Parkhomenko Article 01 06 20

Parkhomenko Article 01 06 20

Eastern-European Journal o f Enterprise Technologies ISSN 1729-37 7 4 ------------------------------- □ □-------------------------------- Визначено фактори, як виникають тд час дуго­ UDC 62-768.3 вого розряду, та визначено можливкть використан- |DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.1340161 ня для прискорення роботи захисту вiд дугового зами- кання. Це дав можливкть створення комбгнованого пристрою для точного визначення мкця дугового роз­ DESIGNING A COMBINED ряду. Зокрема, може бути розширено спектр чутливо- стi оптичного датчика за рахунок використання уль­ DEVICE FOR DETERMINING трафюлетового випромгнювання без його замхни. Розглянуто можливжть прискорення спрацьову- THE PLACE OF ARC вання захисту вiд дугового замикання за рахунок вгд- мови вiд його блокування з релейними схемами макси­ DISCHARGE мального струмового захисту та зменшення впливу сонячного випромгнювання на роботу ЗДЗ (захисту вiд R. Parkhomenko дугового замикання). Senior Lecturer* Обгрунтовано можливкть розроблення быьш доско- E-mail: [email protected] налого пристрою для захисту вiд дугових замикань, O. A n i s k o v який дозволяе розширити спектр оптичного датчика в Assistant* область ультрафюлетового випромгнювання. Y. Tsibulevsky Запропоновано виршення задачi тдвищення чут- PhD, Associate professor ливостi захисту вiд дугового замикання. Це можли- LLC "Rudpromgeofizika" во шляхом перетворення ультрафюлетового випро­ Kryvbasivska str., 54, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 50000 мгнювання у видиму частину оптичного спектру, що O. Melnik дозволить розширити спектр чутливостг оптичного PhD, Associate professor* датчика в область ультрафюлетового випромгнюван- O. Shchokina ня i вiдnовiдно дасть можливкть тдвищити його чут- Senior Lecturer* ливкть. Це пов’язано з тим, що 70 % випромгнювання O. Kharitonov дугового розряду припадав на область ультрафюлету Lecturer i тыьки по 15% на видимий та гнфрачервоний спектр Ukrainian Polytechnic College оптичного випромгнювання. Karla Marksa ave., 66, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 50000 Отримат результати дають пгдстави стверджу- O. Kryvenko вати щодо можливостг втыення у реальне промисло- PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher ве виробництво пристрою комбтованого захисту для Research Institute of Labor Safety and Ecology in Mining визначення мкця дугових замикань, а також розши- and Metallurgical Industry рення спектральног чутливостг оптичних датчишв. Pershotravneva str., 12, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 50000 Також розроблено комбгнований пристрт для визна­ О. Omelchenko чення мкця дугового розряду за рахунок використання PhD ультразвуковог системи. Вгдомг розробки, я к присвя- Department of general engineering disciplinesan dequipment чеш визначенню мкця дугового розряду шляхом поргв- Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named няння гнтенсивностг сигналу вгд спалаху на обох кт- after Mikhail Tugan-Baranovsky цях десятиметрового свгтлопроводу, вгдргзняються Tramvayna str., 16, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 50005 тим, що максимальна рюниця часу надходження сиг- налгв вгд точки спалаху до датчитв на кгнцях свгт- V . Chorna лопроводу становить 5нс. Це дуже низький часовий PhD ргвень у поргвнянн довжини свгтлопроводу з швидт- Department of systems of стю свгтла 300000 км/с. power consumption and energy management Запропонована в дант роботг система, у якт для Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University визначення мкця дугового розряду використовувть- Pershotravneva str., 20, Kremenchuk, Ukraine, 39600 ся швидтсть звуку, яка досягав 342 м/с, значно спро- S. Tsvirkun щув пристрт вимгрювання часу для визначення мкця PhD короткого замикання та пгдвищув точнкть вимгрю- Department of Radiotechnics and Electromechanics вання часу на три порядки (103) Krivorizky College of the National Aviation University Ключовг слова: захисту вгд дугового замикання, Tupolieva str, 1, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 50045 чутливють захисту, спектр випромгнювання, пере­ *Department of power supply and energy management творення ультрафюлетового випромгнювання Kryvyi Rih National University ---------------------------------- □ □----------------------------------- Vitaliya Matusevycha str., 11, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 50027 1. Introduction time, temperature rises sharply; there is a sound shock wave, a light flash and electromagnetic radiation. A pillar of an Arc short circuits arise in complete distributive devices electric arc can move along power lines at a speed up to because of electrical breakdown of isolation between phases 200 m/s, an amplitude of arc strength varies with a frequen­ or between phases and earth. The spark is a short-circuited cy of 100 Hz [1]. Arc circuits for up to 100 ms do not pose a breakdown, and the arc is a continuous isolation breakdown high risk for equipment and personnel at 90 %, a discharge of at which a load supports current of leakage. At the same t<1 mc does not represent a threat at all [2], but if discharge 3 © R. Parkhomenko, O. finiskov, V. Tsibulevsky, O. Melnik, O. Shchokina, O. Kharitonov, O. Kryvenko, О. Omelchenko, V. Chorna, S. Tsvirkun, 2018 time increases, it can lead to considerable damage [3]. Burns of a grounded antenna sensor that pulls an arc plasma into from an electric arc caused 1,710 injuries according to the itself [5]. US statistics from 1992 to 2001 [4]. An arc-resistant wall 4. Optical sensors. Separate photocells or circular lenses, between adjacent cells serves as passive arc protection used, they send a signal through optical fiber to a detector unit but the mesh barrier of old cells will not provide necessary or an open fiber-optic sensor without isolation of a length of protection. 30-60 m, which covers the volume of several cells as a loop. Possibility of acceleration of response of protection The disadvantage of optical sensors is their false response against arc circuit can significantly reduce a number of to sunlight or to brilliance of an arc of an electric welding injuries from arc circuits in power supply systems. We de­ machine. Because there are many false responses of arc termined factors that arise during the arc discharge and protection devices, additional relays of maximum current the possibility of using to accelerate response of protection protection or error detectors on current transformers 1A/5A against arc circuit in this study. This enables creation of a block them [4]. We believe that minimum condition for oc­ combined device for accurate determination of the location currence of an unstable arc is a current of about 0.5 A and a of an arc discharge. In particular, we will be able to extend a voltage of 15-20 V. spectrum of sensitivity of an optical sensor by using ultravi­ In addition to the above properties, sound, electromag­ olet radiation without its replacement. netic and gamma-radiation accompanies an arc discharge, and an explosion occurs at high discharge power. We need to resolve the problem of acceleration of re­ 2. Literature review and problem statement sponse of protection against an arc circuit. This is possible due to refusal of its blocking w ith relay circuits for maximum Degradation of insulation is one of the most common current protection and reducing of an influence of solar ra­ reasons for failure of electrical components [5]. Experiments diation on operation of PAC (protection against arc circuit). proved that a partial discharge is a reliable indicator. Its ear­ The faster we detect and eliminate an arc, which arises ly diagnosis gives possibility to avoid a complete breakdown in distributive devices, the less is a risk to receive a serious of an affected component of a power supply system. Usual injury or death for personnel [10]. Other benefits of minimi­ measurement systems of partial discharges have some diffi­ zation of welding time include reducing of additional dam­ culty in measuring, especially in online environments and in age, reducing of downtime, and, consequently, reducing of noisy environments [6]. requirements for individual protection means (IRM). Consequences of a breakdown of insulation are well Typically, at registering of an arc discharge, photo thy­ known. The trend implies a transition from conventional ristors record a narrow part of a visible optical spectrum at stand-alone testing to online monitoring to forecast an the infrared boundary. A time difference between moments isolation resource, which results in the inclusion of high-fre­ of a light impulse coming to ends of a light guide determines quency noise in trapped signals [7]. location of an arc discharge. This causes low accuracy of However, statistics show that it is not always possible determination of an arc discharge point. to prevent accidents at a stage of partial discharges. Partial A base of one of the new methods for detection of a fault discharges often pass into a stage of arc circuits with a com­ type of an arc circuit in an AC electrical installation is a use plete blocking of isolation with the development of a process of a single-phase active power filter (APF) [11]. The results of degradation of insulation. At this stage, it is necessary to obtained in this study show that it is possible to detect a use sensors to detect an electrical isolation breakdown to series of arc disruptions using APF only by updating its dig­ prevent further development of an accident. A document [8] ital control with a function of arc fail detection, instead of provides a technological review of arc protection in distrib­ designing of a special arc failure detector ab origin. utive devices with an air-insulator. It covers the entire range Thus, we have to solve the problem of increasing of sensi­

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