Tel: +27 11 676 3000 | Web: www.guideacademy.co.za Module 3 Gauteng Gauteng Province GAUTENG ........................................................................................................................................ 7 INTRODUCTION - TRANSVAAL .......................................................... 7 PHYSICAL FEATURES AND BOUNDARIES ........................................................................................... 7 HISTORY ......................................................................................................................................... 7 The Early Inhabitants ................................................................................................................ 7 Early Europeans ........................................................................................................................ 8 Important dates ......................................................................................................................... 8 GAUTENG ECONOMY ..................................................................................................................... 11 Manufacturing ......................................................................................................................... 11 Basic facts and statistics ......................................................................................................... 11 Mining ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Commerce, Catering and Accommodation ............................................................................. 13 Financial and Business Sector ................................................................................................ 13 Agriculture ............................................................................................................................... 13 GEOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS .................................................................................. 13 MINING ......................................................................................................................................... 13 PREHISTORIC AND EARLY HISTORY ................................................................................................ 14 Early Stone Age ...................................................................................................................... 14 The Middle Stone Age ............................................................................................................. 14 The Late Stone Age ................................................................................................................ 14 The Khoisan (Bushmen) ......................................................................................................... 15 The Khoikhoi ........................................................................................................................... 15 Early Iron Age ......................................................................................................................... 15 Late Iron Age ........................................................................................................................... 15 GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION ............................................................................................................. 15 COMPOSITION OF GAUTENG POPULATION ...................................................................................... 16 LANGUAGE COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION OF GAUTENG: .......................................................... 16 CLIMATIC FEATURES ..................................................................................................................... 16 FAUNA AND FLORA OF GAUTENG ................................................................................................... 16 FRESH WATER RESOURCES .......................................................................................................... 17 AGRICULTURE ............................................................................................................................... 17 TRANSPORT .................................................................................................................................. 17 Railways: ................................................................................................................................. 17 Roads: ..................................................................................................................................... 18 Airways: ................................................................................................................................... 18 JOHANNESBURG ......................................................................................................................... 20 ECONOMY & FINANCE ................................................................................................................... 21 CLIMATE ....................................................................................................................................... 21 AGRICULTURE ............................................................................................................................... 22 FAUNA AND FLORA ........................................................................................................................ 22 POPULATION ................................................................................................................................. 22 WATER SUPPLY ............................................................................................................................ 22 TRANSPORT .................................................................................................................................. 23 EDUCATION................................................................................................................................... 23 Universities: ............................................................................................................................. 23 Technikon: ............................................................................................................................... 23 HISTORICAL MONUMENTS .............................................................................................................. 23 The N.Z.A.S.M. Locomotive: ................................................................................................... 23 The Diaz Cross: ...................................................................................................................... 23 The Old Fort: ........................................................................................................................... 23 The Stone House, Parktown: .................................................................................................. 23 Melville Koppies Nature Reserve: ........................................................................................... 24 Randjeslaagte Beacon: ........................................................................................................... 24 The Gold Claims of the Discoverers of the Main Reef Group of Conglomerates of the Witwatersrand, Langlaagte: .................................................................................................... 24 Site of Surrender of Dr. L.S. Jameson, Roodepoort: .............................................................. 24 HISTORICAL AND IMPORTANT BUILDINGS AND STREETS ................................................................... 25 Commissioner Street ............................................................................................................... 25 Carlton Centre - Commissioner Street .................................................................................... 25 Central News Agency (CNA) - Cnr. Commissioner and Rissik Streets .................................. 25 Rand Club - Cnr. Commissioner and Loveday Streets ........................................................... 25 Page 2 Gauteng Province Standard Bank - Cnr. Commissioner and Harrison ................................................................ 25 Standard Bank - 5 Simmonds Street ...................................................................................... 26 First National Bank - Cnr. Commissioner and Simmonds Streets .......................................... 26 First and Second Stock Exchange - Cnr. Commissioner and Simmonds .............................. 26 Magistrates Courts - Cnr. West and Fox Streets .................................................................... 26 Anglo American - Cnr. West and Main streets ........................................................................ 26 Hollard Street .......................................................................................................................... 27 Third Stock Exchange - Hollard Street .................................................................................... 27 Public Library - Market Street ................................................................................................. 27 Guildhall - Cnr. Market and Harrison Streets .......................................................................... 28 First National Bank Museum - 90 Market Street ..................................................................... 28 City Hall - Market Street