The Vertebrates of British Columbia: Scientific and English Names Standards for Components of British Columbia's Biodiversity No. 2 Prepared by Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management Terrestrial Information Branch for the Terrestrial Ecosystems Task Force Resources Inventory Committee Year 2002 Version 3.0 © The Province of British Columbia Published by the Resources Inventory Committee National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data Main entry under title: The vertebrates of British Columbia [electronic resource] -- Version 3.0 (Standards for components of British Columbia’s biodiversity ; no. 2) Previously issued by Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Resources Inventory Branch. Issued also in printed format on demand. Available through the Internet. Includes bibliographical references: p. ISBN 0-7726-4687-2 1. Vertebrates - British Columbia - Nomenclature. 2. Vertebrates - Nomenclature. I. British Columbia. Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management. Terrestrial Information Branch. II. Resources Inventory Committee (Canada). Terrestrial Ecosystems Task Force. III. British Columbia. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. Resources Inventory Branch. IV. Series. QL606.52.C3V47 2002 596'.09711 C2002-960000-6 Additional Copies of this publication can be purchased from: Government Publication Services Phone: (250) 387-6409 or Toll free: 1-800-663-6105 Fax: (250) 387-1120 www.publications.gov.bc.ca Digital Copies are available on the Internet at: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/ric ii Preface This version of The Vertebrates of British Columbia: Scientific and Common Names contains current lists as of September 2001 of the scientific and common names for the vertebrates of British Columbia, as well as scientific names for subspecies. These lists are intended to reach a wide readership and to stimulate co-operation among those interested in British Columbia's biology. They are the accepted standard nomenclature for the province's vertebrates. As lists go out of date quickly, updated versions of The Vertebrates of British Columbia will continue to be produced frequently. Previous to this publication the Royal British Columbia Museum had published lists of names for the vertebrates of British Columbia (excluding fishes). In 1985, the Wildlife Habitat Handbook program in a joint effort by three agencies of the provincial government (Wildlife Branch, Ministry of Environment; Research Branch, Ministry of Forests; and the Royal BC Museum) produced lists of taxonomic names and species codes for the amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals of the province (Campbell and Harcombe 1985). In 1990, the first edition of The Vertebrates of British Columbia (Cannings and Harcombe 1990) was produced as a cooperative initiative by the Royal British Columbia Museum and the Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Wildlife Branch. This publication updated our knowledge and added a significant dimension--the fishes of British Columbia. The Vertebrates of British Columbia was compiled by the Terrestrial Ecosystems Task Force, under the auspices of the Resources Inventory Committee (RIC). This manual is one of the Standards for Components of British Columbia’s Biodiversity (CBCB) series, which presents protocols for species population inventory in the province. Thirty-six manuals are available which outline inventory techniques for different species groups. In addition, an introductory manual (Species Inventory Fundamentals No. 1) describes the history and objectives of RIC, and outlines the general process of conducting a wildlife inventory according to RIC standards, including selection of inventory intensity, sampling design, sampling techniques, and statistical analysis. RIC standards are also available for animal capture and handling (No. 3) and radio-telemetry (No.5). Taxonomic codes contained within this manual are required for all RIC data forms and for use in the provincial data system. For more information please visit the species inventory website at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/rib/cbs/ Comments and suggestions can be forwarded to the Elements Working Group by contacting: Conservation Data Centre Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management P.O. Box 9993, Station Prov Govt Victoria, BC [email protected] 2002 iii Acknowledgments Funding of the Resources Inventory Committee work, including the preparation of this document, is provided by the Corporate Resource Inventory Initiative (CRII) and by Forest Renewal BC (FRBC). Preliminary work of the Resources Inventory Committee was funded by the Canada-British Columbia Partnership Agreement of Forest Resource Development FRDA II. The Resources Inventory Committee consists of representatives from various ministries and agencies of the Canadian and the British Columbia governments as well as from First Nations peoples. RIC objectives are to develop a common set of standards and procedures for the provincial resources inventories, as recommended by the Forest Resources Commission in its report “The Future of our Forests”. For further information about the Resources Inventory Committee and its various Task Forces, please access the Resources Inventory Committee Website at: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/ric. Terrestrial Ecosystems Task Force All decisions regarding standards are the responsibility of the Resources Inventory Committee. This publication is an update to the previous version (2.1) of this manual. This standard was created by summarizing information provided by Alex E. Peden (Marine Fishes and Freshwater Fishes); David M. Green (Amphibians); Linda A. Gregory and Patrick T. Gregory (Reptiles); Richard J. Cannings (Birds); and David Nagorsen (Mammals). These people are the scientific authorities for their respective groups and have made all decisions regarding appropriate taxonomic standard and taxa known to be present in British Columbia. This manual was compiled by Leah Westereng. 2002 v Table of Contents Preface........................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................v Introduction ......................................................................................................................1 Marine Fishes...................................................................................................................5 Freshwater Fishes........................................................................................................... 29 Amphibians .................................................................................................................... 37 Reptiles.......................................................................................................................... 39 Birds .............................................................................................................................. 41 Mammals ....................................................................................................................... 67 Alphabetical Sequence by English Names......................................................................... 81 Alphabetical Sequence by Scientific Names.................................................................... 125 Alphabetical Sequence by Species Codes ....................................................................... 169 Deviations from the Standard Species Codes .................................................................. 213 Selected Domestic Animals ........................................................................................... 215 References................................................................................................................... 217 2002 vii List of Figures Figure 1. Elements of a typical portion of the taxonomic lists................................................2 List of Tables Table 1. Symbols used as descriptors in species lists............................................................4 2002 ix Introduction Introduction British Columbia is an ecologically diverse province of about 95 million hectares. As of September 2001 records indicate that the vertebrate fauna comprised 466 fish, 22 amphibians, 18 reptiles, 488 birds, and 133 native (plus 9 introduced) mammals. In fishes, 409 species are marine, about 83 (including undescribed taxa) are freshwater and 24 occur in both fresh and salt water. With the increase in the number of research, management and public programs dealing with vertebrates, a need has evolved for reference lists of vertebrate species names and species codes. These lists will be the standard for nomenclature in the Royal British Columbia Museum's collections, publications and exhibits. These names will also be adopted as Resources Inventory Committee (RIC) taxonomic standards and used by all government agencies and biologists in the province. This publication includes the names of all vertebrate species known to occur, or to have occurred, in the province of British Columbia and the adjacent Pacific Ocean to the 200 mile limit during historical times. No distinction is made between resident and migratory species or between those that occur regularly, casually or accidentally. The occurrence of these species has been documented by specimens, photographs or other acceptable evidence. Species introduced by humans are marked †; this includes species introduced directly into British Columbia and those that entered