1 OSINT includes a wide variety of information and sources: - Media: newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and computer-based information. - Web-based communities and user-generated content: social-networking sites, video sharing sites, wikis, blogs, and folksonomies. - Public data: government reports, official data such as budgets, demographics, hearings, legislative debates, press conferences, speeches, marine and aeronautical safety warnings, environmental impact statements and contract awards. - Observation and reporting: amateur airplane/vessel spotters, radio monitors and satellite observers among many others have provided significant information not otherwise available. The availability of worldwide satellite photography, often of high resolution, on the Web (e.g., Google Earth) has expanded open-source capabilities into areas formerly available only to major intelligence services. - Professional and academic (or grey literature): conferences, symposia, professional associations, academic papers, and subject matter experts. - Geospatial: examples of geospatial open source include hard and softcopy maps, atlases, gazetteers, port plans, gravity data, aeronautical data, navigation data, geodetic data, human terrain data (cultural and economic), environmental data, commercial imagery, LIDAR, hyper and multi-spectral 2 data, airborne imagery, geo-names, geo-features, urban terrain, vertical obstruction data, boundary marker data, geospatial mashups, spatial databases, and web services. Most of the geospatial data mentioned above is integrated, analyzed, and syndicated using geospatial software like a Geographic Information System. 2 3 Additional information about AIS found here: www.navcen.uscg.gov www.imo.org 4 MarineTraffic.com: http://www.marinetraffic.com/ais/home 5 MarineTraffic.com: https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/p/services 6 VesselFinder.com: http://www.vesselfinder.com/ 7 Maritime Safety and Security Information System: https://mssis.volpe.dot.gov/Main/home/ Point of Contact: Henry Wychorski US DOT / Volpe Center [email protected] +1.617.494.3859 The Maritime Safety and Security Information System (MSSIS) is a freely- shared, unclassified, near real-time data collection and distribution network. Its member countries share data from Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), coastal radar, and other maritime-related systems. MSSIS is intended to promote multilateral collaboration and data-sharing among international participants, with a primary goal of increasing maritime security and safety. Data sources may range from a single sensor to an entire national vessel tracking network. MSSIS is perfectly suitable as a one- stop source for streaming global maritime data. Because the data distributed by MSSIS maintains its original, internationally recognized format and is delivered to users in near real time, member organizations are able to utilize 8 the feed to meet their specific mission requirements. Members joining the MSSIS network can immediately begin to leverage its capabilities. Transview (TV32), the client software for MSSIS, serves as a common system interface and vessel tracking display for its users. It offers a variety of standalone display features and also functions as a gateway for users to access and contribute to the aggregated, global data. With frequently enhanced system capabilities and a continuously growing MSSIS community, government organizations can capitalize on the services of MSSIS to improve and maintain Maritime Domain Awareness. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Suc4HgXrcgA 8 A few examples: Vesseltracker.com: http://www.vesseltracker.com/en/Home.html (looking for “antenna partners”). IHS Fairplay AISLive: http://www.aislive.com/ Lloyd’s List Intelligence: http://www.lloydslistintelligence.com/llint/ais.htm exactEarth: http://www.exactearth.com/ FleetMon: http://www.fleetmon.com/ 9 Free sources: Google: https://www.google.com/ ITU Particulars of Ship Stations: http://www.itu.int/online/mms/mars/ship_search.sh Inmarsat Ships Directory: http://www.inmarsat.com/shipsdirectory/index.htm Equasis: http://www.equasis.org/EquasisWeb/public/HomePage FAO Fishing Vessel Finder: http://www.fao.org/figis/vrmf/finder/search/#stats RFMO Records of Fishing Vessels: WCPFC: http://www.wcpfc.int/record-fishing-vessel-database CCAMLR: http://www.ccamlr.org/en/compliance/licensed- vessels IOTC: http://www.iotc.org/English/record/search3.php IATTC: http://www.iattc.org/VesselListsENG.htm ICCAT: http://www.iccat.es/en/vesselsrecord.asp CCSBT: http://www.ccsbt.org/site/authorised_vessels.php Fee/Subscription Sources: IHS Fairplay SeaWeb: http://www.sea-web.com/seaweb_welcome.aspx Lloyd’s List Intelligence: http://www.lloydslistintelligence.com/llint/index.htm 1010 Examples of Maritime Documentation: Cargo Gear Test & Certification (CG) Cargo Ship Safety (CSS) Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate (CSSC) Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate (CSSE) Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate (CSSR) Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate for uesse1s under 5000T (CSSC <5000T) Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate for uesse1s under 5000T (CSSE <5000T) Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelephony Certificate for uesse1s under 3000T (CSSRT < 3000T) Caribbean Cargo Ship Safety Certificate (CCSSC) Certificate of Inspection of Crew Accommodation (CICA) Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous Chemical in Bulk (IBC & BCH) Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied Gases in Bulk (GC 11 & IGC) Certificate of Measurement for Non Convention vesseis (NT) Certification of Safety Radio and Equipment for Non Convention uesse1s Code of Safe Practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes (BC) (BC Code) Conditional Assessment Scheme (CAS) (Annex 1) Continues Synopsis Record (CSR) Document of Compliance (DOC) (ISM Code) Document of Compliance for Ship Carrying Dangerous Goods (IMDG Code) Documentation Authorization for the Carriage of Grain (DACG) Exemptions / Letters / Waiver / Permit to Proceed of Authorization Fishing Vessel Safety Certificate (FVS) International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate (IAPP) (Annex VI) International Anti-Fouling System (IAFS) International Load Line Certificate (ILL) International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPP) International Oil Pollution Prevention for Non Convention uesse1s (IOPP-NC) International Pollution Prevention Certificate for Noxious Liquid Substance in Bulk (NLS) (Annex II) International Sewage Pollution Prevention (ISPP) (Annex IV) International Ship Security Certificate (ISSC) (ISPS Code) International Tonnage Certificate (ITC) Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Safety Certificate (MODU) Pleasure Vessel/Yacht Safety Certificate (PV) Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from ship (PPG) (Annex V) Safety Management Certificate (SMC) (ISM Code) Statement of Ship Compliance (SSC) Ballast Water Management Plan Approval (BWMP) Cargo Securing Manual Approval (CSM) Fire Safety Control Plan Approval (FSCP) Panama Canal Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan Approval (PCSOPEP) Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plan Approval (SMPEP) Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan Approval (SOPEP) 11 Ship Security Plan Approval (SSP) Stability Booklet Approval (SB) 11 Lloyd’s List Intelligence Ownership Definitions: 1) Beneficial Owner: deemed to be the ultimate owning entity or representative thereof (either individual, company, group or organization). The Beneficial Owner may be the vessel's management company or the trading name of a group, both of which are generally perceived to represent the ultimate owners of the vessel. 2) Commercial Operator: either a subsidiary or division of the Beneficial Owner or the same as the Beneficial Owner. This is the in-house entity responsible for the commercial decisions concerning the employment of a ship, and how and where the ship is employed. The Commercial Operator is the direct beneficiary of the revenues from operating the ship, and may also be the entity that is responsible for purchasing bunkers and port services. A company heading a group of Registered Owners is regarded as the Commercial Operator of those ships. 3) Registered Owner: the company or individual whom the ship's legal title of ownership has been registered. This is where "open registry", "paper", or "name-plate" companies are often involved, with ships being registered in a country whose tax on the profits of trading ships is low/absent or whose requirements concerning manning or maintenance might be more relaxed. 1212 4) Technical Manager: the company responsible for the maintenance of the ship and the machinery, repairs, stores and spares, and - in many instances - crew. The Technical Manager can either be an in-house subsidiary or division of the Beneficial Owner, or a third party entity. It is often the case that the DOC Company is also the Technical Manager. 5) Third Party Operator: the company which undertakes control, management, operation or agency of a period chartered ship. The Third Party Operator includes period charters, pool operators, bareboat charters, and third party commercial managers. They have no known corporate relationship with the Beneficial Owner. Sometimes, however, pool companies are partly owned and/or managed by the beneficial owner of one or more vessels in their pool. 6) Nominal Owner: these are the finance organizations or mortgagees behind the purchase of a vessel such as banks or trust companies. IHS Fairplay SeaWeb Ownership Definitions: IHS Fairplay identifies the following roles in respect to a vessel’s Ownership/Management. It