INDEX Message from the Director-General 1 Research Activities 3 Full Research 5 Pre Research 99 Incubation Studies 105 RIHN Center 107 Outreach Program and Events RIHN International Symposium 124 Symposium of Environmental Isotope Study 125 RIHN Public Seminars 126 “CHO School” RIHN x Knowledge Capital 126 Kyoto Municipal Science Center For Youth “Future Scientist Training Course” 126 RIHN Open House 127 RIHN Area Seminars 127 RIHN Tokyo Seminar 128 The Earth Forum Kyoto; Special Session and International Symposium 128 The Earth Hall of Fame KYOTO 128 RIHN Seminars 129 Lunch Seminars (Danwakai) 130 RIHN General Meeting (RGM) 131 Press Conferences 131 Publications 131 Individual Achievements 132 Appendices 1. Number and Affiliation of Project Members 2. Research Fields of Project Members 3. Research Project Sites 1 Message from the Director-General The Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) was established in April 2001 to conduct integrated research in the field of global environmental studies. In 2004, RIHN became one of the original members of the National Institutes for the Humanities (NIHU), as an Inter-University Research Institute Corporation. Environmental degradation can be understood as an imbalance in interactions between human beings and natural systems. Our mission is therefore to conduct solution-oriented research aimed at exploring how interactions between humanity and nature ought to be. RIHN conducts interdisciplinary research spanning the natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences, and transdisciplinary research, collaborating with various stakeholders in society. Fiscal year 2019 marks the fourth year of our Phase III Medium-Term Plan. Under the three Research Programs, and one Core Program, we conducted nine full research projects. The RIHN Center was promoting to organically inte- grate and support the Research Programs/Projects, including both domestic and international collaboration. As part of RIHN’s international activities, RIHN is hosting the Asian Regional Centre for Future Earth, which is expected to promote the overall research and capacity buildings of Future Earth in Asia. Under the initiative of Director General (with the Council for Research Strategy), the Public Relations Unit, the Institutional Research (IR) Unit and the International Publication Unit (IPU) functioned actively. With the new structure in place, we are pursuing our mission even more vigorously through enhanced collaboration within our institute, across our diverse research community, and with society in general. This annual report describes the updated outcome of these activities of RIHN for the FY2019.I do hope this report will help you to understand the overall activity within the FY2019. With best regards, YASUNARI Tetsuzo Director-General Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 3 Research Activities Research Activities ●Full Research [Research Program 1: Transition to a society that can flexibly deal with environmental changes] Program Director: SUGIHARA Kaoru p. 5 Project Name: Toward the Regeneration of Tropical Peatland Societies: Building International Research Network on Paludiculture and Sustainability Management Project leader: KOZAN Osamu p. 11 Project Name: Research and Social Implementation of Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction as Climate Change Adaptation in Shrinking Societies Project leader: YOSHIDA Takehito p. 21 [Research Program 2: Fair use and management of diverse resources] Program Director: NAKASHIZUKA Toru p. 33 Project Name: Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-being in Social-ecological Systems Project leader: OKUDA Noboru p. 36 Project Name: Mapping the Environmental Impact Footprint of Cities, Companies, and Household Project leader: KANEMOTO Keiichiro p. 46 [Research Program 3: Design of wellbeing-enhancing living spaces and life styles] Program Director: SAIJO Tatsuyoshi p. 48 Project Name: Lifeworlds of Sustainable Food Consumption and Production: Agrifood Systems in Transition Project leader: MCGREEVY, Steven Robert p. 51 Project Name: The Sanitation Value Chain: Designing Sanitation Systems as Eco-Community-Value System Project leader: YAMAUCHI Taro p. 62 Project Name: Co-creation of Sustainable Regional Innovation for Reducing Risk of High-impact Environmental Pollution Project leader: SAKAKIBARA Masayuki p. 74 [Core Program] Program Director: TANIGUCHI Makoto p. 83 Project Name: Proposal and Verification of the Validity of Isotope Environmental Traceability Methodology in Environmental Studies Project leader: TAYASU Ichiro p. 86 Project Name: Information Asymmetry Reduction in Open Team Science for Socio-environmental Cases Project leader: KONDO Yasuhisa p. 90 4 RIHN Annual Report 2019 ●Pre Research Project Name: Study of behavior modification of public people by sharing daily activity and air quality information toward clean air and promoting public health Project leader: HAYASHIDA Sachiko p. 99 ●Individual Collaboration FS 1. Study for energy transition policy and strategy towards RE100% Asian cities KOBASHI Takuro (National Institute for Environmental Studies) 2. Humanities for the Environment: developing a cultural approach to environmental knowledge NILES, Daniel (RIHN) ●Institutional Collaboration FS 1. Future Image of Living Sphere by Restructuring Sustainable Relation between Humans and Land OKABE Akiko (Tokyo University) 2. Sustainable Urban Design using Inclusive Wealth MANAGI Shunsuke (Kyushu University) 3. Fair for whom? Comparing politics, power and precarity in transformations of swidden social-ecological systems in Southeast Asia and Sub-Sahara Africa Grace Wong (Stockholm Resilience Centre) ●Core FS 1. Co-design and stakeholder engagement according to geographical scales ONISHI Yuko (RIHN) 2. Development of the Methodology for the Integrated Future Scenario Building with Trans-disciplinary Approach BABA Takeshi (Tokyo City University) ●Incubation Studies 1. An ecology of care approach to neurological disorders: toward a comprehensive model for care embedded in a biosocial milieu NISHI Makoto (Kyoto University) p. 105 2. Healthy society based on sustainable ecosystem management OKABE Kimiko (Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute) p. 105 3. Future-oriented governance for water resources in an insular environment based on land-sea linkage of water cycle SHINJO Ryuichi (Ryukyu University) p. 105 4. Living in the bioregion: decentralizing the primary industries TAMURA Norie (RIHN) p. 106 5. Metacognitive interventions to enable the transition toward a sustainable society NAKAGAWA Yoshinori (Kochi University of Technology) p. 106 6. Multispecies Cities: Co-designing more-than-human well-being in the Asia-Pacific CHRISTOPH Rupprecht (RIHN) p. 106 5 Research Projects Research Program1: Societal Transformation under Environmental Change Program Director: SUGIHARA Kaoru RIHN ○ Research Subject and Objectives Goal of the Program This program aims at providing realistic perspectives and options to facilitate the transformation towards a society that can flexibly respond to environmental changes caused by human activities such as global warming and air pollution, as well as to Research Projects natural disasters. Mission Statement To demonstrate the fundamental significance of global environmental sustainability for human society, we need to make the links between environmental change and natural disasters, and social issues such as livelihood, inequality, social security and conflict, intellectually explicit, and reinforce them in the real world. RIHN’s Societal Transformation under Environmental Change research program contributes to this task. The Program follows two lines of enquiry. The first conducts research on Asia’s long-term paths of social and economic development in relation to climate change and environmental history. Such studies offer historical understandings of the human- nature interface, and evaluate each region’s political and economic conditions and cultural and social potentialities in comparative perspective. For example, postwar development of the industrial complex along the Asia’s Pacific coast was made possible by the combination of imported fossil fuels and utilization of rich local resources of land, water and biomass. Industrial development in the region produced both rapid economic growth and at times severe environmental pollution and degradation. It is important to recognize the causes and consequences of these historical processes in their own light, as well as for their significance to future societal change and policy deliberations. The Program’s second line of enquiry examines the kinds of motivations that affect people’s livelihood, by working closely with various stakeholders in local society in Asia. Our project based in Sumatra’s tropical peat swamp forest, for example, has identified four principal kinds of motivations - local livelihood; profit of local farmers and agricultural and industrial enterprises; local and centrally-based governance; and conservation measures implemented by governments, NGOs and international institutions -, and examines how they can best be coordinated to promote sustainability at the village level. Project research also helps implement policies at local, national and international levels. This ongoing project, which cooperates with local universities, companies and officials, has already contributed to the development of regional and national policies to control peatland fires, which became a significant environmental issue in Indonesia and beyond. This program