Politics &Society EDITORIAL BOARD FRED BLOCK MIEKE MEURS University of California, Davis American University JOHN BOWMAN MOLLY NOLAN Queens College, CUNY New York University ARCHON FUNG DAVID PLOTKE Harvard University New School for Social Research IRA KATZNELSON GAY SEIDMAN Columbia University University of Wisconsin–Madison ELIZABETH KIER NIKHIL PAL SINGH University of Washington University of Washington CLAIRE JEAN KIM SUSAN STOKES University of California, Irvine University of Chicago MAGALI SARFATTI LARSON MARGARET WEIR Temple University University of California, Berkeley University of Urbino, Italy ERIK OLIN WRIGHT MARGARET LEVI University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Washington MARY-ANN TWIST Managing Editor Politics & Society publishes original analyses of politics, including its social roots and its consequences. In its broadest sense, politics encompasses conflicts over the shape of social life, whether on the shop floor, within the family, or in the realms of the state and the world economy. The quest for a good society is also enduringly a part of political life. Politics & Society is committed to developing Marxist, post-Marxist, and other radical perspectives and to examining what Robert Lynd once called “some outrageous hypotheses.” For Sage Periodicals Press: Stephanie Lawrence, Ani Ayvazian, Tammy Ditmore, and Corina Villeda Politics & Society Volume 29, Number 4, December 2001 Contents Contributors 483 Collective Action, Property Rights, and Decentralization in Resource Use in India and Nepal ARUN AGRAWAL ELINOR OSTROM 485 National Political Community and the Politics of Income Taxation in Brazil and South Africa in the Twentieth Century EVA N S. LIEBERMAN 515 Thinking Globally, Acting Locally: Local Governments, Industrial Sectors, and Development in China ADAM SEGAL ERIC THUN 557 Fee-Splitting Revisited: Concealing Surplus Value in the Temporary Employment Relationship GEORGE GONOS 589 Index 613 Sage Publications Thousand Oaks • London • New Delhi Politics & Society publishes original analyses of politics, including its social roots and its consequences. In its broadest sense, politics encompasses conflicts over the shape of social life, whether on the shop floor, within the family, or in the realms of the state and the world economy. The quest for a good society is also enduringly a part of political life. Contributions are welcome from people of many disciplines, and they may take the form of theoretical essays, historical investigations, philosophical reflections, and empirical research. The journal emphasizes the use of lucid English in its articles. Politics & Society is committed to developing Marxist, post-Marxist, and other radical perspectives and to examining what Robert Lynd once called “some outrageous hypotheses.” Manuscript Submission: Contributions and other editorial comments should be sent to Mary-Ann Twist, Managing Editor, Politics & Society, 123 Van Deusen Street, Madison, WI 53715. Manuscripts may be transmitted electronically to [email protected] in most formats. Please include your name, address, phone, fax, and e-mail address on the cover letter. Politics & Society will not consider manuscripts currently under review with any other journal. Manuscripts must be typed, double-spaced, and submitted in duplicate. Notes must be double-spaced and placed at the end of the text (not at the bottom of pages). Politics & Society follows Chicago style (A Manual of Style, 14th ed., Chicago: University of Chicago, 1993). Notes must be complete: References to journal articles must include volume and issue numbers, as well as month and year of publication; references to books must list the author, title, city and year of publication, and publisher; references to contributed books must list the contributor, title of the contributor’s essay, and full book information, including editor(s). All publication decisions are made by the editorial board as a whole at its quarterly meetings. There, one of four possible decisions is made: (1) acceptance; (2) conditional acceptance, pending revisions; (3) revision and resubmission; or (4) rejection. In the case of a decision to accept pending revisions, the coordinating editor usually determines if the author’s changes meet the board’s requests. In the case of a decision to revise and re- submit, the article is treated as a new submission and is reread and rediscussed by the entire board. Contribu- tors should receive a decision within five months of submission. Politics & Society (ISSN 0032-3292) is published four times annually—in March, June, September, and December by Sage Publications, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Telephone: (800) 818- SAGE (7243) and (805) 499-9774; fax/order line: (805) 375-1700; e-mail: [email protected]; web site: www.sagepub.com. Copyright © 2001 by Sage Publications. All rights reserved. No portion of this work may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher. Subscriptions/Inquiries: Annual subscription rates for institutions and individuals are based on the current frequency. Prices quoted are in U.S. dollars and are subject to change without notice. Canadian subscribers add 7% GST (and HST as approptiate). Outside U.S. subscription rates include shipping via air-speeded de- livery. Institutions: $333 (within the U.S.) / $346 (outside the U.S.) / single issue: $95 (worldwide). Individ- uals: $72 (within the U.S.) / $88 (outside the U.S.) / single issue: $29 (worldwide). Noninstitutional orders may be paid by personal check, VISA, or MasterCard. Address all correspondence regarding subscriptions to Sage Publications, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, California 91320. All subscription inquiries, orders, and renewals with ship-to addresses in North America, South America, and Canada must be addressed to Sage Publications, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, U.S.A., telephone (800) 818-SAGE (7243) and (805) 499-9774, fax (805) 375-1700. All sub- scription inquiries, orders, and renewals with ship-to addresses in the U.K., Europe, the Middle East, and Af- rica must be addressed to Sage Publications, Ltd, 6 Bonhill Street, London EC2A 4PU, England, +44 (0)20 7374 0645, fax +44 (0)20 7374 8741. All subscription inquiries, orders, and renewals with ship-to addresses in India and South Asia must be addressed to Sage Publications Private Ltd, P.O. Box 4215, New Delhi 110 048 India, telephone (91-11) 641-9884, fax (91-11) 647-2426. Address all permissions requests to the Thou- sand Oaks office. Periodicals postage paid at Thousand Oaks, California, and at additional mailing offices. The journal is abstracted in Academic Abstracts, Academic Search, the Alternative Press Index, Amer- ica: History and Life, Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA), Biological Sciences Abstracts, Canadian MAS, Corporate ResourceNET, Current Citations Express, CSA Political Sci- ence & Government: A Guide to Periodical Literature, Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences, Expanded Academic Index, Health & Safety Sciences Abstracts, Historical Abstracts, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, International Political Science Abstracts, ISI Basic Social Sciences Index, MAS FullTEXT, MasterFILE FullTEXT, Military Library FullTEXT, Periodical Abstracts, Political Science Abstracts, Public Library FullTEXT, Risk Abstracts, Safety Science & Risk Abstracts, Sage Public Administration Abstracts, Sage Race Relations Abstracts, Social Science Source, Social Sciences Index Full Text, Social Services Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, Standard Periodical Directory (SPD), TOPICsearch, Wilson OmniFile V, and Wilson Social Sciences Index/Abstracts and is available on microfilm from University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Back Issues: Information about availability and prices of back issues may be obtained from the publisher’s order department (address below). Single-issue orders for 5 or more copies will receive a special adoption discount. Contact the order department for details. Write to London office for sterling prices. Advertising: Current rates and specifications may be obtained by writing to the Advertising Manager at the Thousand Oaks office (address above). Claims: Claims for undelivered copies must be made no later than six months following month of publi- cation. The publisher will supply missing copies when losses have been sustained in transit and when the re- serve stock will permit. Change of Address: Six weeks’advance notice must be given when notifying of change of address. Please send old address label along with the new address to ensure proper identification. Please specify name of journal. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: Politics & Society, c/o 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Printed on recycled, acid-free paper POLITICSCONTRIBUTORS & SOCIETY Contributors Arun Agrawal ([email protected]) is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at Yale University. His research focuses on the institutional political economy of development and environmental conservation. His first book, Greener Pastures, on pastoralists in western India was published by Duke and Oxford University Presses. He has also coedited Agrarian Environ- ments (Duke University Press), Regional Modernities (Stanford University Press), and Communities and the Environment (Rutgers University Press, forthcoming). His research has been published in various journals, among them, Comparative Political Studies, Development and Change, Journal of Asian Studies, Journal of