Notes for Rome Pt. 1 (Early Rome and The Republic) Ancient Rome’s Geography Italian Peninsula: • ______________________ ______________________ Rome protected by: • ______________________ ______________________ • ______________________ ______________________ Mediterranean Sea provided: • ______________________________________________________________________________ Tiber River provided: • ______________________________________________________________________________ Roman Mythology • Based on Greek polytheistic religion -________________________________________________________________________________ • Explanations of natural phenomena, human qualities, and life events Greek God/Goddess Roman God/Goddess Role Zeus ____________________ King of the Gods Hera ___________________ Queen of the Gods Apollo ___________________ God of Music Artemis ___________________ Goddess of wild things, huntress Athena ___________________ Goddess of wisdom & war Aphrodite ___________________ Goddess of love & beauty • Was a polytheistic religion that was _________________________________________________ • ______________________________________________________________________________ come from Roman mythology Who ruled Rome before the Republic? • _________________________________________________________________ -agriculture and temples (753 BCE) • The last Etruscan king was overthrown _________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ What is a Republic? • The Romans vowed to never be ruled by a king. ______________________________________ Republic: • a form of government in which power rests with the people who can vote and elect their leaders _____________________________________________________________ What are the similarities between the governments? Comparing Rome United States Republican Governments Executive Legislative Judicial Legal Code Citizenship Social Classes- Patricians and Plebeians Patricians: • _______________________who held most of the power in government • ________________________________ of the population • Inherited power and social status Plebeians: • __________________-farmers, merchants, artisans, etc.. • ________________________________________ of the population • ________________________ but did not hold the most important government positions. Social Classes-Foreigners and Slaves Foreigners: • ________________________(sometimes) Slaves: • _________________________________________ • Often prisoners of war • Not based on race Social Classes-Women Women: • _______________________________________ • Could not vote • Could not hold political office • Managed the household of slaves & children Consuls (Executive branch) Consuls: Consuls ___leaders Powers • _________________________________ • Advised by Senate (Legislative branch) Senate: Senate • _______________branch of government Powers • Foreign policy and financial matters Tribunes: Tribune • ____________________elected by Tribal Assembly Powers • Look out ______________________in the Senate Tribal Assembly: Tribal Assembly • Made up of __________________________ Powers • Elected _____________________________ • Made laws for _________________________________ Centuriate Assembly: Centuriate Assembly • ______________that were citizens • _____________________________________________ Powers • Selected __________________ • Made laws (Judicial branch) Praetors • _____ judges Powers • ______civil & criminal cases • Govern provinces In Times of Crisis... Dictator Dictator • Appointed to serve ___________________________ • Chosen by consuls, elected by the Senate Powers • ____________________to make laws • Command army Rights and Responsibilities of all Roman Citizens (male) • ___________to vote • ___________taxes • ___________in the military Twelve Tables Why are the Twelve Tables important? • First written ____________________________________for Rome • ______________________________________________had protection of the law “Innocent until proven guilty” .