Indian Art & Culture by Teju, Nextgen

Indian Art & Culture by Teju, Nextgen

Indian Art & Culture by Teju, NextGen IAS PDF – Table of Contents 1. Cave Architecture ............................................................................................................................ 14 1.1 Origin ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 History ................................................................................................................................................... 15 1.3 Types of Caves ...................................................................................................................................... 15 1.3.1 Buddhist Caves ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 1.3.2 Hindu Caves ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 17 1.3.3 Jain Caves ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 1.3.4 Cave Architecture during Gupta Period ............................................................................................................................................ 25 1.4 Evolution of Buddhist Cave Architecture ........................................................................................... 30 1.4.1 Phase 1 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 1.4.2 Phase 2 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 1.4.3 Phase3 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31 1.4.4 Phase 4 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 1.5 Jaina Caves vs Buddhist Caves ............................................................................................................ 32 2. Stupa Architecture .......................................................................................................................... 33 2.1 Stupa ...................................................................................................................................................... 35 2.1.1 Stupa Architecture in North India ....................................................................................................................................................... 38 2.1.2 Stupa Architecture in South India ....................................................................................................................................................... 38 2.1.3 Differences between the North Indian and South Indian Stupas ........................................................................................... 38 Structure of Stupa –terminology ..................................................................................................................... 38 2.1.4 Basic structure of stupa ........................................................................................................................................................................... 40 2.2 Stupa Architecture in different periods ............................................................................................. 41 2.3 Different kinds of stupas ..................................................................................................................... 44 2.4 Classification of Stupas based on form and function ....................................................................... 45 2.4.1 Sanchi Stupa ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 45 2.4.2 Amaravati Stupa ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 46 2.4.3 Bharhut stupa .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 47 2.4.4 Gandhara stupa .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 47 2.4.5 Sungas, Kushans and Satavahanas ..................................................................................................................................................... 48 2.4.6 Amaravathi School of Art ....................................................................................................................................................................... 48 2.4.7 Differences between Mathura and Gandhara art ......................................................................................................................... 50 3. Temple Architecture ....................................................................................................................... 50 3.2 Temples Architecture @ Pre-Gupta Period ........................................................................................ 51 3.3 Temple Archiecture @ Gupta Dynasty ............................................................................................... 52 3.3.1 Evolution of Gupta Style Temple Architecture ............................................................................................................................... 52 3.3.2 Important Temples @ Gupta Style of Temple Architecture ..................................................................................................... 55 3.4 Rock-Cut temple architecture ............................................................................................................. 59 3.4.1 Monolithic Temples .................................................................................................................................................................................. 59 3.4.2 Important sites of Rock-cut Temples of the Gupta Period ....................................................................................................... 60 3.5 Stages of Temple Architecture ............................................................................................................ 61 3.5.1 First Stage ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 61 3.5.2 Second stage ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 62 3.5.3 Third stage .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 62 3.5.4 Fourth Stage ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 63 3.5.5 Fifth Stage ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64 3.6 Styles of Temple Architecture ............................................................................................................. 64 3.6.1 Nagara School of Architecture ............................................................................................................................................................. 65 3.6.2 Dravidian Style of Temple Architecture ............................................................................................................................................ 72 3.6.3 Differences between Nagara and Dravida Style of temple architecture ............................................................................. 73 3.7 Temple Architecture in South India .................................................................................................... 73 3.7.1 Stage I - Mahendra Group ..................................................................................................................................................................... 74 3.7.2 Stage II - Narasimha Group ................................................................................................................................................................... 74 3.7.3 Stage III - Rajasimha Group ..................................................................................................................................................................

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