Medico-legal Update, January-March 2021, Vol. 21, No. 1 1591 Basic Movement Standardization of the Pathol Sarang Martial Sport Putra Budi Kutniawan1, Tandiyo Rahayu2, Heny Setyawati2, Mugiyo Hartono2 1Doctoral Student, Post Graduate Dept., Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, 2Lecture, Post Graduate Dept., Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia Abtract The purpose of this research is to make standardization of the basic movements of the pathol martial arts sport which is intended to identify the basic movements of the pathol martial arts by using logical science principles so that it can be used/played by everyone, then it can provide convenience in its development so that the traditional Pathol martial arts can be easily learned by the public. In general, the research approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative using a case study research design. This approach is used because the focus is on testing one phenomenon, namely the basic motion of the pathol nest martial arts. It takes careful preparation in determining participants, places, and data collection because this research is changing and developing according to changes in findings in the field. a place where researchers conduct research. This research was conducted in the coastal area of Sarang sub-district (Bajingjowo village, Temperak village, and Karangmangu village), which is the only area that still maintains the pathol nest martial arts. The focus of this research is to examine in depth the classification of the basic movements of pathol martial arts through identification and then analysis by paying attention to scientific principles that will produce standard pathol basic motion. This research is studied through philosophical studies, sociological studies, motor learning studies, sports biomechanics studies, and psychological studies. Standardization of the basic motion of the pathol is carried out by transforming the existing basic motion which is then developed to become a standard basic motion which is mutually agreed upon between the elders, midfielders, players and members of the pathol community so that it can be accepted by all levels. Keywords: Basic Movement, PatholSarang, Self Defense. Introduction with the number of martial arts that have become sports and are competed in sporting events at the SEA Games, Martial is derived from the word martial means Asian Games and Olympics. The Olympics are an to maintain or defend, while self means resting on the important sports competition in the world. Martial arts soles of the feet or it can also be interpreted physically such as boxing, judo, taekwondo, fencing, and wrestling or mentally. Martial arts can be interpreted as an effort account for 25 percent of all medals contested in the to maintain survival, guard physically or mentally Olympics, and karate will be included in the Tokyo from external disturbances1. Martial arts are growing Olympics in 20202. This does not mean that all martial and developing throughout the world with each region arts are growing rapidly in various countries, there are having its own characteristics in its movements. The still many traditional martial arts which is the national development of martial arts today is growing rapidly cultural heritage of each region that has not been known to the general public and even some have almost been eroded by time. The existence of traditional martial Corresponding Author: arts has begun to be eroded by the swift currents of Putra Budi Kutniawan modernization. The traditional martial arts is a marker Doctoral Student, Post Graduate Dept., Universitas of a different dimension, which is also a challenge for Negeri Semarang, Indonesia cultural elements and limited interactions between the e-mail: [email protected] imaginary and the body. Martial arts are examples of 1592 Medico-legal Update, January-March 2021, Vol. 21, No. 1 body culture that are considered as collective symbolic now only left in the coastal areas of Sarang sub-district, assets, spread through several movement techniques this is due to the lack of elder figures who can pass on and related to the habits of cultural or social groups. this martial art to their children and grandchildren. It Martial arts combine uniqueness and adaptation with was different from the Sarang sub-district which had an the cultural framework of a society, besides that it is a elder who was the strongest pathol at that time named form of symbolic capital and a marker of values that are Mbah Miran. MbahMiran together with mbah Imam different from cultural legitimacy. Rembang Regency is Suwardi defended the pathol and eliminated the element one of the districts in Central Java, which is located on of gambling by creating a “prisen” system in pathol. the north coast of Java Island and borders the province This system gave everyone who played Pathol the right of East Java. Rembang Regency has a language, accent, to get prizes, both the winners and the losers with a ratio and art which is a combination of the arts and customs of the prizes that won were greater than the losers. This of the provinces of Central Java and East Java. The system can preserve beladiripathol until now in Sarang majority of the people of Rembang Regency work as sub-district5. fishermen because it is a coastal area adjacent to the sea. One of the districts in Rembang district which is the Mbah Miran’s struggle in preserving pathol has been largest producer of fish is the Sarang district3. continued by Mr. Sugiyanto since 1990 by introducing pathol to the nation’s future generations by including Sarang sub-district is one of the sub-districts in it in extracurricular activities at SD Temperak, Sarang Rembang district which is located at the eastern tip district. Pathol extracurricular activities still exist today, of Central Java province and directly adjacent to East but they are still limited to SD Temperak and have not Java province. Sarang sub-district has a martial art developed to other schools. This is due to limited time which is a cultural heritage of Rembang district called and energy in developing the teaching curriculum so that pathol. Pathol used to be a traditional martial art that it cannot be developed by the related education office. can be found throughout the coastal area from Rembang The Ngudi Budoyo community provides pathol players district to Lamongan district. As time goes by, pathol to be featured in both government and private events. is currently only found in Sarang sub-district, so that Ngudi Budoyo community members are pathol players pathol is better known as patholsarang. Pathol Sarang who are always appointed to represent pathols, appearing is a martial art similar to wrestling or sumo, which uses in official and unofficial events, but in terms of activities muscle strength to defeat its opponent. Patholsarang has this community does not have regular activities or a unique appearance that is not shared by other regions, meetings to discuss pathol conservation. This is because namely the appearance of all male players. Until now, there has been no effort from the government to help patholsarang function as entertainment, ritual means, preserve pathol. Until now, the local government has performances and as an economic function4. only made pathol as a routine display in every Rembang district anniversary event or other official events, the Pathol martial arts have survived to this day even rest has not been given special attention to preserving though it has been crushed by the times. Based on the either development or other efforts related to pathol results of interviews with the elders of Patholbapak preservation6. Sugiyanto on November 25, 2018, stated that beladiripathol is currently only performed in ritual events The pathol martial arts played by the Ngudi Budoyo such as sea alms, anniversary events of Rembang district community are different from the pathol martial arts and events from the Tourism Office. Mr. Sugiyanto is one competed in sea alms events. Pathol martial arts by of the pathol elders who is also the principal of SD Negeri the NgudiBudoyo community emphasize the art of Temperak, Sarang sub-district, Rembang district. He movement so that it is more beautiful to see because it plays an active role in preserving beladiripathol in order is used for entertainment performances, while pathol to survive and from generation to generation. Sugiyanto martial arts at sea alms events use more technique and stated that the purpose of pathol today is different from strength to beat opponents and become the strongest the past. In the past, Pathol was used as a place to find person. Pathol martial arts need to be developed for the strongest warriors and a place to bet, but now Pathol the preservation of the culture of Rembang district and aims to maintain its existence in order to survive amid Javanese coastal communities because culture contains the pressure of globalization. Pathol, which used to be elements of noble values that must be maintained and scattered on the coasts of Central Java and East Java, is in the interest of the community at large. The current Medico-legal Update, January-March 2021, Vol. 21, No. 1 1593 condition of Pathol martial arts is decreasing and can chest level. The remaining fist space between the belt only be found in Sarang sub-district, it takes efforts from and chest. Athletes hold each other’s belts by thrusting various levels of society to the government, as quoted their hands under the opponent’s belts from the outside by the Ministry of Youth and Sports which states that and fastening them to the hands. Feet can be used to traditional martial arts that are almost extinct must be tackle your opponent. developed and passed on to the nation’s young generation, therefore the government central and regional as well as Pathol martial arts are still believed by the public the community has an obligation to raise and re-develop to have a mystical element that cannot be explained traditional martial arts 7 through scientific theory.