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This document is archival in nature and is intended Le présent document a une valeur archivistique et for those who wish to consult archival documents fait partie des documents d’archives rendus made available from the collection of Public Safety disponibles par Sécurité publique Canada à ceux Canada. qui souhaitent consulter ces documents issus de sa collection. Some of these documents are available in only one official language. Translation, to be provided Certains de ces documents ne sont disponibles by Public Safety Canada, is available upon que dans une langue officielle. Sécurité publique request. Canada fournira une traduction sur demande. February 1964 United States - Canada Agreement on Civil Emergency Planning Hurricane Carla's Lessons Control of Food Supplies Exposed to Fallout Emergency Sanitation in Disaster Santa Fe Civil Defence System hICY EASURES RGANIZATION THE EMO NATIONAL DIGEST Published by the Emergency Measures Organization, Ottawa, Ont. VOL. 4 No. 1 FEBRUARY 1964 TABLE OF CONTENTS UNITED STATES-CANADA AGREEMENT ON CIVIL EMERGENCY PLANNING Secretary of State HURRICANE CARLA'S LESSONS FOR CIVIL DEFENCE Maj.-Gen. M. H. Penhale THE CONTROL OF FOOD SUPPLIES EXPOSED TO FALLOUT E. E. Ballantyne, V.S., D.V.M., F.R.S.H. ANNOUNCED NUCLEAR TESTS Table 1 EMERGENCY SANITATION IN DISASTER Col. R. D. Barron, M.C., R.C.A.M.C. SANTE FE CIVIL DEFENCE SYSTEM 4 Report The EMO NATIONAL DIGEST is published bi-monthly to provide current information on a broad range of subjects dealing with civil emergency planning. The magazine is published in English and French and may be obtained by writing to the Emergency Measures Organization, Daly Bldg., Ottawa. In addition to publishing articles which reflect Canadian Government policy the Digest may also publish articles by private individuals on subjects of current interest to the emergency measures programme. The views of these contributors are not necessarily subscribed to by the Federal Government. Director: R. B. CURRY. Editor: A. B. STIRLING. ROGER DUHAMEL, F.R.S.C. QUEEN'S PRINTER AND CONTROLLER OF STATIONERY OTTAWA, 1954 UNITED STATES-CANADA AGREEMENT ON CIVIL EMERGENCY PLANNING His Excellency, Paul Martin, Secretary of State for External Affairs, Ottawa. Excellency: I have the honor to refer to recent discussions between authorities of our two countries concerned with civil emergency planning and civil defense matters. These authorities have concluded that planning in our respective countries in these fields has reached a stage at which it would be mutually advantageous to revise the liaison arrangements between the two countries and to establish direct channels for detailed and technical consultation on civil defense, the use of resources in emergencies, and other aspects of civil emergency planning. I am instructed by my Government, therefore, to propose a new agreement on Joint Civil Emergency Planning in our two countries, which would replace the United States-Canada Agreement on Civil Defense Cooperation of March 27, 1951. As far as possible, civil emergency planning activities in the United States and Canada should be coordinated for the protection of persons and property from the results of enemy attack as if there were no border. It is, therefore, proposed that there be a Joint United States-Canada Civil Emergency Planning Committee witb responsibility for making recommenda- tions to the two Governments, their departments and agencies, concerning plans and arrangements for cooperation and mutual assistance between the civil authorities of the two countries in the event of an attack on either country. This Committee will include the Secretary to the Cabinet of Canada, the Director of the Emergency Measures Organization of Canada, the Director of the Office of Emergency Planning of the United States, the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Civil Defense) of the United States and such other representatives as may be designated from time to time, Joint Secretaries for the Committee will be provided by the Department of External Affairs of Canada and the Department of State of the United States. The Committee will meet at least once in each calendar year at such times and places as may be agreed upon. It is further proposed that the Committee may arrange for direct communication between such national authorities of Canada and of the United States as the Committee considers to be concerned with aspects of civil emergency planning in either country likely to be directly affected by comparable planning in the other. The Committee may also facilitate the exchange of information on aspects of civil emergency planning of a purely [ 1 ] Ile 73926-8-1 national character. However, subjects relating to the determi- nation of intergovernmental policy with regard to civil emergency planning will be discussed by the two Governments through normal diplomatic channels. It is proposed also that the Committee, within its general field of competence, may establish such sub-committees and working groups as it considers necessary to advance joint planning and that the Committee may make arrangements to facilitate joint United States-Canadian civil emergency planning by the appropriate public authorities, within their respective jurisdictions, of those states, provinces, and municipalities which are adjacent to one another along the international boundary. If the Government of Canada concurs in these proposals, I have the honor to propose that this Note and your reply to that effect shall constitute an agreement between our two Govern- ments on Joint Civil Emergency Planning. This agreement shall supersede the agreement of March 27, 1951 and may be terminated by either Government upon thirty days' written notice, Accept, Excellency, the renewed assurance of my highest consideration. (Sgd.) "W.W. BUTTERWORTH" Embassy of the United States of America, Ottawa, November 15, 1963. His Excellency W. Walton Butterworth, Ambassador of the United States of America, Ottawa. Excellency: I have the honour to refer to your Note of November 15, 1963, concerning proposals which would govern joint civil emergency planning between our two countries. - The proposals contained in your Note are acceptable to the Government of Canada and it is agreed that your Note and this reply thereto shall constitute an agreement between our two Governments which shall enter into force on the date of this Note. Accept, Excellency, the renewed assurances of my highest consideration. (Sgd.) "PAUL MARTIN" Secretary of State for External Affairs [2] HURRICANE CARLA'S LESSONS FOR CIVIL DEFENSE MAJ.-GEN. H. M. PENHALE The former commandant of the Canadian Civil Defence College ex- plains how a prepared emergency plan in the southern United States helped half a million people escape "one of the worst disasters ever to hit the continent". N ow that a partial test-ban treaty has been signed by In Texas City, 125 miles away from the eye of the the great powers, and with the appearance of im- hurricane, all but 300 or 400 of the city's 11,000 proved relations with Soviet Russia, numbers of people homes were flooded. Even at a distance of 240 miles seem to believe that it has become pointless and unnec- water was waist high in the streets of one town. Live essary to spend so much time and effort to support and dead cows were found in living rooms of evacuated civil defense in Canada. Perhaps as a form of insurance homes. One man returning to his home near Freeport we should keep up emergency planning at the federal found "a dead Brahma bull in the garage and two pet and provincial levels, people say, but at the municipal ducks swimming in the living room .. two live cows level, people are far too busy with their own affairs to had taken refuge in a neighbor's kitchen. ..." recognize or be concerned with a problem which, from Texas lost an estimated 50,000 head of cattle. In their viewpoint, appears not to exist. Louisiana, however, some 150,000 cattle were evacu- Should a local emergency or disaster occur, the civic ated to safety. The highways in this area were a mass of authorities are there to deal with it. If outside help or dead fish, mink, muskrats, coons, and other forms of financial aid is necessary, the provincial and federal wildlife (but not cattle). The higher ground crawled governments will give their support. And the army is with snakes-in the debris, on roads, in water-soaked now organized and available to take over in time of homes, in beds, and even crawling out of bath tub stress and to direct the efforts of thousands of civilian drains. Fortunately only a few cases of snake bite were volunteers who would come forth in a spirit of public reported. service whenever called upon. For miles inland and mixed up with garbage and You may remember Hurricane Carla. It has been debris were live electric wires: they lay on the ground, described as "the greatest hurricane in recorded coastal across automobiles, everywhere. history. Carla packed the power of an estimated several The overall estimate of property damage was placed hundred nuclear devices, and triggered a test of evacu- at approximately half a billion dollars.