Ashajayea After War , a Livable Neighborhood ! Prepared by : Raghad Saleh Supervisor : Ali Abdel Hamid Zahraa Zawawi This document is presented as a Graduation project to obtain a bachelor's degree in Urban Planning Engineering, Faculty of engineering and Information technology , An-Najah National University (May-2017 ) 1 Table of contents Dedication ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 Acknowledgment .................................................................................................................................................. 7 Abstract : ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 Chapter One .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 ( General Introduction ) ........................................................................................................................................ 9 1.1 : Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 : Research Problem .......................................................................................................................... 11 1.3 : The importance of the study and justification ................................................................................ 11 1.4 : Research Questions :....................................................................................................................... 12 1.5 : Objectives of the study ................................................................................................................... 12 1.6 : Plan and Methodology .................................................................................................................... 12 1.7 : Data sources : .................................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter Two ........................................................................................................................................................ 15 Theoretical Framework ....................................................................................................................................... 15 2.1 : introduction : .................................................................................................................................. 16 2.2 : Disasters : ........................................................................................................................................ 16 2.3 :Stages of Responding to disasters : ................................................................................................. 17 2.4 : The impact of disasters and wars on the urban environment : ...................................................... 18 2.5 : Post War & Disaster Reconstruction ............................................................................................... 19 2.6 : Reconstruction Trend After War ..................................................................................................... 22 2.7 : Reconstruction of physical infrastructure ....................................................................................... 23 2.8 : Urban Sustainability in reconstruction after disasters ................................................................... 25 2.9 : Application of reconstruction projects after disasters models....................................................... 25 2.10 : Actors in the reconstruction process ............................................................................................ 26 Chapter Three ..................................................................................................................................................... 28 Case Studies in Post War Re-Construction .......................................................................................................... 28 3.1 : Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 29 3.2 : The City of Warsaw – Poland : ........................................................................................................ 29 3.3 : Hreik Suburb – Beirut ...................................................................................................................... 34 2 3.4 : Reconstruction of Jenin Camp . ...................................................................................................... 43 Chapter five ......................................................................................................................................................... 48 General background about Gaza strip ................................................................................................................ 48 5.1 : introduction .................................................................................................................................... 49 5.2 : the history of Gaza strip .................................................................................................................. 49 5.3 : pre crisis situation ........................................................................................................................... 51 Chapter six........................................................................................................................................................... 58 Diagnosing stage (General background for ashajaey’a neighborhood) .............................................................. 58 6.1 : introduction .................................................................................................................................... 59 6.2 : general background ........................................................................................................................ 61 6.3 : relation with the surrounding ......................................................................................................... 63 Chapter seven ..................................................................................................................................................... 64 Analysis Stage ( Ahajaey’a before and after war) ............................................................................................... 64 7.1 : Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 65 7.2 : housing sector ................................................................................................................................. 66 7.3 : Social Sector .................................................................................................................................... 70 7.4 : Utilities Infrastructure ..................................................................................................................... 76 7.5 : Livelihoods and economy ............................................................................................................... 80 Chapter eight....................................................................................................................................................... 82 The vision of the reconstruction and development of Ashajaeya neighborhood .............................................. 82 8.1 : the vision : ....................................................................................................................................... 83 8.2 : Translating Vision into Reality......................................................................................................... 83 8.3 : goals and objectives ........................................................................................................................ 84 Chapter nine ........................................................................................................................................................ 85 The reconstruction and development plan ........................................................................................................ 85 9.1 : reconstruction plan ......................................................................................................................... 86 9.2 : development plan ........................................................................................................................... 91 9.3 : master plan ..................................................................................................................................... 92 References : ......................................................................................................................................................... 93 3 Table of Pictures Picture 1 : Warsaw City ....................................................................................................................................... 29 Picture 2 : damaged in Warsaw , 1945 ( Wikipedia) ........................................................................................... 30 Picture 3 : Damaged On Warsaw city , Damaging areas shows in the red color . .............................................