Final Report for Clean, Reliable, Affordable Energy that Reflects the Values of the Pinoleville Pomo Nation By: Pinoleville Pomo Nation DE-EE0002518.000 Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Project Overview & Background ................................................................................................................... 5 Objectives ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 Description of Activities Performed .............................................................................................................. 8 Solar Utility Study ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Concept Brief .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Resource and Site Assessment.................................................................................................................... 10 Technology Assessment .............................................................................................................................. 12 Substation Location .................................................................................................................................... 13 Photovoltaic System ................................................................................................................................... 14 Economic Assessment ................................................................................................................................. 15 Substation and Transmission Line Costs ..................................................................................................... 16 Levelized Cost of Energy for Solar ............................................................................................................... 17 Sensitivity Analysis for Net Project Cost ..................................................................................................... 19 Estimated Initial Module and Installation Cost ........................................................................................... 20 Sensitivity Analysis for Return on Investment ............................................................................................ 21 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 23 Wind Energy Study ...................................................................................................................................... 24 Concept Brief .............................................................................................................................................. 24 Wind Resource Assessment ........................................................................................................................ 24 Model Inputs and Assumptions .................................................................................................................. 26 HOMER Model ............................................................................................................................................ 27 CREST Model ............................................................................................................................................... 27 Results ......................................................................................................................................................... 28 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................. 30 Anaerobic Biogas Utility Study .................................................................................................................... 32 Concept Brief .............................................................................................................................................. 32 Anaerobic Digestion .................................................................................................................................... 32 Anaerobic Digestion Process ....................................................................................................................... 33 Anaerobic Digester Classification................................................................................................................ 35 Status of Anaerobic Digesters in UK & US .................................................................................................. 37 Feedstock Evaluation .................................................................................................................................. 39 Food Waste ................................................................................................................................................. 41 CA Residential Disposable Waste Stream ................................................................................................... 42 2 | Community Assessment of Renewable Energy & Sustainability Animal Manure and Slurry .......................................................................................................................... 42 Agricultural Residues and Energy Crops ..................................................................................................... 43 Economics ................................................................................................................................................... 43 Biogas Power Utility Sensitivity Analysis ..................................................................................................... 45 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 46 Microhydro Power System Study ............................................................................................................... 46 Concept Brief .............................................................................................................................................. 46 Overview of Microhydro Power Technology .............................................................................................. 47 PPN Ackerman Creek Site Visit ................................................................................................................... 47 Ackerman Creek Flow Data ......................................................................................................................... 48 HOMER Model ............................................................................................................................................ 53 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................. 54 PPN Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging System ................................................................................................. 56 Concept Brief .............................................................................................................................................. 56 Background on Electric Vehicles ................................................................................................................. 56 Electric Vehicle Drivers – User Needs ......................................................................................................... 57 Electric Vehicle Adoption Rate .................................................................................................................... 59 Caltrans Vehicle Traffic Data ....................................................................................................................... 59 Electric Vehicle Charging Application Sites ................................................................................................. 62 Parks ............................................................................................................................................................ 62 Wineries ...................................................................................................................................................... 67 Museums ..................................................................................................................................................... 68 Casinos ........................................................................................................................................................ 69 Solar Resources and Cost Estimate Analysis ............................................................................................... 69 Implementation Nissan Leaf - Case Study .................................................................................................. 71 Nissan Lear Solar Panel Area ....................................................................................................................... 71 Travel Data from Commuters and PPN Members ...................................................................................... 71 Commuters ................................................................................................................................................