WSTP 4.1 Manual 1 WHEELCHAIR SKILLS PROGRAM (WSP) VERSION 4.1 WHEELCHAIR SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAM (WSTP) MANUAL This manual and related materials can be downloaded from: www.wheelchairskillsprogram.ca For further information, contact: [email protected] WSTP Version 4.1 originally approved for distribution and use: March 14, 2008 Current edition: February 18, 2010. WSTP 4.1 Manual 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION TO THE WSTP ............................................................................................ 5 2. GENERAL BACKGROUND ON MOTOR SKILLS LEARNING .......................................... 7 3. SPECIFIC ISSUES OF IMPORTANCE FOR MOTOR SKILLS LEARNING......................... 8 3.1. The Learning Process .................................................................................................. 8 3.2. Safety ........................................................................................................................... 8 3.3. Spotters......................................................................................................................... 9 3.4. Trainers......................................................................................................................... 9 3.5. Assessment of Wheelchair Skills .............................................................................. 10 3.6. Set Achievable Goals ................................................................................................. 10 3.7. Individualize the Training Process............................................................................. 10 3.8. Determine Who the Learner(s) Will Be ..................................................................... 11 3.9. Structure of Training .................................................................................................. 12 3.10. Training in Pairs or Groups...................................................................................... 12 3.11. Motivation................................................................................................................ 12 3.12. Demonstration .......................................................................................................... 13 3.13. Verbal Instructions ................................................................................................... 13 3.14. Focus of Attention.................................................................................................... 14 3.15. Imagery..................................................................................................................... 14 3.16. Feedback................................................................................................................... 14 3.17. Feedback Content..................................................................................................... 15 3.18. Timing of Feedback.................................................................................................. 15 3.19. Specificity of Practice .............................................................................................. 16 3.20. Amount of Practice................................................................................................... 16 3.21. Facilitate Retention .................................................................................................. 17 3.22. Variability of Practice .............................................................................................. 18 3.23. Distribution of Practice ............................................................................................ 18 3.24. Whole versus Part Practice....................................................................................... 19 3.25. Simplification and Progression ................................................................................ 19 4. LESSON PLANS ...................................................................................................................... 21 5.0 SKILL GROUPS..................................................................................................................... 23 5.1. How to operate the parts of the wheelchair................................................................ 23 5.2. Understanding the dimensions of the wheelchair....................................................... 23 5.3. Getting into, out of and repositioning oneself with respect to the wheelchair .......... 23 5.4. Moving the wheelchair around on smooth level surfaces .......................................... 23 5.5. Using the environment .............................................................................................. 23 5.6. Skills that require leaning forward or backwards in the wheelchair .......................... 23 WSTP Version 4.1 originally approved for distribution and use: March 14, 2008 Current edition: February 18, 2010. WSTP 4.1 Manual 3 5.7. Skills that require popping the front wheels briefly off the surface ........................... 24 5.8. Skills for which balancing on the rear wheels is necessary........................................ 24 5.9. Working with a helper................................................................................................ 24 6.0. TABLES OF INDIVIDUAL SKILLS .................................................................................... 25 7.0. INDIVIDUAL SKILLS .......................................................................................................... 32 7.1 Moves controller away and back .................................................................................. 33 7.2 Turns controller on and off ........................................................................................... 34 7.3 Selects drive modes and speeds.................................................................................... 35 7.4 Controls tilt function..................................................................................................... 36 7.5 Controls recline function .............................................................................................. 38 7.6 Disengages and engages motors ................................................................................... 40 7.7 Operates battery charger ............................................................................................... 41 7.8 Rolls forward 10m..............................................................................................................42 7.9 Rolls forward 10m in 30s ...................................................................................................46 7.10 Rolls backward 5m ...........................................................................................................47 7.11 Turns 90 ° while moving forward .....................................................................................49 7.12 Turns 90 ° while moving backward ..................................................................................51 7.13 Turns 180 ° in place ..................................................................................................... 52 7.14 Maneuvers sideways.........................................................................................................54 7.15 Gets through hinged door in both directions. ............................................................... 56 7.16 Reaches 1.5m high object.................................................................................................60 7.17 Picks object from floor .....................................................................................................62 7.18 Relieves weight from buttocks.........................................................................................63 7.19 Transfers from wheelchair to bench and back .................................................................65 7.20 Folds and unfolds wheelchair...........................................................................................74 7.21 Rolls 100m........................................................................................................................76 7.22 Avoids moving obstacles..................................................................................................77 7.23 Ascends 5 ° incline ............................................................................................................79 7.24 Descends 5 ° incline ..........................................................................................................82 7.25 Ascends 10 ° incline ..........................................................................................................85 7.26 Descends 10 ° incline ........................................................................................................86 7.27 Rolls 2m across 5 ° side-slope...........................................................................................88 7.28 Rolls 2m on soft surface...................................................................................................90 7.29 Gets over 15cm pot-hole ..................................................................................................93 7.30 Gets over 2cm threshold...................................................................................................97 7.31 Ascends 5cm level change................................................................................................99 7.32 Descends 5cm level change............................................................................................102