Vol. 12 No. 1-2 2001 HALL and HARVEY: New Riodinids from Ecuador and Peru 35 TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA, 12(1-2): 35-41 (2004) FIVE NEW RIODINID SPECIES FROM THE NAPO REGION OF ECUADOR AND PERU (LEPIDOPTERA: RIODINIDAE) JASON P. W. HALL AND DONALD J. HARVEY Dept. of Systematic Biology-Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington. DC 20560-0127, USA ABSTRACT.- Five new riodinid species in the genera Euselasia Hu'bner, [1819] (Euselasia michaeli n. sp. and Euselasia rufomarginata n. sp.), Mesosemia Hiibner, [1819] (Mesosemia kahuapayani n. sp. and Mesosemia quadralineata n. sp.), and Calospila Geyer, [1832] (Calospila napoensis n. sp.), are described from the Napo river region of Ecuador and northern Peru. We make the following nomenclatural changes: Mesosemia materna Stichel, 1909, and M. subtilis Stichel, 1909 = M. thymetus umbrosa Stichel, 1909 (n. syns.), M. sylvina Bates, 1868 = M. cippus Hewitson, 1859 (n. syn.), Calospila cerealis (Hewitson, 1863) = C. rhesa (Hewitson, 1858) (n. syn.), and C. pirene (Godman, 1903) and C. caecina (C. & R. Felder, 1865) are reinstated to species status (stat. revs.). KEY WORDS: bioinventory, Bolivia, Brazil, Calospila napoensis n. sp., Colombia, Ecuador, Euselasia michaeli n. sp., Euselasia rufomarginata n. sp., Mesosemia kahuapayani n. sp., Mesosemia quadralineata n. sp., Neotropical, South America, taxonomy. The upper Amazon basin is well known to be the center of Euselasia rufomarginata Hall & Harvey, new sp. riodinid butterfly diversity (Robbins et al., 1996; Robbins & Opler, Fig. la,b; 6a,b 1997), but to date detailed results of long-term bioinventory work have only been reported for southwestern Brazil and southern Peru Description.- MALE: forewing length 18mm. Forewing slightly pointed, four radial veins; hindwing somewhat elongate. Dorsal surface: forewing (Emmel & Austin, 1990; Lamas etal., 1991; Lamas, 1994; Robbins ground color black; in a view perpendicular to wing surface, broad, et al., 1996), and very little such data have yet been published for postdiscal, dark iridescent purple band extends from costa, narrowing to the riodinid faunas of eastern Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru. tornus; in oblique view, distal apical area and remaining proximal area also However, recent intensive fieldwork by Jason Hall and Keith darker iridescent purple; fringe brown. Hindwing ground color black, paler Willmott (unpubl. data) in the upper Ecuadorian Napo region, and at costal and anal margins; in perpendicular view, broad area of iridescent Gerardo Lamas and Smithsonian colleagues in the lower Peruvian purple occupies distal half of wing, extending from vein Rs to vein 2A, Napo region (Lamas et al., 1996) as part of the BIOLAT program brighter and paler at submargin, darker more proximally; in oblique view, dark purple extends to wing base; fringe brown. Ventral surface: forewing (Biological diversity of Latin America), has begun to redress this ground color rich orange-brown; gray-brown along anal margin below vein imbalance of knowledge. Despite being an important commercial Cu2, except in upper third of cell Cu2 and at very margin; thin, slightly thoroughfare in the past, the Napo river has historically been poorly uneven, orange-brown postdiscal line extends vertically from middle of cell explored entomologically, especially in its middle and upper Cu, to vein M, before angling slightly inwards towards costa, heavy black reaches, and Conde de Castelnau (1845-1846), Henry Whitely scaling proximally, light black scaling distally around portion of line below (1870's), Padre Sarkady (1879), and Harvey Bassler (1921-1931) vein Cu2; broad, indistinct band of darker postmedial scaling extends from were the only prominent pre-war butterfly collectors to travel in the vein M3 to vein 2A. Hindwing ground color rich orange-brown; thin, slightly uneven, orange-brown postdiscal line extends diagonally from costa to vein region (Lamas, 1976, 1981). M3, kinks outward very slightly in cell M3, then continues to middle of cell The purpose of this paper is to describe five new riodinid Co,, then horizontally to vein 3A at anal margin, heavy black scaling lines species from the Napo region, in the genera Euselasia Hiibner, it proximally, light black scaling distally; broad, postmedial band of darker [1819], Mesosemia Httbner, [1819], and Calospila Geyer, [1832], scaling leaves veins in distal half of wing, and distal and tornal margins, that have come to light during our bioinventory studies. Morphologi- outlined in orange-brown; very elongate, proximally pointed triangles in cal terms for genitalia follow Eliot (1973) and Klots (1956), and center of each of cells R5 to M2 and Cu,, two in cells Cu2 and 2A, with small black triangle at distal base then a dirty pale gray line; large, ovoid, terminology for wing venation follows Comstock & Needham iridescent dark purple-blue (black at an oblique angle) eyespot in cell M3, (1918). We largely follow Heppner and Lamas (1982) in using the lined proximally with broad area of orange-brown, distally with a curved following acronyms throughout the text: dirty pale gray line. Head: labial palpi orange-cream. Eyes black and bare, margins with orange scaling. Frons black edged with orange-cream. BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, England Antennal segments black with basal white scaling that is more extensive in JHKW Collection of Jason P. W. Hall and Keith R. Willmott, Washing- segments immediately before clubs; clubs black, tips orange-brown. Body: ton, DC, USA dorsal surface of thorax and abdomen black, ventral surface cream-brown. MUSM Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Forelegs pale orange; femur of mid and hindlegs cream, remainder pale Marcos, Lima, Peru orange. Genitalia (Fig. 6a,b): uncus rounded; short, broad saccus; valvae PJD Collection of Philip J. DeVries, Milwaukee Public Museum, elongate, abruptly produced into a small posterior projection towards tip Milwaukee, WI, USA which curves inwards in ventral view, small shallow concavity at inner basal USNM National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, margin of valvae in ventral view, transtilla small; aedeagus of approximately Washington, DC, USA even width, gradually becoming pointed towards tip, everted vesica broadens ZMHU Zoologisches Museum fur Naturkunde, Humboldt Universitat, medially and gradually narrows towards tip which curves to the left-hand Berlin, Germany side, ventrally and anteriorly. FEMALE: unknown. Types.- Holotype male: PERU.- Loreto. Rio Sucusari, Explornapo-ACEER, 03°14'S 72°55'W, 140m, 18 Sept 1995 (J. Grados) (#574, diss. # 1999-93); to be deposited in the MUSM. 36 HALL and HARVEY: New Riodinids from Ecuador and Peru TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA Fig. 1-5. 1. Euselasia rufomarginala Hall & Harvey n. sp., holotype male: a) dorsal surface; b) ventral surface. 2. Euselasia michaeli Hall & Harvey n. sp.. holotype male: a) dorsal surface: b) ventral surface. 3. Mesosemia kahuapayani Hall & Harvey n. sp., holotype male: a) dorsal surface; b) ventral surface. Allotype female: c) dorsal surface; d) ventral surface. 4. Mesosemia quadralineata Hall & Harvey n. sp., holotype male: a) dorsal surface; b) ventral surface. 5. Calospila napoensis Hall & Harvey n. sp., holotype male: a) dorsal surface; b) ventral surface. Paratypes: 1 male: PERU.- Loreto, Rio Lagartococha, Aguas Negras, remarkable and closely resembles that of species such as Euselasia 0°31'38"S 75°15'41"W, 150m, 5 Mar 1994 (R. K. Robbins); in the USNM. euoras (Hewitson, 1856) and particularly Euselasia manoa Brevig- Etymology.- The name of this species is derived from the Latin words for non, 1996, although it has a richer, darker ground color and darker "orange-brown" and "margin", in reference to the atypical orange-brown postmedial shading. However, the pattern of dorsal iridescence on scaling around the margins of the eyes, which is usually white in its species group. both wings, which is essentially postdiscal in perpendicular view but Diagnosis.- The dorsal purple iridescence and orange-brown ventral in fact covers the entire wings in an oblique view, is unique within ground color of Euselasia rufomarginata n. sp. clearly place it in the species group. It is noteworthy that the scaling surrounding the the "Euselasia arbas (Stoll, 1782) group". Its ventral surface is not eyes is orange-brown since this is white in all described species of Vol. 12 No. 1-2 2001 HALL and HARVEY: New Riodinids from Ecuador and Peru 37 the group. The fact that the species described below shares this ginal markings are more prominent, especially above vein M3, and, character suggests that the two may be most closely related to each most diagnostic of all, the postdiscal hindwing line is much more other. The male genitalia of E. rufomarginata differ from those of proximally positioned without an outward kink in cell M3 and an the species described below by having a more rounded uncus, inward instead of outward kink in cell Cu2. The fact that E. michaeli narrower valvae in ventral view and a shallow concavity at the inner shares the possession of orange or orange-cream instead of white basal margin of the valvae in ventral view, but given the small scaling around the eyes and at the edge of the frons with E. number of specimens available for examination it is not known rufomarginata (described above), suggests that the two may be which of these might constitute consistent differences. closely related. The male genitalia of "arbas group" species, as with Discussion.- This species is currently known only from two most species groups in the genus, are too homogeneous to be localities on the Napo river in Peru, but since one of these localities helpful in elucidating species relationships. lies on the Ecuadorian border, the species is certain to occur in that Discussion.- This species is currently known only from northeast country and also very probably in Colombia. Peru and west Brazil but it undoubtedly has a broader west Amazonian distribution that will include Ecuador and Colombia. Euselasia michaeli Hall & Harvey, new sp. Fig. 2a,b; 7a,b Mesosemia kahuapayani Hall & Harvey, new sp.