THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXXIX THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1300 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA 7 1955 CONTENTS ARTICLES Page Artist in Exile: The Story of Thomas Spence Duché Albert Frank Gegenheimer 3 That Mischievous Holker: The Story of a Privateer William Bell Clark 27 An Early Steamboat Plan of John Fitch Frank D. Prager 63 The Poetry of Thomas Paine A. Owen Aldridge 81 Joseph Fels of Philadelphia and London Arthur P. Dudden 143 Thomas Phillips, A Yorkshire Shoemaker in Philadelphia Clifton K. Yearley, Jr. 167 Three Hungarian Travelers Visit Economy Karl J. Arndt 197 The Diaries of Sidney George Fisher, 1841-1844 217, 343, 485 George Lippard and His Secret Brotherhood Roger Butterfield 285 The American Revolution as Lese Majesty Bradley Chapin 310 Rembrandt Peale, "Instigator" Charles Coleman Sellers 331 Quaker Humanist: James Logan as a Classical Scholar Frederick B. Tolles 415 The Treason of Ralph Morden and Robert Land John M. Coleman 439 James Josiah, Master Mariner William Bell Clark 452 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS A Note on John Dickinson's Pamphlet "A Caution*' William G. Soler 100 Butler v. Butler: A Divorce Case Incident Nicholas B. Wainwright 101 John Lewis Reports the Centennial William Randel 364 A Private Report of General Braddock's Defeat John A. Schutz 374 BOOK REVIEWS 109, 237, 379, 506 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 378, 530 REPORT OF THE TREASURER 273 iii ILLUSTRATIONS Portraits by Thomas Spence Duch6 William Rawle, 1759-1836 facing p. 3 Jacob Duché and Thomas Spence Duché facing p. 16 Esther Duché following p. 16 Jacob Duché and Elizabeth Hopkinson Duché following p. 16 John Morgan facing p. 17 Steam Engine Diagrams by John Fitch pp. 65, 70 The Girard Bank William Birch facing p. 226 George Lippard S. F. Earl facing p. 285 The Killers, by George Lippard, title page p. 307 Captain James Josiah, 1787 Charles Willson Peale facing p. 452 iv THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA OFFICERS President BOYD LEE SPAHR Vice-Presidents BOIES PENROSE WILLIAM C. TUTTLE CONYERS READ CHARLES STEWART WURTS ROY F. NICHOLS HAMILTON V. BAIL Secretary RICHMOND P. MILLER Treasurer FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND Counsel R. STURGIS INGERSOLL Councilors ISAAC H. CLOTHIER, JR. SYDNEY E. MARTIN JOHN H. GRADY ADOLPH G. ROSENGARTEN, JR. HENRY S. JEANES, JR. ERNEST C. SAVAGE ROBERT L. JOHNSON HAROLD D. SAYLOR A. ATWATER KENT, JR. FREDERICK B. TOLLES VAN ANTWERP LEA H. JUSTICE WILLIAMS The Council of the Society is composed of the President, Vice-Presidents, Secretary, Treasurer and twelve Councilors. v STANDING COMMITTEES Committee on Finance W. C. TUTTLE, Chairman In consultation with CHARLES STEWART WURTS FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND JOHN H. GRADY Committee on Library and Collections BOIES PENROSE, Chairman FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND ROY F. NICHOLS ERNEST C. SAVAGE HAMILTON V. BAIL Committee on Hall and Buildings HAMILTON V. BAIL, Chairman H. JUSTICE WILLIAMS SYDNEY E. MARTIN A. ATWATER KENT, JR. Committee on Membership and Activities RICHMOND P. MILLER, Chairman HAROLD D. EBERLEIN MRS. WALTER S. WHEELER A. G. ROSENGARTEN, JR. HENRY S. JEANES, JR. Committee on Nominations HENRY S. JEANES, JR., Chairman CHARLES STEWART WURTS ERNEST C. SAVAGE Committee on Publications ROY F. NICHOLS, Chairman BOIES PENROSB CONYERS READ FREDERICK B. TOLLES R. N. WILLIAMS, 2D vi STAFF Director R. NORRIS WILLIAMS, 2D Research Librarian and Editor NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT Associate Editor Lois V. GIVEN Assistant in Charge of the Reading Room GEORGE H. FAIRCHILD Assistant in Charge of Manuscripts Division J. HARCOURT GIVENS Assistant in Charge of Photo-reproduction HOWARD T. MITCHELL Assistant to the Treasurer SARA B. POMERANTZ Annual membership $10.00 Life membership 250.00 PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE, per annum (to non-members) 3.75 vii THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY JANUARY 1955 ARTIST IN EXILE: THE STORY OF THOMAS SPENCE DUCHÉ Albert Frank Gegenheimer 3 THAT MISCHIEVOUS HOLKER: THE STORY OF A PRIVATEER William Bell Clark 27 AN EARLY STEAMBOAT PLAN OF JOHN FITCH Frank D. Prager 63 THE POETRY OF THOMAS PAINE A. Owen Aldridge 81 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS A NOTE ON JOHN DICKINSON'S PAMPHLET "A CAUTION" William G. Soler 100 BUTLER V. BUTLER: A DIVORCE CASE INCIDENT 101 BOOK REVIEWS 109 NOTICES 139 PUBLISHED SINCE 1877 BY THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA VOLUME LXXIX NUMBER 1 BOOK REVIEWS PAGE DOLL, ed., Index to The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Volumes 1-75 (1877-1951), by Carl Bridenbaugh 109 BEALL and SHRYOCK, Cotton Mather, First Significant Figure in American Medicine, by O. H. Perry Pepper 110 Walam Olum, or Red Score: The Migration Legend of the Lenni Lenape or Delaware Indians, by Anthony F. C. Wallace 112 MULKEARN, ed., George Mercer Papers Relating to the Ohio Company of Virginia, by Frederick B. Tolles 113 RICE, The Rittenhouse Orrery, Princeton's Eighteenth-Century Planetarium, 1767-1954, by Brooke Hindle 115 WILLCOX, ed., The American Rebellion: Sir Henry Clinton's Narrative of His Campaigns, 1775-1782, by George W. Kyte 116 STOURZH, Benjamin Franklin and American Foreign Policy, by Richard W. Leopold 117 DAUER, The Adams Federalists, by Harry M. Tinkcom 119 LARKIN, Samuel F. B. Morse and American Democratic Art, by Joseph T. Fraser, Jr. 120 MIRSKY, Elisha Kent Kane and the Seafaring Frontier, by William Bell Clark 122 BODO, The Protestant Clergy and Public Issues, 1812-1848, by William W. Manross 122 COLE, The Social Ideas of the Northern Evangelists, 1826-1860, by Ira V. Brown 124 LEARSI, The Jews in America: A History, by Edwin Wolf 2nd 125 LINDSAY, The Haunted Man: A Portrait of Edgar Allan Poe, by Robert E. Spiller 127 NOEL, Villains Galore: The Heyday of the Popular Story Weekly, by Roger Butterfield 128 STERN, Purple Passage: The Life of Mrs. Frank Leslie, by Margaret Bailey Tinkcom 130 DONALD, ed., Inside Lincoln's Cabinet: The Civil War Diaries of Salmon P. Chase, by C. Vann Woodward 131 PRATT, ed., William Howard Russell's My Diary, North and South, by Thomas Robson Hay 132 HAGEDORN, The Roosevelt Family of Sagamore Hill, by R. Sturgis Ingersoll 133 MULKEARN and PUGH, A Traveler's Guide to Historic Western Pennsylvania, by John V. Miller 135 SALOMON, ed., William White's The Case of the Episcopal Churches in the United States Considered 136 HOSTETLER, Mennonite Life 136 KNOEDLER, The Harmony Society. A 19th-Century Utopia 137 MOYNE, ed., Alexandra Gripenberg's A Half Year in the New World: Miscel- laneous Sketches of Travel in the United States (1888) 137 RICHARDS, comp., A Book of Maps of Cape May, 1610-1878 137 MILLER, Pennsylvania's Oil Industry 138 CAREY, English, Irish and Scottish Firearms Makers 138 THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY is published each quarter in January, April, July and October by THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA, 1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia 7. Yearly subscription, $3.75; single numbers $1.25. Communi- cations should be addressed to the Editor. The Editors do not assume responsibility for statements of fact or of opinion made by contributors. Entered as second-class matter March 1, 1889, at the Post Office at Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania, under act of March 3,1879. THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXXIX January, 1955 NO. I SEVENTY-NINTH YEAR OF PUBLICATION Publications Committee CONYERS READ BOIES PENROSE ROY F. NICHOLS WILLIAM W. COMFORT R.NORRIS WILLIAMS, 2ND Editor NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT Associate Editor LOIS V. GIVEN Contributors ALBERT FRANK GEGENHEIMER is Associate Professor of English at the University of Arizona and editor of the Arizona Quarterly. He has published a life of the Reverend William Smith (1727- 1803) of Philadelphia, and has contributed articles to leading American journals. WILLIAM BELL CLARK is a prolific writer and the author of numerous articles published in this MAGAZINE. An authority on the naval history of the American Revolution, he has written several biographies of naval heroes. His latest book, The First Saratoga. Being the Saga of John Young and His Sloop-of-War, was pub- lished in 1953. FRANK D. PRAGER, a Chicago patent attorney, has long been inter- ested in early inventions and early patent laws. He has done much research on Fitch and his contemporaries in steamboat development, and has published articles in this field. A. OWEN ALDRIDGE is Professor of English at the University of Maryland. He has written on both English and American eighteenth-century literature, and is the editor of an anthology of English poetry soon to be published. He is currently in France where he is engaged in a study of Benjamin Franklin's relationships with French men of letters, as well as in research for a new biography of Thomas Paine. WILLIAM G. SOLER received his doctorate from Temple University in 1953. Out of his dissertation on the important influences on John Dickinson's thought have come a number of articles in literary and historical journals. His contribution in this issue establishes proof of Dickinson's authorship of a 1798 pamphlet which Mr. Soler first suggested in the MAGAZINE in January, 1953- PRINTED IN U.S.A. by Wm. F. Fell Co., PHILADELPHIA, PA. .