hydrology ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35 Wastewater Discharge Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Protected Lands ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37 Drinking Water Supply ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Aquatic Life Use Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 Water Chemistry Results ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Weight of Evidence Nutrient Assessment ...................................................................................................................................................... 46 Sediment Chemistry ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 51 Physical Habitat Results ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 52 Physiography and Ecoregions ....................................................................................................................................................................... 52 Macrohabitat Quality ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 54 Fish Community Results .......................................................................................................................................................................................
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