News for Friends of Leonard Bernstein Fall/ Winter 2012/2013 Leonard Bernstein & POTUS “…I’m a lily-livered, bleeding heart, COURTESY NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC ARCHIVE liberal, egghead Communist!” The Honorable Josiah “Jed” Bartlet POTUS, “The West Wing” (2000) by Mark Adams Taylor eonard Bernstein would have loved TV’s President Bartlet. Or imagine him with real life politicos Hillary and Bill Clinton. LOr Bernstein alongside Barack! Fantasy aside, Bernstein’s relationships with actual U.S. presidents spanned a period of tremendous change in America. They were as diverse as they are intriguing. They ranged from imaginary to intimate to ill-tempered. And they provide yet another novel way to view the incredible scope of Bernstein’s life. In The Infinite Variety of Music, Bernstein explains his imaginary relationship with President George Washington, which stretched back to his childhood. He envisions General Washington as a traveling companion to whom he explains modern inventions. Washington, in turn, provides Bernstein with questions whose answers are precisely what Bernstein wants to discuss: G.W. You mean we are not a musically cultured nation? But I thought – L.B. No, we’re not, really. Not yet, anyway; although we may be well on the way… History’s most influential music teacher, Bernstein never wavered from his message: music and education enhance society. While he was revered worldwide for his musical genius, he was also a lifelong advocate for peace, civil rights and support for the arts. Bernstein ranks legendary as an American liberal activist. Vice President Richard M. Nixon presents the Institute of International Depending on the politics involved, Bernstein Education's Distinguished Service Award to Leonard Bernstein. In the center (continued on page 2) is Grayson Kirk, President of Columbia University. 4 Bernstein Compares 6 Artful Learning Update 11 Directing Inside... Eisenhower and Kennedy 8 In the News Trouble in Tahiti 5 Meeting President Carter 12 Remembering Carlos Moseley Leonard Bernstein & POTUS, continued COURTESY LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COURTESY LIBRARY eonard Bernstein thoroughly broke the Lmold of the insular, obsessive artist who shuts out the world while toiling in a lonely garret. This was a man who made no distinction between being an artist and a global citizen. Every advance he made in his fame and fortune, he put to good purpose in his efforts to make the world a safer and more compassionate place for all of its inhabitants. He was not afraid to hold unpopular opinions, or to speak up when he saw an injustice. As a result, Leonard Bernstein sometimes came to loggerheads with his own government. In this election year, it’s fascinating to read about the wide range of Bernstein’s encounters with Presidents and the White House. We can’t help wondering: what issues would Leonard Bernstein be championing if he were alive today? Would he be feverishly campaigning for the presidential candidate he believed in? We’re certain of it. Would he be urging Middle Eastern nations to lay down their arms and reach mutual understanding? Would he be participating in fund-raising events for women’s rights, gay rights, enlightened education for one Leonard Bernstein on State Department tour, Moscow 1959. and all? We know he would. And we’re also sure he would still be either hailed to or railed against page by page, starting with: “We advocating for fewer guns and no nukes – the Chief. must rescue patriotism from the and continuing to make his assertion: “War One year before his death, bigots!” Finally, in red: “No more is obsolete.” Maybe one day the rest of the Bernstein and I had a meeting of flag-burning campaigns, white world will come to agree with him, and lay the minds. He asked me to tune down their arms forever. He never lost faith up a draft letter he’d written to Bernstein's last that such a day could come. President George H.W. Bush. A symbolic gesture to garner public White House visit J.B. ■ attention, Bernstein’s letter rejected the National Medal of the Arts to was perhaps his protest censorship. Bernstein chose Prelude, Fugue & Riff Prelude, not to “collect a medal in kind most memorable. and gentle silence while hoping for less stifling days ahead.” News against black campaigns, abortion coverage appeared on the front campaigns, tax-breaks-for-the- pages of the Washington Post and rich campaigns.” For a last line, the New York Times. Bernstein suggested: “Only then s Fall/Winter 2012/2013 In exchange, I asked Lenny can we Play Ball!” to review a speech I’d written for Timely even today, Bernstein's Senator Bill Bradley, called Playing edits hearken back to the last liberal Patriotism. My draft for the POTUS he knew: Jimmy Carter. basketball-legend-turned-politician Both Bernstein and Carter rode intrigued Bernstein. In blue editor’s the wave of patriotism surrounding pencil, he strengthened the speech America’s Bicentennial. Bernstein 2 campaigned for Carter’s first COURTESY NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC ARCHIVE presidential bid, and again at Carter’s reelection attempt. Their friendship transcended borders. Bernstein’s last White House visit was perhaps his most memorable. At a gathering preceding the Kennedy Center Honors, honoree Bernstein received permission from the President to take his entire family to the Lincoln Bedroom to light the Hanukkah candles. As the time arrived to leave for the Kennedy Center, Bernstein placed the still-burning candles on the bathroom sink, praying he wouldn’t burn the White House down that night. It’s interesting that Bernstein’s White House relationships didn’t always fall along party lines. In the mid-1940s, Democrat Harry Truman launched Bernstein’s now- infamous FBI file. In 1950, thanks to Bernstein’s early and insatiable Leonard Bernstein, President Eisenhower, Leonard Warren, and Rise Stevens at the Lincoln liberal activism, Truman banned Center ground breaking ceremony. Bernstein’s music from overseas State Department libraries and opinion abroad. In the spring of also invited behind the scenes for functions. Truman cancelled his 1959, shovel in hand, Eisenhower less formal presidential gatherings. own attendance at a New York joined Bernstein in New York at After a White House dinner function with Chaim Weizmann, Lincoln Center’s groundbreaking celebrating Igor Stravinsky’s 80th the first president of Israel, where ceremony. Later that year, the US birthday, for example, Bernstein Bernstein was to perform. (There government sent Bernstein and and his wife were among a small was no love lost between them, the New York Philharmonic to group invited to the family quarters. however; years later, Bernstein was Moscow to gain an advantage in So comfortable did Bernstein among the celebrities to appear the arts over the Soviet Union. feel in the private rooms of the during a televised celebration The mission scored Eisenhower for former President Truman’s some political success. Not only were the Diamond Jubilee.) From the mid-50s to the early Bernstein developed a closer ‘60s, America saw Rosa Parks Bernsteins frequently on personal relationship with refuse to budge; the Surgeon Republican President Eisenhower General link cigarettes to lung Kennedy guest lists; they than with Truman. However, cancer; Eisenhower sign the Civil Eisenhower followed Truman’s Rights Act; West Side Story open were also invited behind lead by also covertly expanding on Broadway; and for the first Bernstein’s FBI file. In 1953, citing time ever in presidential politics, the scenes for less formal security risks, Eisenhower’s State a televised debate between Nixon presidential gatherings. Department pulled Bernstein’s and JFK. passport, releasing it only after Beyond tapping the power Fugue & Riff Prelude, Bernstein signed an affidavit of TV, Bernstein and JFK had Executive Residence that he sat disavowing Communism. (Bernstein in common their home state himself down in JFK’s favorite made it to Milan’s La Scala in the of Massachusetts and their rocking chair and pretended not nick of time to conduct Maria Callas alma mater, Harvard. President to hear Felicia Bernstein’s urgent in her legendary Sonnambula.) Kennedy and his wife attended admonitions for him to get up. s Eisenhower in turn used the opening of Candide – itself It’s been argued that in some Fall/Winter 2012/2013 Bernstein as ammunition in his an attack on the stifling days of ways Bernstein never fully “cultural” Cold War. Eisenhower anti-Communist fervor under recovered from the assassination believed that the U.S. needed Truman and Eisenhower. Not only of JFK. Bernstein kept a signed to compete culturally with the were the Bernsteins frequently photo of President Kennedy USSR in order to sway public on Kennedy guest lists; they were (continued on page 13) 3 Bernstein Compares Eisenhower and Kennedy COURTESY JOHN F. KENNEDY LIBRARY COURTESY JOHN F. which point there was a horrified silence. Trying to save it, I said, (I shouldn’t have said anything, but you couldn’t not say anything, I mean the silence was so heavy and tense) and to break it I said, “You mean the ‘Rhapsody in Blue’ ... You mean you like music with a beat, with a rhythmic pulse?” He said, “No, I like music with a theme.” And so I just gave that one up. I decided not to press it any further because it would be provoking him, but then he charged back to the fray with a line that will forever be engraved in my mind, saying, “I like music with a theme, not all them arias and barcaroles.” And, that’s accurate, I have witnesses, I have lots of Philharmonic members, my wife. I didn’t ask him what he meant by those terms either. First Lady On July 21, 1964, Leonard You couldn’t smoke at the dinner And suddenly the Jacqueline Bernstein gave journalist Nelson table, you couldn’t smoke before Kennedy speaks Aldrich a recorded oral history dinner and you couldn’t smoke President said, “I like about his relationship to President after dinner.