Ifuthuswaffld Dikshitar Bi-Centenary Volume THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. XLVII 1976 Parts I-IV -** ‘—r* • Mjn*. ■ ■ i TOTfa f r qtfagtf ^ i “I dwell not in Vaikunfha, nor in the hearts ofYoglns nor In the Saa ; (bat) where my bhaktas sing, there be 1, Narada 1 ” Edited by T. S. PARTHASARATHY 1979 The Music Academy Madras 306, Mowbray's Road, Madras - 600014 Annual Subscription-Inland - Rs.12 ; Foreign $ 3.00 Muthuswami Dikshitar Bi-Centetfiry Volume THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. XLVII 1976 Parts I-IV H i TOTfa ^ ^ I V$CtFT ^ IS “I dwell not in Vaiknn(ha, nor in the hearts of Yogins nor in the Snn ; (but) where my bhaktas sing, there be 1, Narada ! Edited by T. S. PARTHASARATHY 1979 The Music Academy Madras 306, Mowbray’s Road, Madras - 600014 Annual Subscription-Inland • Rs. 12.; Foreign $ 3.00 PUBLICATIONS OF THE MOMD ACADEMY Tamil, 1971 6 Some Rare and Unpublished Kirtanas of Mysore Sadasiva Rao, Tamil, Ssuskrjt and English, 1970... 4 Songs of Mysore Sadasiva Rao with Notation in Tamil.*. 4 Oarbhapuri Kirtanas with Notation .in Tamil, 1968 .» 4 Mazhavai Chidambara Bharati’s songs Ai with Notation in Tamil, 1965 ...y'i 4 Kritis of Pallavi Seshayyar with Notation in Tamil 19681 12 Four Rare Compositions of Veena Subbanna of Mysore'1 with Notation in Tamil, 1965 " v.. 4 Abhinaya Navanita (Dance) Tamil, 1961 ...*« 2 Abhinaya Sara Samputa (Dance) Tamil, 1961 ... 4 Nottu Svara Sahityas of Sri Muttuswamy Dikshitar with Sanskrit text and Notation in Tamil, 1977 ... 3 Tyagaraja Album : Tamil & English, 1967 ... 1 Index (in Tamil) of the Dikshitar Kritis Sung in the Concerts ofthe Muthuswamy Dikshitar Birth Bi-Centenary Conference ... 1 Index of the Articles on Music and Dance in Souvenirs of the Academy’s Annual Conferences from the beginning - English 2 SYAMA SASTRI-Pictorial Album ..; 1 Bibliography 1 8 8 8 8 88 888 88 8S8 8 8 888 Journal of the Music Academy : Volumes available Vol. XXXin (1962) to XXXVIII (1967) Vol. XLin (1972), XLV (1974), XLVI (1975) India Rs. 8/- each Foreign . $ 2 each Souvenir for 1967, 1969 to 1975 and 1977, 1978 Rs. 2 each „ 1962 and 1965 with colour plates of 5 composers Rs. 3 each (Packing and forwarding extra) OURSELVES From this Volume viz Vol. XLVII onwards, this Journal 'will be published as an Annual. All correspondence should be address^ to SriT. S. Partha- ^arathy, Editor, Journal of the Music Acadeiny, Madras-600014. Articles on subjects of music and dance are accepted for pub­ lication on the understanding that they are contributed solely to the Journal of the Music Academy. All manuscripts should be legibly written or preferably type­ written (double-spaced on one side of the paper only) and should bd signed by the writer (giving his address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible for the views expressed by individual contributors. All books, advertisement moneys and cheques due to and intended for the Journal should be sent to Sri T. S. Parthasarathy- Editor. JOURNAL COMMITTEE OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY 1. Sri T. S. Parthasarathy — Editor 2. Sri T. S. Rangarajan 3. Prof. S. Ramanathan 4. Sri Sandhyavandanam Srinivasa Rao l ' 5r! o V Rajagopalan } Secretaries of the Music 6. Sn R. Ranganathan 1 . 7. Sri S. Natarajan i Academy - Ex-officio 8. Sri S. Ramaswamy ••• Executive Trustee of the Music Academy Although, owing to unavoidable reasons, the publication of this Journal has fallen into arrears, the material required for its issues up to the Madras Music Conference of 1978 had been collec­ ted by Dr. V. Raghavan, the former Editor. Subsequent volumes o f this Journal will appear in the near future. CONTENTS Page The XLIXth Annual Conference of the Music Academy, M adras: Official Report ... 1 .A Comparative Study of the Raga Forms portrayed in the Kritis of Dikshitar and Tyagaraja: * S. R. Janakiramart ... 56 Dikshitar and Karnataka and Hindustani Paddhatis : Sandhyavandanam Srinivasa Rao ... 66 Muthuswami Dikshitar and Kerala ; Dr. S. Venkitasubramonia Iyer ... 72 A Broad Account of the Spread of Dikshitar’s Kirtanas in Karnataka Desa : Vidwan N. Chennakesavayya ... 77 Raga-mudras in Dikshitar’s Compositions : S. Seshadri ... 82 Tala Set Up in Dikshitar’s Compositions (Tamil): K. C. Tyagarajan ... 88 Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar and Other Sanskrit Composers (Tamil): K. V. Srikanthan ... 95 The Four Vivadi Dosha Svara Couplets and How Dikshitar deals with Them : Dr. T. S. Ramakrishnan ... 105 CONTENTS Bagp- Muthuswamy Dikfiflitar and Venkatamakhin’s Tradition : Dr. Sita 116- Dr. V. Raghavan : His Scholarship & Services : K. Chandrasekharan I S t Obituary : Dr. V, Raghavan : by T. S. Parthusarathy 156 Supplement: A Comparative Study of the Ragatattvavibodha of Srinivasa and the Sangita Parijata of Ahobala by Dr. D. B. Kshirasagar M. A. Ph. D. Sangit Parvin, Jodhpur ... 37-38 Noth : The name Shri P. L. Deshmukh, Vice-President of the S. N. Akademi, appearing on page 3 should read as Shri P. L. Deshpande. SRI MUTHUSWAM1 DIKSHITAR (1775—1835) * sr| m w ^Fr^ragfqqti THE MEMORIAL MANDAPA AT THE SITE WHERE DIKSHITAR’S HOUSE STOOD IN VADAMBOKKI STREET AT TIRUVARUR LORD TYAGARAJA THE DEITY AT TIRUVARUR one of the main inspirations of Muthuswami Dikshitar MUTHUSWAMI DIKSH1TAR SAMADHI MANDAPAM AT ETTAYAPURAM D r. V. RAGHAVAN, M.A, Ph.D, ( 1 9 0 8 — 19 7 9 ) SECRETARY, MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY. MANAGING EDITOR OF THIS JOURNAL FROM 1934 TO 1940. JOINT EDITOR FROM 1940 - 1958. SOLE EDITOR FROM 1958 - 1979. THE XLIXth MADRAS MtlSlC CONFERENCE OFFICIAL REPORT Tfae Opening Day 2 \st December, 1975 jr The XLIXth Annual Conference of the Music Academy,. Madras, was held in the T. T. Krishnamachari Auditorium in the- premises of the Academy, 306, Mowbray’s Road, Madras-14, from 21st December 1975 to 1st January 1976. In accordance with a resolution passed by the Executive Committee* the Con­ ference, which was held in honour of the Birth Bi-centenary of Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar, was conducted without electing a President as was done on the occasion Of the Tyagaraja Bi-centen­ ary and Tyagaraja Samadhi Centenary Conferences. The Conference was inaugurated by Dr. Kalaignar Karuna- nidhi, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. On his arrival at the premises of the Academy, Dr. Kalaignar Karunanidhi was recei- ved by Sri T. S. Rajam, President of the Academy and the Secretaries and was introduced to the members of the Executive and Experts’ Committees of the Academy. There was then a group photo with him, the President and Members of the Executive and Experts’ Committees. The distinguished guest was then taken to- the auditorium of the Academy where the inaugural function began with singing of prayer by Smt. Mani Krishnaswami. Messages Sri T. V. Rajagopalan, Secretary, then read the following messages received for the success of the XLIXth Conference. The President of India , sent his best wishes for the success of the Conference and continued progress of the Music Academy. The Vice-President of India sent his best wishes. 2 THE JOURNAL OF THE MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY [Vol. XLVII The Prime Minister of India sent her good wishes for the success of the XLIXth Conference of the Music Academy, Madras. The following Governors of States sent messages: Sri. K. K. Shah, Governor of Tamil Nadu\ The Governor of Karnataka, Sri Sukhadia, said : “For nearly SO years the Academy has been the premier institu­ tion for Music and Dance in the South and the foremost institution in the country representing the Karnataka tradition. Upholding the correct, classical standards, bringing together leading experts all over the country and abroad for discussions, seminars and scholarly discourses and encouraging young artistes and in many ways the Music Academy has performed services of inestimable value for the preservation of Indian culture.” Sri. M. Chenna Reddi, Governor of Uttar Pradesh, said : “ The verdict of Indian culture is to propound the gospel of ’“Satyam, givam, Sundaram” and right from the age of Bharata music was employed to disseminate spiritual knowledge. Whenever Arts and Artistes succumbed to personal and material gains, moral degradation of the whole society follows. Let our Artistes therefore keep within the framework of our cultural heritage.” The Governor of Haryana and the LL Governor of Pondi- -chery had sent messages. Prof. Nurul Hasan, Minister for Education, New Delhi, said : -“It is gratifying to note that the 49th Conference will be dedicated to Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar, the Bi-centenary of whose birth is being celebrated this year and whose outstanding contributions to Indian Classical Music are universally acknowledged. What gives me great pleasure is to know that competitions will be held and efforts will be made to discover new talent among our junior musicians with a view to giving them encouragement. The Conference is thus a national event.” PtS. I-IV ] THE XLIXth MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE 3 The Honourable Sri. C. Subramaniam said in bis message that ire was glad to note that the Conference was celebrated as the- Birth Bi-centenary of Sri Mtrthuswami Dikshitar. The Hon’ble Sri T. A. Pai said : “ It is proper that the Academy celebrates the Bi-centenary of the famous composer Sri M uthvsiuni Dikshitar. The Music Academy is doing useful service in arranging for competitions and encouraging young musicians, besides being the forum for exchange of thoughts and ideas, among Experts in Music”. Messages bad been received from Hon’ble Dr. Karan Singh and the Chief Ministers of Kerala and Gujarat. Sri K. P. S. Menon, President, Central Sangeet Natak Akademi said that the Academy’s Conference was always the event of the year in the world of Music and Drama and that this year it will have a special significance because it synchronised with the Bi-centenary of Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar and the programmes are elaborate and wellthought out.