Cultural Stress from Reformation to Revolution An NEH Summer Institute directed by David Cressy and Lori Anne Ferrell at the Folger Shakespeare Library Summer of 2003 Week One: The English Reformation 23 June to 26 June Monday: The Place of the Eucharist Diarmaid MacCulloch (Professor of the History of the Church, University of Oxford) Primary sources [Shepherd, Luke, attributed name]. John Bon and Mast’ Person. London, J. Daye at Wm Seres, 1548. [STC 3258.5] Reprinted as The Enterlude of John Bon & Mast Person: A Dialogue on the Festival of Corpus Christi and on Transubstantiation in Verse. Edited by William Henry Black. London: Percy Society, 1852. [PR3135.S6.J6 1852] Cranmer, Thomas. The Works of Archbishop Cranmer. Edited by J.E. Cox. 2 volumes. London: Parker Society, 1844-46. Read vol. 1, first pagination, pp. 1-7. (N.B., This is the preface to the 1551 Answer, the book which incorporates the text of Cranmer’s 1550 Defence. [BX5035.P2 v.15-16]. The Defence can also be found as a freestanding text in Remains of Thomas CRANMER, D.D. Edited by H. Jenkyns. 4 volumes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1833. Read vol. 2, p. 1846). [BX5133.C68] ---. The Works of Archbishop Cranmer. Edited by J.E. Cox. 2 volumes. London: Parker Society, 1844-46. Read vol. 1, pp. 391-427: the account of the disputation at Oxford between Cranmer and Catholic theologians. [BX5035.P2 v.15-16] The two communion services of 1549 and 1552: see e.g. Ketley, J., ed., The Two Liturgies ... set forth by Authority in The Reign of King Edward VI. London: Parker Society, 1844. [BX5035.P2 v.29] or The First and Second Prayer Books of Edward VI, introduction by E.C.S. Gibson. Dent-Dutton: Everyman, 1910, rpt. 1964. Jewel, John. The Works of John Jewel. Edited by J. Ayre. 3 volumes. London: Parker Society, 1845-50. Read vol. 3, pp. 62-65 [Apology of the Church of England, chapters 10-18]. [BX5035.P2 v.23-26] [STC 14590] [Facsimile of 1562 original English edition is PR1400.14590] Hooker, Richard. Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity. In Folger Library Edition of the Works of Richard Hooker, edited by W. Speed Hill et al. 7 volumes. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1977-1998. Read book 5.67.12. [BV649.H8 1977] [STC 13712] Andrewes, Lancelot. Ninety-Six Sermons. Published by His Majesty’s Special Command. Oxford: John Henry Parker, 1865-1874. Read sermon 10, “Of the Nativity,” Christmas Day 1615. [BX5133.A5.A13 1865] [STC 606] Secondary Sources Buchanan, Colin Ogilvie. What Did Cranmer Think He Was Doing? Grove Liturgical Studies 7. Cambridge, England: Grove Books, 1976; 1997. Gerrish, Brian A. “Sign and reality: the Lord’s Supper in the Reformed Confessions.” The Old Protestantism and the New, 118-30. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1982. [BR309.G3] Haigh, Christopher. “Communion and community: Exclusion from Communion in Post- Reformation England.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History 51 (2000): 721-40. [BR140.J6] Hunt, Arnold. “The Lord’s Supper in Early Modern England.” Past and Present 161 (November 1998): 39-83. [D1.P3] Kaufman, Peter Iver. “Jewel on the Eucharist.” Anglican and Episcopal History 69 (2000): 421-42. Ratcliff, E.C. “The English Usage of Eucharistic Consecration 1548-1662.” Theology 60 (1957): 229-36, 273-80 Spinks, Bryan D. Two Faces of Elizabethan Anglican Theology: Sacraments and Salvation in the Thought of William Perkins and Richard Hooker. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 1999. Read chapter 7. [BX5148.S65 1999] ---. Sacraments, Ceremonies, and the Stuart Divines: Sacramental Theology and Liturgy in England and Scotland, 1603-1662. Aldershot, Hants, UK; Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2002. (N.B., A dense and not an easy book, but the most thorough treatment around.) [BV193.G7.S75 2002] Tuesday: Smashing images Diarmaid MacCulloch (Professor of the History of the Church, University of Oxford) Primary sources Homily on idolatry, from the Book of Homilies, 1563. The Bures monuments dispute, 1559-61: iconoclasm in action. Background in Diarmaid MacCulloch, Suffolk and the Tudors: Politics and Religion in an English County. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Read pp. 182-5. [DA670.S9.M2] Photographs for discussion: the interiors of English parish churches after the Reformation. Rumburgh and Yaxley churches, Suffolk. Dowsing, William. The Journal of William Dowsing: Iconoclasm in East Anglia during the English Civil War. Edited by Trevor Cooper. Woodbridge: The Ecclesiological Society [with] Boydell. [BX9318.J68 2001] (N.B., Photocopies not supplied: if we have time, we will look through some sample entries during the session.) Secondary Sources Aston, Margaret. England’s Iconoclasts. Volume 1: Laws against Images. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. [BR757.A65] Aston, Margaret. “Iconoclasm at Rickmansworth, 1522: Troubles of Churchwardens.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History 40 (1989): 524-52. [BR140.J6]. Reprinted in Margaret Aston, Faith and Fire: Popular and Unpopular Religion, 1350-1600. London; Rio Grande, Ohio: Hambledon Press, 1993. Duffy, Eamon. The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England, c.1400- c.1580. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992. Read part II. [BR742.D8] Eire, Carlos M.N. War Against the Idols: The Reformation of Worship from Erasmus to Calvin. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986. [BX9422.E4] Mangrum, Bryan D., and Giuseppe Scavizzi, eds. A Reformation Debate: Karlstadt, Emser and Eck on Sacred Images: Three Treatises in Translation. Ottawa: Dovehouse Editions; Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, Victoria University, 1991. [BL485.R4] Marshall, Peter. “The Rood of Boxley, the Blood of Hailes and the Defence of the Henrician Church.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History 46 (1995): 689-96. [BR140.J6] Nichols, Ann Eljenholm. “Books-for-Laymen: The Demise of a Commonplace.” Church History 56 (1987): 457-73. [BR140.A45] Rex, R. “Monumental Brasses and the Reformation.” Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society 14 (1990): 376-94. Wednesday: Miracles and Providence Alexandra Walsham (Senior Lecturer in History, University of Exeter) Primary Sources Set I (1) Dering, Edward. XXVII Lectures or Readings upon part of the Epistle written to the Hebrues, in Maister Derings Workes. London, 1590. Read the seventh lecture on 9:1-4. [STC 6731] or Scot, Reginald. The Discoverie of Witchcraft. London, 1584. Read book 8, chapter 1. [STC 21864] ___________ (2) Tynley, Robert. Two Learned Sermons. London, 1609. Read second sermon preached at the Spittle, 17 April 1609, esp. pp. 53-68. [STC 24472] or Odingsells, Charles. Two Sermons Lately Preached at Langar in the Valley of Belvoir. London, 1620. Read second sermon, “A Discourse of Miracles.” [STC 18783] ___________ (3) Ames, William. The Marrow of Sacred Divinity. London, 1642. Read book 1, chapter 9. [Wing A3000a] or Pemble, William. A Treatise of the Providence of God, in The Workes. London, 1635. Read chapter 2. [STC 19570] ___________ Set II (4) Beard, Thomas. The Theatre of God’s Judgements. London, 1597. Read pp. 60-1, 208-13, and 556-62. [STC 1659] ___________ (5) A true relation of God’s wonderfull mercies, in preserving one alive, which hanged five dayes. [London, c. 1613]. [PR973.F72 no. 3 and PR973.F7 no. 10] [STC 14668] and A most miraculous, strange and trewe ballad, of a younge man of the age of 19 yeares. In The Shirburn Ballads 1585-1616, edited by Andrew Clark, 159-63. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1907. [PR1181.S55] and Extract from Mercurius Politicus (1650-1). In Making the News: An Anthology of the Newsbooks of Revolutionary England, 1641-1660, edited by Joad Raymond, 182- 4. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1993. [DA400.M3] ___________ (6) A myraculous, and monstrous, but yet, most true, and certayne discourse of a woman … in the midst of whose fore-head … there groweth out a crooked horne. London, 1588. [STC 6910.7] ___________ Secondary Sources Chartier, Roger. “The Hanged Woman Miraculously Saved.” The Culture of Print: Power and the Uses of Print in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 1989. [Z124.U8.E5] Clark, Stuart. Thinking with Demons: The Idea of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe. New York; Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. Read part 2, chapters 10, 11, 16, and 17. [BF1584.E9.C57 1996] Donagan, Barbara. “Providence, Chance and Explanation: Some Paradoxical Aspects of Puritan Views of Causation.” Journal of Religious History 11 (1981): 385-403. Eire, Carlos M.N. War against the Idols: The Reformation of Worship from Erasmus to Calvin. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Read pp. 221-4. [BX9422.E4] Gillespie, Raymond. Devoted People: Belief and Religion in Early Modern Ireland. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997. Read chapters 3, 6, and 7. Greengrass, Mark. “Miracles and the Peregrinations of the Holy in France during the Wars of Religion.” In Religious Ceremonials and Images: Power and Social Meaning (1400-1750), edited by Jos Pedro Paiva. Coimbra: Palimage Editores, 2002. Kocher, Paul H. Science and Religion in Elizabethan England. San Marino, CA: Huntington Library, 1953. Read chapter 5. [BL245.K6] Scribner, R. W. “Reformation and Desacralisation: From Sacramental World to Moralised Universe.” In Problems in the Historical Anthropology of Early Modern Europe, edited by R. Po-Chia Hsia and R. W. Scribner. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1997. [GN17.3.E85.P7 1997] Scribner, R. W. “Incombustible Luther: The Image of the Reformer in Early Modern Germany.” Past and Present 110 (1986): 38-68. [D1.P3] Sluhovsky, Moshe. “Calvinist Miracles and the Concept of the Miraculous in Sixteenth- Century Huguenot Thought.” Renaissance and Reformation 19 (1995): 5-25. [CB361.R4] Thomas, Keith. Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century England. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1971. Read especially chapter 4. [BF1434.G7.T4] Walker, D. P. “The Cessation of Miracles.” In Hermeticism and the Renaissance: Intellectual History and the Occult in Early Modern Europe, edited by Ingrid Merkel and A.