Mormugao Port Trust Techno-Economic Feasibility Study for the Proposed Capital Dredging of the Port for Navigation of Cape Size Vessels Draft Report December 2014 This document contains information that is proprietary to Mormugao Port Trust (MPT), which is to be held in confidence. No disclosure or other use of this information is permitted without the express authorization of MPT. Executive summary Background Mormugao Port Trust Page iii Contents 1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Scope of Work ............................................................................................... 2 1.3 Intent of the report .......................................................................................... 2 1.4 Format of the report ....................................................................................... 3 2 Site Characteristics .............................................................................. 4 2.1 Geographical Location ................................................................................... 4 2.2 Topography and Bathymetry .......................................................................... 5 2.3 Oceanographic Data ...................................................................................... 5 2.3.1 Tides ................................................................................................. 5 2.3.2 Waves ............................................................................................... 6 2.3.3 Currents ............................................................................................ 8 2.3.4 Wind .................................................................................................. 9 2.4 Meteorological and Oceanographic Conditions .............................................. 9 2.4.1 Temperature ...................................................................................... 9 2.4.2 Rainfall ............................................................................................ 10 2.4.3 Relative Humidity ............................................................................ 10 2.4.4 Visibility ........................................................................................... 10 2.5 Hydrographic Data ....................................................................................... 10 2.5.1 Bathymetry ...................................................................................... 10 2.5.2 Seabed Features ............................................................................. 11 2.6 Existing Berthing Facilities ........................................................................... 11 2.7 Existing Navigation Facilities ........................................................................ 12 2.7.1 Cyclone ........................................................................................... 12 2.7.2 Sediment Transport ......................................................................... 14 2.8 Air Connectivity ............................................................................................ 14 2.9 Road ............................................................................................................ 14 2.10 Rail ............................................................................................................... 15 3 Traffic forecast .................................................................................... 16 3.1 General ........................................................................................................ 16 3.2 Assessment of the Traffic Potential Attributable to Deepening of the Harbour ..................................................................................................................... 18 4 Field Investigations ............................................................................ 21 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 21 4.2 Marine Geo-Technical Investigation ............................................................. 21 4.2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 21 4.2.2 Objective ......................................................................................... 21 4.2.3 Scope of Work ................................................................................. 21 4.2.4 Location of Marine Bore Holes ........................................................ 21 4.2.5 Sea water Levels ............................................................................. 27 4.2.6 Engineering Recommendations ...................................................... 27 4.3 Geophysical Survey ..................................................................................... 29 Mormugao Port Trust Page iv 4.3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 29 4.3.2 Scope of Work ................................................................................. 29 4.3.3 Summary of the Results .................................................................. 30 5 Shipping Trends ................................................................................. 36 5.1 Ship types and sizes .................................................................................... 36 5.1.1 Bulk carriers for Iron ore and coal ................................................... 36 5.1.2 Break Bulk and Steel Products ........................................................ 37 5.1.3 Container ......................................................................................... 37 5.2 Ship types and sizes .................................................................................... 38 6 Channel of Approach Design ............................................................ 40 6.1 General ........................................................................................................ 40 6.2 Existing Harbour .......................................................................................... 40 6.3 Theoretically Desirable Channel Dimensions ............................................... 40 6.3.1 Factors involved in Channel Design, ............................................... 40 6.3.2 Horizontal Motions ........................................................................... 42 6.3.3 Hydrodynamic Factors .................................................................... 42 6.3.4 Marine Environmental Factors ......................................................... 43 6.3.5 Summation of Factors ..................................................................... 44 6.3.6 Vertical Motions ............................................................................... 44 6.4 Channel Design ........................................................................................... 45 6.4.1 Methodology .................................................................................... 45 6.4.2 Design Vessel ................................................................................. 45 6.4.3 Channel Width ................................................................................. 46 6.4.4 Width on the Basis of Theoretical Approach .................................... 46 6.4.5 Depth of Channel ............................................................................ 48 7 Dredging Plan for Deepening of the Port ......................................... 51 7.1 General ........................................................................................................ 51 7.2 Dredging Plan .............................................................................................. 51 7.2.1 Outer channel .................................................................................. 51 7.2.2 Inner channel and Turning circles ................................................... 52 7.2.3 Dredgers ......................................................................................... 52 7.2.4 Choice of Dredger for Mormugao Port ............................................. 54 7.2.5 Methodology .................................................................................... 54 7.2.6 Dredging of rocks ............................................................................ 55 7.3 Disposal of Dredged Spoil ............................................................................ 56 7.4 Capital Dredging Volumes ........................................................................... 56 7.5 Maintenance Dredging ................................................................................. 56 8 Project Implementation Schedule ..................................................... 60 8.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 60 8.2 Basic Considerations for Implementation ..................................................... 60 8.3 Pre-Development Activities .......................................................................... 60 8.3.1 Technical Closure ............................................................................ 61 8.3.2 Financial Closure ............................................................................. 61 8.3.3 Tendering Process .........................................................................